• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.204-208
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• 2012

$TiO_2$ ($Ti_{1-x}Nb_xO_2$, x= 0.04~0.06) transparent conducting oxide film was fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering process and their electrical, optical, stability properties were studied. When the Nb 4 at% sputtering target was used with RF power 120 W, pressure 8 mTorr, post-annealing temperature $600^{\circ}C$, the resistivity of TNO film was $4{\times}10^{-4}\;{\Omega}-cm$. The optical transmittance in the visible wavelength was ca. 86%. TNO films require heat treatment during or after the deposition process. When the film was deposited at room temperature and post-annealed at $600^{\circ}C$, the lowest resistivity was obtained. When the TNO film was exposed to high temperature and humidity, the resistivity of the film was rather decreased. The stability to temperature and humidity implies that the TNO film could be a appropriate candidate for In-free, ZnO-free transparent conducting oxide materials.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2000

근래 폭발적인 휴대폰 사용자의 증가와 비례한 운전 중 휴대폰 사용에 의한 교통사고 빈도 및 상해정도의 증가는 운전 중 휴대폰 사용을 새로운 주요한 교통사고의 요인으로 떠오르게 하고 있다. 이는 휴대폰 사용에 의한 운전자의 조정 및 감시, 경계 행위의 방해, 인지 및 정신적 부하의 증가에 의한 '부적합한 경계 (improper lookout)'와 '부주의 (inattention)' 상태 발생에서 유발되며, 현재 많은 국가들이 법제정을 통한 운전 중 휴대 폰 사용금지를 실행중이거나 고려하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 현재 대부분의 국가에서 실질적 규제 대상에서 제외되어 있는 운전 중 핸드프리 휴대폰의 사용이 운전자의 부하 및 수행도에 미치는 영향을 시각분석 정신적 부하, 부가작업 수행도, 스티어링 엔트로피의 측정을 통하여 실시하였다. 실험은 일본 도시 중심부에서 실시되었으며, 결과는 부가작업의 형태에 따른 4가지의 실험상황과 시험구간의 직선부와 곡선부 (우회전) 사이의 비교분석 통하여 제시하였다. 또한, 실험설계, 적용평가방법, 및 실시과정에서의 문제점을 바탕으로 핸드폰관련 실제 도로시험을 위한 가이드라인을 제시한다.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.313-322
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• 1999

Pusan the principal port of South Korea, has opened its door since 1876. Currently, the four-stage port construction project is under way to handle ever-growing marine transportation volume. While the port unloading capabilities are increasing the infrastructure to deal with all the transportation volume failed to catch up with them. Accordingly the city had to suffer from worst traffic congestion on due to the increasing container traffic volume causing logistical costs to rise. This study was designed to inspect the enforcement of infrastructure construction plan and suggest systematical and effective ways to improve the plan. The study focused on :\circled1The decision-making procedure, \circled2Financial resource for the plan, \circled3Effectiveness of the project enforcement, and \circled4Who will be in charge of the project. As a result from the study, these followings were suggested to improve the plan. First, Pusan Port Infrastructure consisting of (Inter-city Free way, Belt Highway and Outer Highway) should be immediately legally-regulation project. Second, the method to finance the project should be deter-mined and investment consultation among the central government the city government and private sector should be also made. Measures to make the central government budget allocation for the project mandatory should be discussed. Third, Effectiveness of the project can be doubled by gradually or partialyl opening the routes based on long-term or short-term operating plans. Fourth, The organizer of the project should be appointed, or a special task-force team in charge of the plan can be formed.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.639-644
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of frankfurter sausage made with venison. The crude protein content of sausage showed a significant increase pattern in the proportion to the addition of the venison. The crude fat content showed a decrease pattern. The saturated fatty acid significantly increased in proportion to the content of the venison. The monounsaturated fatty acids and the polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased with increasing the venison content. The content of the free amino acids increased in proportion to the amount of the venison added. The amino acid content of the pork sausage was in the order of Alanine > glycine > glutamic acid, and was similar in the sausages made from venison. The essential amino acids were 36.4% in FSV, higher than 34.0% in the pork sausages. In the sensory test, it was confirmed that the texture, taste, and overall acceptability increased with the addition of the venison. Because the sausages made from the venison were superior to the pork sausages in all of the measured sensory characteristics, it is considered that industrialization is sufficiently feasible.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2014

In this study, chemical bath deposition method was used to grow Zinc sulfide(ZnS) thin films from $NH_3/SC(NH_2)_2/ZnSO_4$ solutions at $90^{\circ}C$. ZnS thin films have been prepared onto ITO glass. The concentrations of $ZnSO_4$ and $NH_3$ were varied while the concentration of Thiourea was fixed in 0.52 M. Structural, optical, electrical characteristic of ZnS thin films were measured. The physical and optical properties of different ZnS thin films were influenced severely by the concentration of the two reacting chemicals. The optimal concentration of $ZnSO_4$ and $NH_3$ was 0.085 M and 1.6 M, respectively.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2006

본 연구는 대구시 대중교통체계 개편 후 이용자 의식조사를 토대로 대중교통체계 개편 전후의 이용자 통행패턴의 변화 및 환승통행, 서비스 만족도에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 대중교통체계 개편으로 환승통행 수요가 증가하였으며, 특히 버스를 이용한 통행패턴에서 버스와 지하철간의 환승을 통한 통행패턴으로의 변화가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 환승요금 무료할인제 실시로 환승에 대한 경제적 부담감의 감소와 버스노선체계 개편으로 대중교통이용자의 통행패턴이 다양화되었기 때문이다 환승에 대해서는 전반적으로 개선된 것으로 나타났지만, 무환승 희망비율이 높게 나타난 환승에 대해서는 여전히 많은 부담을 느끼는 것으로 나타났다

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.515-531
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• 2020

Due to the construction difficulties of steel reinforced concrete (SRC), a new composite structure of steel and steel fiber reinforced concrete (SSFRC) is proposed for solving construction problems of SRC. This paper aims to investigate the bond properties and composition of interfacial bond stress between steel and steel fiber reinforced concrete. Considering the design parameters of section type, steel fiber ratio, interface embedded length and concrete cover thickness, a total of 36 specimens were fabricated. The bond properties of specimens were studied, and three different methods of calculating interfacial bond stress were analyzed. The results show: relative slip first occurs at the free end; Bearing capacity of specimens increases with the increase of interface embedded length. While the larger interface embedded length is, the smaller the average bond strength is. The average bond strength increases with the increase of concrete cover thickness and steel fiber ratio. And calculation method 3 proposed in this paper can not only reasonably explain the hardening stage after the loading end curve yielding, but also can be applied to steel reinforced high-strength concrete (SRHC) and steel reinforced recycled coarse aggregate concrete (SRRAC).

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of lower limb muscle activation according to the use of arm sling in normal subjects. Design: Cross-sectional Study Methods: Seven healthy subjects (6 males and 1 female, 25.42 years, 173.57 cm, 71.71 kg) were recruited on a voluntary basis. To measure the lower limb muscle activation during walking with and without arm sling, we used a wireless surface electromyography (sEMG) (FreeEMG1000, BTS Bioengineering, Milano, Italy). Six wireless sEMG electrodes were attached to the following three major muscle groups of the both side lower limb: rectus femoris, biceps femoris, medial gastrocnemius. All subjects wore arm sling on their right side during measurement. Results: In the stance phase, there was a significant increase in right side rectus femoris muscle activation in walking without arm sling compared to the walking with arm sling (p<.05). Additionally, In the stance phase, there was a significant increase in left side tibialis anterior muscle activation in walking without arm sling compared to the walking with arm sling (p<.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there is a significant association between the arm swing restriction and lower limb muscle activation. Therefore, it seems that it can be applied as basic data for gait training with an arm slings.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.78-81
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• 2015

1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (DHNA) is a bifidogenic growth stimulator (BGS) and could be a functional food ingredient since bifidobacteria are beneficial for human health. For that reason, lactic acid bacteria producing DHNA have been screened. A lactic acid bacterium LP1 strain isolated from a natural cheese was confirmed to produce DHNA, analyzed by a HPLC method. The strain was identified as Lactobacillus casei by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The cell-free supernatant of fermented whey produced by L. casei LP1 presented the BGS activity for three bifidobacterial strains such as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis KCTC 3127, Bifidobacterium bifidum KCTC 3202, and Bifidobacterium breve KCTC 3220 which were human-originated. To the best of our knowledge, a L. casei strain which can produce DHNA was firstly identified in this study.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.55-72
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• 2007

We consider the product differentiation model of online channel competition and examine the strategies of hybrid firms in terms of efficiency. After measuring the social cost of online business strategies, we show that (i) online channel of hybrid firm under blockaded entry may increase the social cost if the firms' delivery cost is sufficiently smaller than the consumer's transportation cost, and (ii) online competition under free entry may increase the social cost if the firms' delivery cost is sufficiently larger than the consumer's transportation cost. Finally, we discuss the strategic incentive of hybrid firms to reduce delivery cost and investigate the effect of the Internet maturity on the social cost.