• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 2002

The bark of P. alba × glandulosa, P. euramericana and P. nigra × maximounczii F₁, several Populus trees, were collected, extracted with acetone-H₂O(7:3, v/v), fractionated with hexane, chloroform and ethylacetate, and freeze dried to give some dark brown powder. Each fraction of the powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol and ethanol-hexane mixture as eluents and then identified by thin layer chromatography using TBA and 6% acetic acid as developing solvents. The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by ¹H, ¹³C and 2D-NMR tools including mass spectrometry. Most of the compounds were flavonoids and salicin derivatives as follows: (+)-catechin, taxifolin, aromadendrin, eriodictyol, naringenin, sakuranetin, sakuranetin-5-O-𝛽-D-glucopyranoside, neosaturanin, salireposide, p-coumaric acid, and aesculin from P. alba × glandulosa, (+)-catechin, salireposide, populoside and salicortin from P. euramericana and (+)-catechin, quercetin, padmatin, salireposide, populoside and salicortin from P. nigra × maximounczii F₁.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.150-154
• /
• 2005

The radical scavenging effect of the MeOH extract of Fraxini Cortex on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical was examined. The $CH_2Cl_2$-and n-BuOH-soluble fractions of MeOH extract showed the promising DPPH radical scavenging effects, and further purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and reversed-phase C-18 MPLC to yield five coumarins, esculetin (1), fraxidin (2), fraxetin (3), fraxidin $8-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (fraxin methyl ether) (5), esculin (6), and a secoiridoid oleuropein (4), and a coumarin-secoiridoid escuside (7). Compounds 1, 3, and 4 showed potent DPPH radical scavenging effects, exhibiting $IC_{50}$ values of 14.68, 9.64, and $22.03\;{\mu}M$, respectively. Compounds 6 and 7 also showed moderate effects with $IC_{50}$ values of 147.79 and $72.73\;{\mu}M$, respectively. L-Ascorbic acid was used as a positive control and exhibited the $IC_{50}$ value of $50.31\;{\mu}M$.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.119-122
• /
• 2005

In the course of searching for hepatoprotective agents from natural products, four compounds were isolated from the MeOH extract of Sanguisorbae Radix, as guided by their DPPH free radical scavenging activity. The structures were determined as 4,5-dimethoxy-3-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (1), (+)-gallocatechin (2), methyl $6-O-galloyl-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (3), and pomolic acid $3-O-[{\alpha}-L-arabinopyranoside]-28-O-[{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl]$ ester (ziyu-glycoside I) (4). Compounds 2 and 3 showed significant DPPH free radical scavenging effects, exhibiting $IC_{50}$ values of 11.4 and $13.0\;{\mu}M$, respectively. L-Ascorbic acid was used as a positive control and exhibited the $IC_{50}$ value of $50.3\;{\mu}M$. In evaluation of the hepatoprotective activity of the isolated compounds on drug-induced cytotoxicity, compound 2 showed the significant hepatoprotective effect with the $EC_{50}$ value of $91.84\;{\pm}\;11.0\;{\mu}M$ on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells, while silybin, a positive control, exhibited $EC_{50}$ value of $122.4\;{\pm}\;12.5\;{\mu}M$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.579-584
• /
• 2008

A commercial chromogenic agar medium (DFI) was supplemented with glucose (mDFI) to enhance the specificity of Enterobacter sakazakii (E. sakazakit) detection. Escherichia vulneris (E. vulneris), a putative false-positive strain on the DFI medium, produces ${\alpha}$-glucosidase. The enzyme ${\alpha}$-glucosidase hydrolyzes a substrate, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-${\alpha}$, D-glucopyranoside $(X{\alpha}Glc)$, producing green colonies. E. sakazakii strains produced green colonies on both DFI and mDFI agar, whereas E. vulneris produced green colonies on DFI agar but small white colonies on mDFI agar. E. sakazakii and E. vulneris were also readily differentiated by colony color when the mixed culture of the two strains was plated on mDFI agar and incubated for 24 h at $37^{\circ}C$. The results indicate that the selectivity of the commercial chromogenic agar medium could be improved by a simple supplementation with glucose.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.368-371
• /
• 2013

Five phenolic compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Juncus diastrophanthus (Juncaceae) through repeated column chromatography. Their chemical structures were elucidated as methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinate (1), luteolin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (2), methyl 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinate (3), quercetin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-arabinopyranoside (4), and methyl 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinate (5) by spectroscopic techniques. These compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.143-149
• /
• 1999

The phytochemical studies of the leaves of Caragana chamlagu were carried out as a sieries of the investigation of medicinal resources. The roots of Caragana chamlagu have been used as neuralgia, arthritis and migraine in the folk medicines of Korea. The methanolic extract of the leaves of Caragana chamlagu was suspended with water and then separated with chloroform. Compound I was isolated from precipitates of these water fraction by recrystalization. The aqueous fraction of MeOH extract was performed to column chromatography on Amberlite XAD-4 and Sephadex LH-20, and three compounds, compound II, compound III, and compound IV were isolated. The structures of the four compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data of $^1H-NMR$, ^{13}C-NMR$, IR, and FAB-MS. Compound I-IV were tilianine ($acacetin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glycopyranoside$), rutin($quercetin-3-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosy(1{\rightarrow}6)-{\beta}-D-glu-copyranoside$), $kaempferol-3-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}6)-{\beta}-D-galactopyranoside$, and apigetrin, ($apigenin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glycopyranoside$), respectively.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.44-52
• /
• 2002

Recently there has been a growing interest in the use of natural dyes in textile applications. Natural dyes can exhibit better biodegradability and generally have a higher compatibility with the environment. In this study, the colorants of Catalpa ovata bark were extracted with water and analyzed by spectrophotometry for their main colorant species. Cotton, silk and wool fabrics have been dyed with aqueous extract of Catalpa ovata bark and their dyeabilities on the fibers were studied. Additionally the fastness to washing, drycleaning and light, and the effects on bacteriostatic rate and UV-B protection rate were also investigated. The major colorant of the extract of Catalpa ovata bark was shown to be 6-O-trans-caffeoyl-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside. Cotton, silk and wool fabrics dyed with the extract of Catnip ovata bark were colored in yellowish red tint. The optimum dyeing condition of the colorants extracted from Catalp ovata bark was three repeated dyeing at $95^\circ{C}$ for 1 hr using post mordanting. For dyed silk and wool fabric, the fastness to washing were improved by mordanting, and the fastness to drycleaning were very outstanding. In case of wool fabric dyed with the extract of Catalpa ovata bark, the bacteriostatic rate was increased drastically by 98.0%, and UV-B protection rate was increased by 97.3%.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.119-123
• /
• 2005

In the courses of in vitro screening for the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of the various extracts from medicinal plants, n-BuOH soluble extract of the seeds of Xanthium strumarium was found to exhibit distinctive angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation and purification of the n-BuOH soluble extract of the seeds of Xanthium strumarium afforded a new $xanthiazone-11-{\beta}-glucopyranoside$. The ACE activity was significantly inhibited by the addition of a new $xanthiazone-11-{\beta}-glucopyranosidein$ a dose-dependent manner of which $IC_{50}$ value was $21.8\;{\mu}g/ml$.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.830-836
• /
• 2011

The leaf of mulberry (Morus alba L) has long been used in Oriental medicine for the prevention or treatment of several diseases. However, little is known about the inhibitory effects of a single compound isolated from the mulberry leaves on inflammatory response. We are isolate a single compound of quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) and astragalin (kaempferol-3-O-glucopyranoside) from the mulberry leaves, and then investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin, astragalin or quercetin plus astragalin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages. Each compound suppressed the production of inflammatory mediators (NO, $PGE_2$ and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Especially, the cotreatment of quercetin (2.5 ${\mu}M$) and astragalin (2.5 ${\mu}M$) markedly suppressed the production and the expression of inflammatory mediators. These suppressive effects were synergistically increased by their combination. These results suggest that the combination of quercetin and astragalin from the mulberry leaves may be useful for therapeutic drugs against inflammatory immune diseases, probably by suppressing the production of inflammatory mediators.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.35 no.2 s.137
• /
• pp.171-174
• /
• 2004

In order to examine the anti-ohyul (anti-inflammatory) activity of rhubarb, we investigated the effects of stilbene derivatives obtained from rhizomes of Rheum undulatum on the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats. Administration of stilbene aglycon (rhapontigenin) at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg exhibited the anti- edema effect in dose dependent manner and stilbene glycosides $(rhaponticin,\;piceatannol-3'-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside)$ at a dose of 100 mg/kg also showed inhibitory effect on the carrageenan-induced edema. These inhibitory effects may ascribed, at least in part, to the anti-ohyul activity of rhubarb.