• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.287-295
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• 2007

Three phosphorus functional groups were introduced in one structural unit of polymer backbone to enhance the flame retardancy of PU coatings. In the first step, we synthesized tetramethylene bis(orthophosphate) (TBOP) that contained two phosphorus functional groups in one structural unit. In the next step, we synthesized modified polyesters (ATBTP-10C, -20C, -30C) that contained triphosphorus group using TBOP, 1,4-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, adipic acid, and another functional monomer, phenylphosphonic acid (PPA). The amount of PPA in ATBTPs was adjusted from 10 wt% to 30 wt%. The structure and characteristics of ATBTPs were examined using FT-IR, NMR, GPC, and TGA analysis. From the thermo-behavior test of diphosphorus modified polyester (ATBT) and ATBTPs, the afterglow of ATBT, ATBTP-10C, ATBTP-20C, and ATBTP-30C were 24.7, 27.1, 29.0, and 31.7%, respectively. It was found from this result that the afterglow increased with the amount of PPA component.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.85-93
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• 2010

This paper proposes a new dynamic hardware allocation and binding algorithm of a simultaneous allocation and binding for SOC design automation. The proposed algorithm works on scheduled input graph and simultaneously allocates binds functional units, interconnections and registers by considering interdependency between operations and storage elements in each control step, in order to share registers and interconnections connected to functional units, as much as possible. This paper shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by comparing experiments to determine number of function unit in advance or by comparing separated executing allocation and binding of existing system.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.3 s.62
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• pp.93-101
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to propose our direction of long-tenn care facility for elderly. The long-tenn care insurance plays an important role for human well-being. The functional and architectural changes of Japanese elderly care facilities have been analysed in order to predict changes in Korean welfare facilities. In Japan, Unit-care and private rooms are essential elements after reforming welfare facilities for aged. This study proposes components of unit-care through the analysis of 20 facilities for the aged. A unit is basically consist of private rooms, rest room, public living area, kitchen, health care service station, and bath room. Besides, smoking room, tea room, public terrace, guest room, court yard, and so on can be added. A unit can be connected with other unit by semi-public spaces or can be independently organized. This relationship has been classified into 2 types; Open unit type and Separated unit type.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.57-67
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• 2023

Purpose: Recently, the operating unit remodeling compititon has been increasing rapidly in Korea, but there are no design infomation for spatial planning of sterile supply storage. Therefore, the propose of this study is to present area composition of the operating unit after remodeling. Methods: For literature review, the 6 studies and guidelines of operating unit(guidelines in the U.S, Australia, UK and Korea and 2 studies in Korea) conducted surveys and analysis. Room and space composition and zone of operating unit are redefined for this study. For obtaining area, to conduct masuring and calcuating of document of operating unit before and after remodeling in 3 cases. There are some patterns of plan in operaing unit by sterile supply storage. This study derived data for attributes of area composition of sterile supply storage. Results: The results of this study are as follows: First, Reviewing previous studies and Guidelines, for this study the suggested model was 5 zones(Operating zone, Support zone, Patient zone, Staff zone, Circulation zone) and redefined each room and space. Second, For infection control, sterile supply storage was provided to directly accessible to the operating room. Third, According to ralation of operting room and sterile supply storage, there are two types : 'double loaded type' and 'single loded type'. Sterile supply storage shall increase area of ciculation zone. Implications: This study can be used as primary data on remodeling of operating unit. In addition, it suggests that for infect control sterile supply storage is functional area.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9549-9553
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• 2014

Background: Cancer affects patients in many ways including physical, social, emotional, psychological and economic and restricts the functional lives. Psychiatric problems seen among cancer patients may increase the suicide probability and patients perceive suicide as a peaceful death type. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between functional life and suicide probability among cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with 105 cancer patients as descriptive. The Functional Living Index_Cancer (FLIC)," suicide probability scale" (SPS) and personal information form were used as data collecting tools. Data were evaluated by descriptive analysis, and Pearson's correlation. Results: It was determined that 34.3% of patients thought of suicide. Significant negative correlation was found between functional life and suicide probability (r=-.641, p=0.000), increase being evident in those with poor functional life. Conclusions: It is recommended that cancer patients should be supported for improving their functional lives with help in coping processes for illness and treatment symptoms. Evaluation of the patient mental status to prevent the suicide among this group is an important role for nurses.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.1B
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• pp.86-92
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a novel hardware MPI(Message Passing Interface) unit which supports message passing in multiprocessor system which use distributed memory architecture. MPI Hardware unit processes data synchronization, transmission and completion, and it supports processor non-blocking operation so it reduces overhead according to synchronization. Additionally, MPI hardware unit combines ready entry, request entry, reserve entry which save and manage the synchronized messages and performs the multiple outstanding issue and out of order completion. According to BFM(Bus Functional Model) simulation result, the performance is increased by 25% on many to many communication. After we designed MPI unit using HDL, with synopsys design compiler we synthesized, and for synthesis library we used MagnaChip $0.18{\mu}m$. And then we making prototype chip. The proposed message transmission interface hardware shows high performance for its increase in size. Thus, as we consider low-cost design and scalability, MPI hardware unit is useful in increasing overall performance of embedded MPSoC(Multi-Processor System-on-Chip).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.125-128
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• 2001

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.56-70
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• 2010

Rendering technique generating 2 dimensional image to give reality and high performance graphical processor for efficient processing of massive data are necessary to support realistic 3 dimensional graphical image. Recently, graphical hardwares have evolved rapidly. This enables high quality rendering effect that we were unable to process in realtime. Improving shading technique enabled us to render realistic images but still much time is required for this process. Multiple operational units are being integrated in a graphical processor for effective floating point operation using massive data to process almost real looking images. In this paper, we have designed and implemented a special functional unit to support high quality 3 dimensional computer graphic image on programmable integrated shader processor. We have done evaluation through functional level simulation of designed special functional unit. Hardware resource usage rate and execution speed are measured implementing directly on FPGA Virtex-4(xc4vlx200).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.24
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• pp.10887-10891
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• 2015

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a well known major cause of gastric cancer and even when asymptomatic infected patients are at elevated risk. Functional dyspepsia (FD) is also one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases, which greatly impacts the quality of life. H. pylori infection and psychosocial stress are frequently associated with FD but limited studies have confirmed the relationships, especially in Southeast Asian countries. Here we aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of H. pylori infection, anxiety and depression on Thai FD patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center in Thailand, during February 2013-January 2014. All FD patients were diagnosed and categorized by Rome III criteria into epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) and postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) groups. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to evaluate psychological status. The presence of H. pylori was defined as positive with H. pylori culture, positive rapid urease test or positive histology. Results: Three hundred FD patients were included, 174 (58%) female. Overall mean age was 54.8+15.1 years. There were 192 (64%) patients with PDS and 108 (36%) with EPS. H. pylori infection was demonstrated in 70 (23.3%) patients. Anxiety and depression were documented in 69 (23%) and 22 (7.3%), respectively. H. pylori infection, anxiety and depression were significantly higher in PDS than EPS patients (27.1% vs 16.7%; p=0.04; OR=1.86; 95%CI=1.01-3.53 and 29.7% vs 11.1%; p=0.0002; OR=3.4; 95%CI=1.7-7.1 and 10.4% vs 1.9%; p=0.006; OR=6.2; 95%CI=1.4-38.9, respectively). Conclusions: H. pylori infection, anxiety and depression were commonly found in Thai FD patients and more prevalent in PDS than EPS. H. pylori eradication might be the key to success for the treatment of Thai FD patients and prevent the development of gastric cancer.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.3399-3404
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• 2013

A new accepter unit, pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2,5-dione, was prepared and utilized for the synthesis of the conjugated polymers containing electron donor-acceptor pair for OPVs. Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2,5-dione unit, regioisomer of the known pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione, is originated from the structure of stable synthetic pigment. The new conjugated polymers with 1,4-diphenylpyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2,5-dione, thiophene and carbazole were synthesized using Suzuki polymerization to generate P1 and P2. The solid films of P1 and P2 show absorption bands with maximum peaks at about 377, 554 and 374, 542 nm and the absorption onsets at 670 and 674 nm, corresponding to band gaps of 1.85 and 1.84 eV, respectively. To improve the hole mobility of the polymer with 1,4-bis(4-butylphenyl)-pyrrolo[3,2-b]-pyrrole-2,5-dione unit, which was previously reported by us, the butyl group at the 4-positions of the N-substituted phenyl group was substituted with hydrogen and methyl group. The field-effect hole mobility of P2 is $9.6{\times}10^{-5}cm^2/Vs$. The device with $P2:PC_{71}BM$ (1:2) showed $V_{OC}$ value of 0.84 V, $J_{SC}$ value of 5.10 $mA/cm^2$, and FF of 0.33, giving PCE of 1.42%.