• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.161-175
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• 2013

The paradigm of agricultural and rural policies has shifted from food production and profitability to the competitiveness of rural areas through the discovery, grants and use of the agricultural and rural resources' potential value. This study aims to discover the value of the agriculture and rural resources and intend to offer the method for discovering resources and its value as the agricultural heritage. To this end, the functions and values of the agricultural and rural resource, the criteria and procedure of Globally and Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage System which is leading institutions were investigated. The policy implications were proposed in the process and series of steps of discovery and evaluation of the pluralistic value of the agriculture and rural resources and agricultural heritage designation and management.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

The value of Jeju Batdam has been reexamined as it is listed as a nationally important agricultural heritage and globally important agricultural heritage systems. However, it is already exposed to threats such as reduction of agricultural population and cultivation area. Despite efforts like the agricultural heritage system to preserve traditional agriculture, there is few basic investigation into the current status of Jeju Batdam. The purpose of this study is to estimate the length of Jeju Batdam. We used the continuous cadastral map of Jeju area to extract the boundaries of the field lot. In the cadastral map, the farmland was selected by selecting dry fields, paddy fields and orchards. 300 sample site were selected from the extracted farmland, and the boundaries between the Internet map and the parcels were superimposed and the differences were confirmed on the drawing. After that, field survey was conducted to confirm the boundary of the parcels and the existence of actual Batdam. It is estimated that the length estimated from this study is at least 23,983km and maximum 142,353km, which is at least 1,830km longer than 22,108km announced in 2007. Since Jeju Batdam is based on land parcel boundary, it is an objective and efficient method to utilize intellectual information. In addition, because it is subordinate to farmland, new information can be extracted reflecting the change of land use and make the spatial database based on the cadastral maps.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.6
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• pp.105-115
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• 2024

Wild ginseng, grown in undisturbed forest environments, has been maintained for centuriesthrough human intervention and knowledge, leading to the development of current ginseng agriculture. The practice of ginseng farming has long been established in various regions of Korea. However, the ginseng farming specifically in Geumsan was recognized as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2018. This designation was granted after a thorough evaluation, which confirmed that Geumsan's ginseng farming met the necessary criteria, including historical importance, traditional knowledge system, agrobiodiversity, and agricultural landscape. Traditional ginseng farming in Geumsan practices the 'rotating agriculture system', a sustainable land use approach that has been developed over several cycles of long duration (10-15 years). It contains the knowledge to choose locations for cultivation that prioritize the direction of sunlight and wind circulation. Furthermore, it received significant recognition for its agricultural heritage value based on its maintenance of several traditional knowledge systems, including ancestral wisdom and knowledge regarding pre-planting field management techniques. As of December 2023, there are currently 86 locations in 26 nations that have been designated as GIAHS. Among these sites, Geumsan stands out as the first and only site in the world specifically recognized for the cultivation of ginseng crops. This historical record serves as a significant reminder of Korea's prominent position as a major producer of ginseng on a global level. This article first provides an overview of the concept of agricultural heritage, the designation criteria, and the status of the designation. It then identifies, among the GIAHS designation criteria, the agricultural heritage value of traditional ginseng farming in the Geumsan region from the perspective of local traditional knowledge systems.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.64-74
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• 2020

The significance of Boseong Tea Agriculture System lies in its harmonious coexistence with the surrounding environment, producing high quality teas and maintaining its biodiversity. Boseong Tea Agriculture System has been inscribed as Korea's Important Agricultural Heritage System (KIAHS) in 2018, but the Aging Society of tea farmers is threatening the conservation and succession of tea farming of the region. The study suggests designation of Boseong Tea Agriculture System as one of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS), objecting conservation and succession of Boseong Tea Agriculture System. The study has reviewed GIAHS, KIAHS, Boseong Tea Agriculture System and surveyed tea farmers of Boseong for 3 months from March to May, 2020. The survey method includes face to face interview, phone interview (ones couldn't be reached for face to face interview) and in-depth interview of community leaders and experts, verifying the Aging Society status in Boseong tea agricultural industry. The survey result includes the following. Average age of Boseong tea farmers is 69.4 years old. Family tea-farming over two generation is 36% (54 household), and 79.4% (119 household) depends on 90% of income from tea production. The in-depth interview shows the aging tea farming society is most serious concern of tea farmers and GIAHS designation will support reliability and recognition of Boseong tea, helping conservation and succession of Boseong Tea Agriculture System. GIAHS designation will enhance and share the value of Boseong Tea Agriculture worldwide and be able to inherit the heritage for our future generation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.98-107
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• 2017

The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs of Korea(MAFRA) has launched 'The Korea's Important Agricultural Heritage System(KIAHS)' in 2012 to conserve the regional heritages of agriculture and its significance. The effort has achieved in designation of seven KIAHS and two Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System(GIAHS). The policy environment has evolved a great deal since the launch of KIAHS. The study has evaluated the current policy condition of KIAHS and analyzed the shift on the KIAHS policy environment. The study has concluded the policy environmental changes as follows; insufficient Agricultural Heritage(AH) resource development, intensified interests in AH monitoring system, anticipated rural developments thru AH utilizations, under-budgeted AH conservation and management measures. The study has suggested the following based on the evaluation; establishment of AH Conservation and Management System as the conservation and management policy of AH, ease the designation standards for AH, obliged monitoring system for AH, developing AH brand, budget increase for AH conservation and management system. The suggest policy will successfully assist the further development and designation of AH. Farmers in AH area can maintain farm activities thru the conservation, management and utilization of AH, inheriting the important agricultural heritage for the future generation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.110-118
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• 2016

The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has established the Globally Important Agriculture Heritage Site in 2002, designating the Agricultural Heritages with global value, and carries forward conservation and management. In Korea, the Agricultural Heritage system was adopted to conserve and manage the valuable resources of agricultural space in 2012. Although, the interest in the Agricultural Heritage has been developed, the valuation standards for unique value of the Korea Agricultural Heritage has not been yet established, so discovery and designation of the Agricultural Heritage are at a standstill. Meanwhile, a study from the conceptual viewpoint of the Agricultural Heritage, resources investigation for discovery of the Agricultural Heritage, index development, and a study for conservation and management methods through sightseeing are focused, and a study for the valuation standards about the Korea Agricultural Heritage are not focused. Therefore, the study has analyzed a value of the Korea Agricultural Heritage, and suggested the standards of evaluation a value of the Agricultural Heritage rightly. This study suggested the valuation standards of the Korea Agricultural Heritage used in discovery and designation of the Agricultural Heritage, so prepared a base to conduct the valuation considering the characteristics of the Agricultural Heritage. Such standards will contribute to conservation and management of the Agricultural Heritage in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.76-88
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to derive landscape characteristic elements of agricultural and fishery heritage and to classify landscape characteristic elements of Cheongsando designated as Korean agricultural and fishery heritage No.1 as well as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS). Additionally, this study was conducted to suggest priority for conservation and management of Cheongsando by grasping differences between factors which visitors deem as important and satisfying. To implement this study, the literature review was written, an on-site survey to derive landscape characteristic elements of Cheongsando and a survey on importance and satisfaction of landscape characteristic elements of Cheongsando were conducted, and reliability analysis, descriptive statistical analysis and IPA analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0. The results are as follows: The analysis showed the factors requiring persistent efforts in the first quadrant are the rape flower garden, the sea, green barley field, flat stone paddy field, breakwater and lighthouse, abalone farms, stone houses, thatched houses, a coastal road, the slow road, Stonewall Walkway of Seongseo Village, and residents' agricultural behaviors. The analysis showed the factors needing intensive management strategies in the second quadrant are the surrounding mountain area, dock, Docheong Harbor, vessels, fish market, Doksari stone wall, garish-roofed farm villages, excursion school to a slow island, pension and cafe, bus stop, shade trees, Raw Fish Street, the beach and the filming site. Analysis indicated that the factors needing management control in the third quadrant are the pine grove, the beach, tidal mudflat, the garlic fields, vinyl greenhouses, grain drying yard, sea mustard drying yard, heritage center, Choboon, Dangri exorcism, the market place, residents' fishery behaviors, residents' industrial behaviors, residents' ordinary behaviors, visitors' behaviors that visiting the dock, visitors' behaviors that walking the slow road, visitors' behaviors that eating and shopping for specialties, visitors' behaviors that experiencing agriculture and fishery. Excessive effort factors in the fourth quadrant were not derived.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.134-143
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• 2017

It has been 15 years since Jeju Island first was designated as one of UNESCO Biosphere Reserve areas. Jeju currently holds 5 UNESCO designations and the UNFAO Globally Important Agricultural Heritage (GIAHS). The 5 UNESCO global heritages that Jeju honors are the World Natural Heritage, Biosphere Reserve, Global Geoparks Network, Chilmeoridanggut Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) and JejuHaenyeo ICH. The UNFAO GIAHS that Jeju honors is Jeju Batdam Agricultural Heritage System. Those global titles are highly valued and recognized for environmental preservation and those global designations have attracted more visitors to the island. It is essential to see if Jeju global level heritages are recognized as they deserve attentions from home and abroad yet no holistic analysis on those 6 global level designations as a whole has been progressed to see the perception level among residents and visitors. The study aims to see the perception level of Jeju global Heritages, impact of global recognitions and the channels of the perception level. UNESCO World Natural Heritage and Haenyeo ICH have showed the highest perception level due to designation process and the amount of promotion by the managing division of Jeju municipality. The routine survey as per the result of the study regarding the perception level of those global designations could benefit Jeju tourism direction and help to preserve the island and culture.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.74-86
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to deduce the landscape evaluation indices that can be applied from the preparation for the registration of major national farm/fishery heritages to post-management. For this purpose, the Delphi survey was performed on experts. From August to November in 2014, the primary open survey, secondary open survey, and tertiary closed survey were performed to gather opinions from 28 experts, 25 experts, and 29 experts, respectively. As a result, the landscape evaluation indices for farm/fishery heritage consisted of five areas of evaluation, ten items of evaluation, and 40 indices of evaluation. The areas of evaluation were rurality, authenticity, aesthetics, tourism potentials, and locality. Rurality was classified into rurality of farm/fishery towns and nostalgia. Authenticity was classified into objective authenticity and existential authenticity. Aesthetics was classified into attractiveness and harmony. Tourism potentials were classified into value of resources and value of usability. Locality was divided into physical originality and cultural identity. The study made the following findings: first, the general grounds of farm/fishery landscape evaluation cannot be applied when evaluating the quality of landscapes of farm/fishery heritage, as their value as a cultural heritage should be considered. Second, the new indices valued emotional factors in addition to the physical factors considered by the existing farm/fishery landscapes. The new indices involved a more expanded concept of landscapes as it also considers everyday or temporary activities, including the farm/fishery activities of local people or participation in festivals and experience programs. Third, farm/fishery heritage focuses on the lives of local people, as it involves both the synchronic and the diachronic perspectives to see what is currently visible and what is no longer visible. This brings into consideration not only the farms and the natural environments but also their relationships with the villages, especially the residential areas. Finally, the indices reflected both the farm/fishery heritage's value as cultural heritage and its value for tourism. They derived temporary and dynamic landscapes, including the trading activities of local specialty markets in relation to the production landscapes. However, further studies should be conducted as this study could not rate the relative importance of indices or compare the total scores of landscapes without the weight of each item.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.439-451
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• 2019

This study is about the historical records of anchovy which has fluent nutritions as well as the representative side dish in Korean food culture and life. The formal first record about anchovy is in the Uhaeieobo written by Damjeung in 1803. Another important historical record about anchovy are Hyeonsaneobo(Jasaneobo) written by Jeong Yak-jeon in 1814, and Eomyeonggo(Fish name list) of Nanhoeomogji written by Seo Yu-gu in 1820. The anchovies were used for food in Korea even before the Chosun Dynasty, but they were not noticed by people. Because at that time, fishing tools and instruments such as nets were not developed enough to raise enough catches and food processing technology were not developed. Since then, in the Japanese colonial era, it has been actively developing agricultural fertilizers using anchovies. In addition, the processing technology that can be used as an edible food using anchovy has been rapidly developed. Now, the anchovy industry has very important position in Korea's fisheries industry. Among them, 'Jukbangryum anchovy' catching bamboo weir tool which has been existed for over five hundred years in Namhae province, not only creates great high economic value, but also has cultural value. Therefore, the historical literature study on anchovy can be used as an invaluable resource not only for the study of fishery from an industrial point of view, but also for the registration of world cultural heritage and GIAHS (Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System) of 'Jukbangryum' which is traditional fishery catching instrument in Korea.