• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

Effects of cationic polyvinylamine (PVAm) dry strength agent on effectiveness of optical brightening agent (OBA) during fine papermaking and the mechanism for brightness reduction of paper by PVAm was investigated by UV/Vis spectroscopy and turbidity measurement of OBA solution with PVAm. It was shown that PVAm reduced brightness of paper while opacity was not varied and tensile strength of paper was increased. Tetra-type OBA solution showed the peaks around the wavelength of 280 nm and 330 nm and the increase in the OBA concentration increased the UV absorbance in all wavelength. Addition of PVAm into the OBA solution decreased the UV absorbance at 280 nm. Turbidities of OBA and PVAm solutions were close to zero, respectively, while the turbidity value increased for the mixed solution of OBA and PVAm in various mixing ratios and the highest value was obtained when the mixing ratio of PVAm and OBA was 5:5, meaning that cationic PVAm formed complex with anionic OBA. In conclusion, cationic PVAm could form a complex with anionic OBA and that reduced UV absorbance, resulting in the reduced brightness of paper.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.143-150
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• 2021

It introduces the contents of establishing a geostationary satellite-based forest fire monitoring system that can monitor areas of the Korean Peninsula 24 hours a day for forest fire monitoring, and describes how to establish a forest fire monitoring system and use it in various ways. In order to establish a satellite-utilized forest fire monitoring system, we will describe and draw conclusions on literature research, technical principles, forest fire monitoring means, and satellite forest fire monitoring system. The satellite-utilized forest fire monitoring system can consist of one geostationary satellite equipped with infrared detection optical sensors and a ground processing station that processes data received from satellites to spread surveillance information. Forest fire monitoring satellites are located in the country's geostationary orbit and should be operated 24 hours a day, 365 days a day. Forest fire monitoring technology is an infrared detection technology that can be used in national public interests such as forest fire monitoring and national security. It should be operated 24 hours a day, and to satisfy this, it is efficient to establish a geostationary satellite-based forest fire monitoring satellite system.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.707-718
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• 2021

Background and objective: Due to the recent crisis of extinction in local areas, the mountain village promotion policy is recognized as an important task. This study examined the priorities of major policy projects in the forest sector that affect mountain village promotion. Methods: For research methods, literature search, expert advisory meetings, and a survey were conducted. The survey was conducted on 42 policy stakeholders from June 1 to August 13, 2021. The literature search was based on policy projects in the forest sector by 8 upper-level local governments including mountain villages. For questionnaire items, 173 forest policy projects were classified into 27 types through expert review, and the importance and performance of each type were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Paired t-test, IPA, Locus for Focus model, and Borich needs assessment were used as the analysis methods, and the statistical program SPSS 21.0 was used as the analytical tool. Results: The results showed that 'creating forest-related jobs' and 'supporting cultivation of professional forestry workers' both showed high importance and performance, implying that they would show an effect in mountain village promotion. 'Creating forests for environmental improvement', 'discovering forest cultural assets' 'establishing and boosting forest tourism', 'providing forest therapy services', 'creating forest-related jobs', 'supporting community revitalization', and 'urban-rural exchanges' were found to be the types that needed improvement and concentration for mountain village promotion. In particular, 'creating forests for environmental improvement' and 'discovering forest cultural assets' were derived as priority considerations for mountain village promotion policies. Conclusion: In summary, it was found that in order to promote mountain villages, various content projects must be improved and carried out to enhance the physical environment and revitalize mountain villages.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.667-675
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• 2018

This study was conducted to reveal the effects of forest healing programs on recovery resilience and happiness of university employees. Fourteen people who agreed on experiments were selected as the study subject, with seven people classified the experimental group and seven people into the controlled group. The subjects in the experimental group participated in the forest healing program consisting of four 60-minute long weekly sessions from October 27 to November 17, 2015 in a forest managed by University C located in Cheongju-si of Chungcheongbuk-do. For data analysis, we examined the differences in recovery resilience and happiness before and after participation in the programs through the paired t-test using the SPSS 21.0 program, and the analysis results confirmed that the forest healing program helped to increase the recovery resilience and happiness of the university employees. Although there was no statistically significant change of the controlled group, the recovery resilience and happiness of the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase. The results of this study are expected to be utilized as reference data for clarifying the effects of forest healing programs for university employees.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.468-474
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• 2021

Forest healing is a natural method that utilizes various natural environmental factors of forests to enhance immunity and to heal mental and physical pathologies. The aim of this study is to suggest implications for the future development of forest healing by analyzing the characteristics of facilities and programs in 28 national and public healing forests in Korea. The concept of forest healing and programs is defined, and healing forests operating in Korea are classified by size. The facility operation and program characteristics of healing forests were analyzed according to size, and the results were used to suggest a future direction for the development of domestic forest healing. The research results are as follows. First, domestic healing forests have gradually been reduced in size since they were first opened in 2009, which is the cause of the competitive creation of local governments. Second, healing spaces, forest paths, and programs for the elderly, pregnant women and disabled should be expanded. Third, lodging programs need to be expanded, and subsidies for usage fees from local governments are required. Institutional supplementation should be provided to link program development and facilities and to clarify procedures and standards for forest healing facilities.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.222-228
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of forestry exercise on the quality of life and physical self-concept of breast cancer survivors. The subjects of this study were eight breast cancer survivors 6 months after mastectomy. The forest combined exercise program consisted of aerobic exercise through forest walking and resistance exercise using elastic bands. The forest combined exercise was conducted twice for 8 weeks. Forest trekking consisted of a 2km walking speed and resistance exercise consisted of three levels of sets and intensity. The format was divided into gradual increases. The exercise time was 40 to 60 minutes for forest trekking, 20 to 30 minutes for descent, and 40 to 60 minutes for resistance exercise, for a total of 120 to 130 minutes per day. Breast cancer survivors' quality of life was measured using a questionnaire, and changes in quality of life were measured using a t-test (α=.05). Physical self-concept was assessed through in-depth interviews. There was no statistically significant difference in quality of life before and after 8 weeks of combined forestry exercise, but there was a slight tendency to increase in the area of physical well-being. Physical self-concept showed positive changes in motivation, physical strength improvement, health promotion, physical competence, and self-confidence through the forest composite exercise. Therefore, the forest composite exercise is believed to have a positive effect on the physical self-concept of breast cancer survivors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.16-28
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• 2016

The study was conducted to compare and analyze the importance and performance of leisure destination selection attributes of persons who use recreational forests and rural tourism villages. This researcher investigated the use patterns of users to identify the ground for connection between recreational forest and rural tourism village, analyzed their recognition differences in physical selection attribute, program selection attribute, and service selection attribute in order for leisure destination selection, and conducted importance-performance analysis(IPA analysis) to draw a plan for connection. The main results and suggestions are presented as follows. First, recreational forests were visited by family users in order for rest and emotional cultivation and provided experience programs using simple public interest function of forest, whereas rural tourism villages were visited by family users, friends and co-workers, groups and club members to experience a variety of annual programs and understand regional cultures. It was found that it was necessary to connect natural forest with rural tourism village in order to meet the leisure needs of the people changed in diversified ways. Secondly, it was found that the connection between rural tourism village and recreational forest visited mainly for simple rest led to positive visit intention of users. It was expected that there will be various kinds of uses, including experience program participation, child education, and safe accommodations security. In other words, the connection between recreational forest and rural tourism village is an alternative to trigger actual demands and recreational forest activities with high quality. Thirdly, in the case of users of recreational forests, their performance of all selection attributes was lower than their importance of them. Therefore, overall improvements were needed. In particular, needed were the diversity, benefit, and promotion of programs, improvements in locality(themes), supply of lodges and convenient facilities, booking system, the purchase system of local special products, and professional skills of operators and managers. On contrary, the performance of program selection attribute of rural tourism village was high. Therefore, it was found that program attribute of rural tourism village was the main connection factor to activate recreational forest use. Fourthly, according to IPA analysis, the proper connections between loges, convenient facilities, and nearby touristattractions, which give high expectations and satisfaction to users, needed to remain. And it was required to make common efforts to accomplish the goal (income creation) of rural tourism village and improve booking system for visitors and performance of local special products sales opportunity. In addition, the essential factors to induce users' leisure destination selection were found to be maintenance of the use fee system of recreational forest, diversity of rural tourism village program, and retention of locality.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.3
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• pp.309-319
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• 1999

This study was conducted to get forest scenic beauty management information toward forest working systems; characteristics in Larix forest stands. 35 different alternatives were simulated to visualize on basis of actual forest working methods. The options were illustrated as photos produced by computer software. Each alternatives were evaluated by 3 groups with total 593 respondents after reliability test. Visual preference evaluation was used 1 - 10 point rating scale. The ratings were scaled using SBE analysis program of RMRATE. To compare the relationship of visual preference and image scale, Spatial images of 13 thinning alternatives were measured by Semantic differential scale. In general, the respondents preferred refreshing and ordering forest stand after forest working to natural forest stand before forest working. Visual preference decreased with the increasing intensity of bare ground area and slash area in forest stand. And also, visual preference was high related to tree density, clear length of stem, and ground vegetation. Farm line of small clear cutting area was preferred straight line to curve line. Visual preferences were significant differences in certain socioeconomic variables of the respondents. Results indicate how to conduct forest working system for forest scenic beauty management.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.184-189
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• 2011

To optimize tissue culture conditions for genetic transformation of Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr., we investigated the effects of different plant growth regulators and medium supplements on plant regeneration using stolon explants excised from mature plant grown in a green house. Plant regeneration frequency was 33.3% when stolon tissues with a node were cultured on the regeneration medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L of kinetin. Comparing the basal media tested, MS medium showed higher plant regeneration performance than N6 or SH medium. Addition of 5 mg/L $AgNO_3$ with 10 mg/L cysteine improved frequency of plant regeneration up to 40%. Among different carbon sources, 3% sucrose was found to show the best for regeneration frequency. This rapid and efficient plant regeneration system would be useful for using genetic transformation experiments of manilagrass without intervening callus-mediated regeneration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.3
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• pp.389-399
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• 1999

This study was conducted to develop an application software, SIDAS3D(Stand Inventory Data Analysis System for 3 Dimensional Representation), of which the purpose of development is to make it easier to analyze and display the 3D spatial structure of a forest stand, based on the data such as tree position, species, DBH, height, clear length of individual trees, and crown width. This program has a statistical analysis function for stand attributes per hectare and displays simple graphs of stand statistics such as the distribution of diameters, heights, and volumes. It also has two additional functions, of which one is to display the 3D image of stand structure and the other is to display the image of crown projection. In addition, this program provides an imaginary treatment simulation function, which can visually confirm the suitability of silvicultural treatments on computers. To test the precision and reliability of SIDAS3D, data obtained by the precision forest inventory method were used. Statistical analysis ability of SIDAS3D was compared with that of SAS. And its representational ability was compared with that of TreeDraw. According to the verification, SIDAS3D was superior to SAS and TreeDraw in both the data processing time and the interpretative ability of results. It was concluded that SIDAS3D could be used to help users efficiently make decisions for appropriate silvicultural treatments and rational management plans because it has analysis functions providing various valuable information.