• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.113-130
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• 2021

Recently, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys have been actively employed to obtain a large amount of data on occurrences such as ground subsidence and road safety. However, considering the cost and time efficiency, more intuitive and accurate interpretation methods are required, as interpreting a whole survey data set is a cost-intensive process. For this purpose, GPR data can be subjected to attribute analysis, which allows quantitative interpretation. Among the seismic attributes that have been widely used in the field of exploration, complex trace analysis and similarity are the most suitable methods for analyzing GPR data. Further, recently proposed attributes such as edge detecting and texture attributes are also effective for GPR data analysis because of the advances in image processing. In this paper, as a reference for research on the attribute analysis of GPR data, we introduce the useful attributes for GPR data and describe their concepts. Further, we present an analysis of the interpretation methods based on the attribute analysis and past cases.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.261-268
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• 2022

Purpose: In the case of cavity discovered by ground penetrating radar exploration, it is necessary to accurately predict the filling amount in the cavity in advance, fill the cavity sufficiently and exert strength to ensure stability and prevent ground subsidence. Method: The cavity waveform analysis method by GPR exploration and the method using the cavity shape imaging equipment were performed to measure the cavity shape with irregular size and shape of the actual cavity, and the amount of cavity filling of the injection material was calculated during rapid restoration. Results: The expected filling amount was presented by analyzing the correlation between the cavity size and the filling amount of injection material according to the cavity scale and soil depth through the method by GPR exploration and the cavity scale calculation using the cavity shaping equipment. Conclusion: The cavity scale measured by the cavity imaging equipment was found to be in the range of 20% to 40% of the cavity scale by GPR exploration. In addition, the filling amount of injection material compared to the cavity scale predicted by GPR exploration was in the range of about 60% to 140%, and the filling amount of the injection material compared to the cavity size by the cavity shaping equipment was confirmed to be about 260% to 320%.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.189-200
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• 2022

Ground subsidence on urban roads is a social issue that can lead to human and property damages. Therefore, it is crucial to detect underground cavities in advance and repair them. Underground cavity detection is mainly performed using ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys. This process is time-consuming, as a massive amount of GPR data needs to be interpreted, and the results vary depending on the skills and subjectivity of experts. To address these problems, researchers have studied automation and quantification techniques for GPR data interpretation, and recent studies have focused on deep learning-based interpretation techniques. In this study, we described a hyperbolic event detection process based on deep learning for GPR data interpretation. To demonstrate this process, we implemented a series of algorithms introduced in the preexisting research step by step. First, a deep learning-based YOLOv3 object detection model was applied to automatically detect hyperbolic signals. Subsequently, only hyperbolic signals were extracted using the column-connection clustering (C3) algorithm. Finally, the horizontal locations of the underground cavities were determined using regression analysis. The hyperbolic event detection using the YOLOv3 object detection technique achieved 84% precision and a recall score of 92% based on AP50. The predicted horizontal locations of the four underground cavities were approximately 0.12 ~ 0.36 m away from their actual locations. Thus, we confirmed that the existing deep learning-based interpretation technique is reliable with regard to detecting the hyperbolic patterns indicating underground cavities.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.554-560
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• 2017

Accurate altimetry is required for the reliable flight control of drones or unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), and the radar altimeter is commonly used owing to its accuracy for the ground level. Due to the limitation for size, weight and power consumption, the frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is appropriate for drone because it has lower complexity than that of pulse Doppler (PD) radar. Especially, fast-ramp FMCW radar, which transmits linear FM signal during very short period, is generally utilized, because it is robust for the ego-motion of drone. Therefore, we present the design and implementation results of the radar signal processor (RSP) for fast-ramp FMCW radar system. The proposed RSP was designed with Verilog-HDL and implemented with Altera Cyclone-IV FPGA device. Implementation results show that the proposed RSP includes 27,523 logic elements, 15,798 registers and memory of 138Kbits and can measure the altimeter at the rate of 100Hz with the operating frequency of 50MHz.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.10
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• pp.867-878
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• 2014

Due to the nature of weather radar, blank areas occur due to impediments to observation, such as the ground clutter. Radar beam blockages have resulted in the underestimation rainfall amounts. To overcome these limitations, this study developed the Hybrid Scan Reflectivity (HSR) technique and compared the HSR results with existing methods. As a result, the HSR technique was able to estimate rainfalls in areas from which no reflectivity information was observable using existing methods. In case of estimating rainfalls depending on reflectivity scan techniques and beam-blockage/non beam-blockage, the HSR accuracy is superior. Furthermore, rainfall amounts derived from each method was inputted to the HEC-HMS to examine the accuracy of the flood simulations. The accuracy of the results using the HSR technique in contrast to the RAR calculation system and M-P relation was improved by 7% and 10%(based on correlation coefficients), and 18% and 34%(based on Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency), on average, respectively. Therefore, it is advised that the HSR technique be utilized in the hydrology field to estimate flood discharge more accurately.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.8 s.111
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• pp.773-787
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• 2006

An airborne radar is an essential aviation electronic system for the aircraft to perform various civil and/or military missions in all weather environments. This paper presents the design, development, and test results of the multi-mode X-band pulsed Doppler radar system test model for helicopter-borne flight test. This radar system consists of 4 LRUs(Line-Replacement Unit), which include antenna unit, transmitter and receiver unit, radar signal & data processing unit and display Unit. The developed core technologies include the planar array antenna, TWTA transmitter, coherent I/Q detector, digital pulse compression, MTI, DSP based Doppler FFT filter, adaptive CFAR, moving clutter compensation, platform motion stabilizer, and tracking capability. The design performance of the developed radar system is verified through various ground fixed and moving vehicle test as well as helicopter-borne field tests including MTD(Moving Target Detector) capability for the Doppler compensation due to the moving platform motion.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.159-162
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• 2017

Along with the popular use of commercial drones, there are increased concerns on the possible threats from drones intruding into secured areas. The difficulty of drone detection is attributed to its stealthy operation flying at low altitude with low level signature. Consequently, the anti-drone technique has been of major research topic in recent years and among others, the radar detection is considered as the most promising technique. However, the use of conventional radar detection may not be effective due to the low level radar cross sections of the commercial drones. In this paper, ISAR technique has been employed to implement drone detection in urban area. To this purpose, a pulsed radar system is set up on the ground to track flying drones and the corresponding ISAR images are produced by coherent processing.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2021

For conventional AESA radars, DC-DC power modules using 300 Vdc have low efficiency, high volume, heavy weight, and high price, which have problems in modularity with T/R module groups. In this paper, to improve these problems, we propose a distributed DC-DC power module with high-voltage 800 Vdc and high-efficiency Step-down Converter. In particular, power requirements for modern and future marine weapons systems and sensors are rapidly evolving into high-energy and high-voltage power systems. The power distribution of the next generation Navy AESA radar antenna is under development with 1000 Vdc. In this paper, the proposed highvoltage, high-efficiency DC-DC power modules increase space(size), weight, power and cooling(SWaP-C) margins, reduce integration costs/risk, and reduce maintenance costs. Reduced system weight and higher reliability are achieved in navy and ground AESA systems. In addition, the proposed architecture will be easier to scale with larger shipboard radars and applicable to other platforms.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2023

The tracking radar system is installed and operated on the ground, ships, and aircraft, and requires a design to withstand electromagnetic interference with nearby electronic devices. In this case, radiation and immunity standards for cable connection must be satisfied to prevent malfunction of other equipment due to electromagnetic wave interference caused by cables connected to the tracking radar. The radiation standard must also be satisfied so that the electromagnetic wave noise generated and radiated from the tracking radar does not affect the peripheral device, so that the immunity standard for the electromagnetic wave emitted from the peripheral device must be satisfied. In this paper, we propose a design to satisfy MIL-STD-461G including CE, CS, RE, and RS, and explain design satisfaction through tests.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1948-1952
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 레이더 강우의 지상보정(ground-truth)을 위해 사용가능한 기상청(KMA), AWS 및 건설교통부(MOCT) 강우자료를 다양한 지상보정 설계에 적용하여 비교 평가하였다. 본 연구에서는 동일 기간의 KMA, MOCT, AWS의 우량계 자료와 관악산 레이더 강우자료를 이용하였으며, 각각 두 관측방법사이의 차이(오차)를 편의(bias)의 유무 및 크기의 관점에서 평가하였다. 추가로 호우 사상의 특성에 따른 차이도 함께 검토하였다. 그 적용 결과 지상우량계 자료별 편의의 차이는 확연하게 부각되지는 않았으나, 통계 특성치에서는 어느 정도의 차이가 존재함을 확인하였다. 전체적으로 보면 MOCT 우량계 자료를 이용하는 경우가 다른 강우자료를 이용하는 경우에 비해 편의의 규모가 제일 작은 것으로 확인되었다. 호우 사상별로는 강우의 공간적 간헐성이 가장 큰 장마 기간의 경우가 태풍이나 대류성 강우에 비해 설계편의가 작게 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다.