• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.2813-2818
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• 2015

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effect of curcumin on expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in skin squamous cell carcinoma tissues as well as possible mechanisms of curcumin in prevention and treatment of skin squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Highly invasive A431 cells were treated with curcumin at various doses .The cytotoxic effects of treatment with 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 50 umol/L curcumin for 24, 48 and 72 hours on A431 cells were measured by MTT assay. The invasion capacity of cells treated with 5, 10 and 15 umol/L curcumin was measured by Transwell test, while adhesive ability was assessed by cell adhesion assay. The effects of 5,10 and 15 umol/L curcumin on expression levels of STAT3 were determined by Western blotting and on transcription levels of STAT3 mRNA by RT-PCR. Results: Treatment with curcumin at a doses of more than 15 umol/L for more than 24 hour inhibited the growth of A431 cells in a time-and dose-dependent fashion (p<0.001). The doses of 15 umol/L and less for 24 hours showed no significant cytotoxic effects on the cells, survival rates being more than 85%.The invasion and adhesive abilities decreased gradually with the increasing curcumin concentration, 15 umol/L exerting the strongest inhibitory effects (p<0.05). Curcumin showed significant dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the transcription level of STAT3 mRNA (p<0.05). Conclusions: Curcumin may reduce the invasive ability of A431 cells by inhibiting the activation of STAT3 signal pathway and expression of STAT3 as a target gene in the pathway.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.971-977
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• 2009

The most abundant tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), has been reported to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in many types of cancer cells. In the present study, effects of EGCG on the growth of oral epithelial cells including CAL-27 oral squamous carcinoma cells and dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK) were investigated. EGCG inhibited growth of CAL-27 cells and DOK with $IC_{50}$ of 14.4-21.0 and 5.8-14.2 ${\mu}M$ after 24 and 48 hr incubation, respectively. EGCG was significantly less effective in inhibiting DOK growth. The effects of EGCG, however, were dramatically less pronounced in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Inhibitory effects of EGCG on CAL-27 cell growth were also much less pronounced in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS). EGCG induced caspase-3 activation in both CAL-27 and DOK cells in a serum free condition without SOD/catalase; in the presence of 10% FBS and SOD/catalase, EGCG, even at 100 ${\mu}M$, did not affect cell growth. The present results indicate that EGCG inhibited oral cell growth with higher potency to more malignant CAL-27 cells than DOK, and the effects were markedly altered by SOD/catalase and serum content in media.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.230-234
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• 2005

Oudemansiella radicata, one of edible mushrooms belonging to Tricholomataceae of Basidiomycota, has been known to exhibit outstanding therapeutic effects on the hypertension caused by high blood pressure and inhibitory effects on the sarcoma 180 and Erhrlich carcinoma of mice. As one of preliminary experiments for producing fruiting-body of O. radicata, this study was carried out to obtain the basic information for culture conditions of mycelial growth of the fungus. The optimal temperature and pH for the mycelial growth were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 6, respectively. The medium for favorable mycelial growth of O. radicata was shown in the Lilly medium, whereas compact mycelial density was found in Hamada medium. The carbon and nitrogen sources promoting for mycelial growth of O. radicata were xylose and alanine, respectively. The optimum C/N ratio was about 20 : 1 in case that 3% glucose was supplimented to the basal medium as a carbon source.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2015

A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of red pepper (Capsicum annuum) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum) on seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). The aqueous extracts treatment of red pepper and coriander showed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in root, shoot and seedling length, number of leaves and seedling dry weight of wheat (T. aestivum) as compared to control. The inhibitory different effect on growth of wheat (T. aestivum) was directly proportional to the increasing concentration (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%) of aqueous extracts of red pepper and coriander as compared to control treatment (0%). The root, shoot, seedling length and number of leaves of T. aestivum significantly p < 0.05 decreased at 5% concentration of red pepper as compared to control. The root, shoot and seedling growth of T. aestivum was also significantly reduced at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% concentration of coriander as compared to control. The root, shoot and leaves dry weight of T. aestivum at 5% coriander extract treatment concentration decreased as compared to control. The tolerance in seedlings of T. aestivum to red pepper and coriander extract treatment was dose dependent as compared to control. The seedlings of T. aestivum showed low percentage of tolerance to pepper extract treatment than coriander extract treatment.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.42.1-42.10
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• 2016

The objectives of this study were to identify the histamine-forming bacteria and bacteriocin- producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Myeolchi-jeot according to sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the bacteriocin on the growth and histamine accumulation of histamine-forming bacteria, and to assess the physico-chemical properties of the bacteriocin. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, histamine-forming bacteria were identified as Bacillus licheniformis MCH01, Serratia marcescens MCH02, Staphylococcus xylosus MCH03, Aeromonas hydrophila MCH04, and Morganella morganii MCH05. The five LAB strains identified as Pediococcus acidilactici MCL11, Leuconostoc mesenteroides MCL12, Enterococcus faecium MCL13, Lactobacillus sakei MCL14, and Lactobacillus acidophilus MCL15 were found to produce an antibacterial compound with inhibitory activity against the tested histamine-producing bacteria. The inhibitory activity of these bacteriocins obtained from the five LAB remained stable after incubation at pH 4.0-8.0 and heating for 10 min at $80^{\circ}C$; however, the bacteriocin activity was destroyed after treatment with papain, pepsin, proteinase K, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin, or trypsin. Meanwhile, these bacteriocins produced by the tested LAB strains also exhibited histamine-degradation ability. Therefore, these antimicrobial substances may play a role in inhibiting histamine formation in the fermented fish products and preventing seafood-related food-borne disease caused by bacterially generated histamine.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.96-118
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• 2003

The effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract, known as depigmenting agent, on melanin biosynthesis was investigated in cellular level by using B16 mouse melanoma cells. The inhibitory effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract on melanogenesis was determined by mushroom tyrosinase assay traditionally using in vitro screening test. To determine whether Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract suppress melanin synthesis in cellular level, B16 mouse melanoma cells were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract. Effects on cell proliferation, melanin biosynthesis, tyrosinase activity, DOPAchrome tautomerase activity, and expression level of mRNA for tyrosinase were examined. The maximum concentration of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract that was not inhibitory to growth of the cells was 2 mgml. At that concentration, melanin synthesis was significantly inhibited without cytotoxicity after 5 days, compared with untreated cells. The treatment with Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract reduced tyrosinase and DOPAchrome tautomerase activity in a dose-dependent manner. However, the treatment with Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract did not affect significantly mRNA levels for tyrosinase. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract on melanogenesis is correlated with the suppression of tyrosinase and DOPAchrome tautomerase activity more than altering mRNA levels of tyrosinase.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.261-269
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• 2012

본 연구에서 18종의 한약재추출물을 제조하여 병원성세균에 대한 한약재의 항균활성을 측정하였다. 오배자, 오미자 및 소목 메탄올 추출물은 대부분 균주에 대해 5 mg/mL 수준에서 항균활성을 나타냈으나 15여 종의 한약재추출물들은 30 mg/mL 수준에서 항균활성을 나타냈다. 오배자의 S. epidermidis와 Bor. bronchiseptica에 대한 최소저해농도는 0.6 mg/mL로 나타났다. 우수한 항균활성이 확인된 오배자, 소목, 오미자, 황금을 대상으로 극성이 다른 5가지 용매로 순차 분획하여 항균활성을 검토한 결과 대부분의 균주에서 EtOAc층이 다른 분획층에 비해 성장억제효과가 높게 나타났다. 항균력이 우수한 한약재추출물의 미생물 증식억제 효과를 조사하기 위해 증식배지에 0, 100, 300 및 500 ppm의 메탄올 추출물을 첨가하였다. 한약재 추출물을 첨가하지 않은 대조구에서는 12시간 이후 급격한 균의 성장을 나타내고 있으나 오배자와 소목추출물의 첨가 농도가 높을수록 그람 양성균인 S. aureus, S. epidermidis 및 L. monocytogenes는 뚜렷한 억제효과를 나타냈다. 오배자추출물은 그람음성균인 Sal. Pullorum과 Sal. Choleraesuis의 성장을 저해하였고 Bor. bronchiseptica, E. coli serotype $O_8$은 오배자와 소목추출물은 낮은 농도에서 성장이 다소 저해되었음을 보여주었고, 추출물의 농도가 높을수록 균의 성장이 강하게 억제되었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.414-420
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• 2015

Antifungal activities of crude extractum of Nanshancha Seed Cake (NSC), to inactivate postharvest pathogens were investigated. Highest inhibitory rate was found against C. musae, C. gloeosporioides and C. papaya P.Henn, which was much stronger than that by tea saponin. Compared to tea saponin, effects of NSC extractum was relatively weak and similar on C. gloeosporioides Penzig and P. italicum. In an in vivo study, best controlling effects by NSC extractum was found with banana anthracnose disease development, which showed no inhibitory effects by tea saponin. NSC extractum controlled in vitro C. musae growth through directly inhibiting germination rate and germ tube elongation, and causing distortation, rupture and indentation of C. musae mycelium. In banana fruit subject to C. musae inoculation, higher PAL, POD, GLU and CHT activity was observed in banana fruit treated with crude NSC extractum than that of water control fruits. Current study proved the best controlling effects of crude NSC extractum in C. musae in vitro and in vivo development, which through direct inhibition of C. musae growth and increasing defense system of the banana fruit.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.188-192
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• 2002

소염효과를 나타내는 생약 15종을 선별하여 이들 생약 추출물이 Chloropromazine에 의한 UVB 광독성에 미치는 영향을 in vitro 실험법 중 Candida albicans test, RBC photohemolysis, MTT assay에 의한 cytotoxicity 측정법의 방법을 이용하여 조사하였다. Candidal albicans teat에 의해 광독성의 광량 및 화학물질 의존성을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 광독성 억제 효과를 검색하기에 적당한 UVB조사량 및 CPZ농도는 2.1 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 0.6mg인 것으로 생각되었다. Candida albicans test에 의해 CPZ에 의한 UVB 광독성에는 P. persica, E. officinalis가 억제효과를 보임을 알 수 있었으며, RBC photohemolysis 결과 모든 생약시료들에 대해 hemolysis가 감소되었으며, 특히, Yeast, P. suffruticosa에 의한 % hemolysis는 34.42$\pm$1.01, 35.30$\pm$4.7로 유의성 있는 억제효과를 나타냄을 관찰할 수 있었다. MTT assay에 의한 cytotoxicity 측정 결과, UVB 조사에 이하여 세포생존율은 감소되었고, 시료처리시 세포생존율은 증가됨을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2003

Selective COX (cyclooxygenase)-2 inhibitors including celecoxib have been shown to induce apoptosis and cell cycle changes in various tumor cells. New inhibitors are recently being developed as chemomodulating agents. We evaluated celecoxib and screened 150 synthetic compounds for anti-proliferative activities in vitro. Effects of celecoxib on COX activity, cell growth, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis induction were determined in A549 COX-2 overexpressing human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. The COX inhibition of celecoxib increased with concentration up to 82% at $1\;{\mu}M$ after 24 hr exposure. Forty ${\mu}M$ and $50\;{\mu}M$ of ce1ecoxib induced $G_1$ arrest, and TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, respectively. Among 150 compounds, several compounds were selected for having greater COX-2 inhibitory activity and higher selectivity than celecoxib with growth inhibitory activity. Celecoxib showed concentration-dependent COX inhibitory activity, and ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human NSCLC cells in vitro. Among synthetic analogues screened, several compounds showed promising in vitro activity as COX-2 inhibitory anticancer agents, which warrant further evaluation in vitro and in vivo.