• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2019

Carbon material was used for the new module-type bicycle accessory focusing on the user convenience through service design methodology. In the case of using the existing carbon material, the impact could not be endured while riding the bicycle and there was the case of breaking. To resolve this kind of problem, the new type of material (S Foam Core material) was applied. The intensity, twist intensity, shock absorbing power, and vibration were measured for the existing carbon material and the S Foam Core material. As a result, the S Foam Core material showed more outstanding results than the existing carbon material. This study produced prototype with the S Foam Core material to verify the performance through tests and report the result.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.26-43
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• 1973

This study was carried out on the Sewbility of Urethane Foam usually used as coldproof lining. The Sewability was estimated with the Puckering Grade and Seam Efficiency according to the thicknes of urethane foam, fineness and material of sewing thread, and the sort of covering fabric. The result shows the following ; 1. The thick foam proportinally shows the low Puckering Grade. 2. Effect on the sewability is small in fineness of sewing thread but large in material. Especially silk thread shows the greatest sewability in foam sewing. When the material of covering fabric is same as that of sewing thread (for example ; p/c fabric and p/c thread) the sewability is excellent in special. 3. Taffeta in covering foam is not suitable to foam sewing, satin and twill show superior sewability without reagrd to the thickness of foam. 4. In case of sewing foam covered with tricot, optimum thickness of foam and fineness of sewing thread through pretest must determine. 5. The thicker foam is the better seam efficiency tends, and Seam Efficiency largely effects to the strength of the sewing thread itself. 6. The seam Efficiency can heighten with the strength of sewing thread in proportion to that of covering fabric.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2015

This study investigated the microstructure and tensile properties of a recently made block-type Ni-Cr-Al powder porous material. The block-type powder porous material was made by stacking multiple layers of powder porous thin plates with post-processing such as additional compression and sintering. This study used block-type powder porous materials with two different cell sizes: one with an average cell size of $1,200{\mu}m$ (1200 foam) and the other with an average cell size of $3,000{\mu}m$ (3000 foam). The ${\gamma}$-Ni and ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Ni_3Al$ were identified as the main phases of both materials. However, in the case of the 1,200 foam, a ${\beta}$-NiAl phase was additionally observed. The relative density of each block-type powder porous material, with 1200 foam and 3000 foam, was measured to be 5.78% and 2.93%, respectively. Tensile tests were conducted with strain rates of $10^{-2}{\sim}10^{-4}sec^{-1}$. The test result showed that the tensile strength of the 1,200 foam was 6.0~7.1 MPa, and that of 3,000 foam was 3.0~3.3 MPa. The elongation of the 3,000 foam was higher (~9%) than that (~2%) of the 1,200 foam. This study also discussed the deformation behavior of block-type powder porous material through observations of the fracture surface, with the results above.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.701-709
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• 2002

Aluminium foam material is highly porous material, which has the complicated cellular structure defined by randomly distributed pores in metallic matrix. This structure gives the characteristic properties which cannot be achieved by any other conventional processes. As the properties of aluminium foam material significantly depend on its porosity, a desired profile of properties can be tailored by changing the foam density. But various defects lead to undesirable effects on the mechanical properties. Mechanical properties are dependent on cell sizes and aspect ratios. Therefore, this paper presents the effects of various processing parameters of various parameters on the mechanical properties. For the sake of this, combined stirring was used to fabricate aluminum foam materials by the parameters. Compression and bending tests were performed to investigate the effects of cell sizes and aspect ratios on the mechanical properties.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.489-493
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• 2010

Nickel-based and iron-based alloys have been developed and commercialized for a wide range of high performance applications at severely corrosive and high temperature environment. This alloy foam has an outstanding performance which is predestinated for diesel particulate filters, heat exchangers, and catalyst support, noise absorbers, battery, fuel cell, and flame distributers in burners in chemical and automotive industry. Production of alloy foam starts from high-tech coating technology and heat treatment of transient liquid-phase sintering in the high temperature. These technology allow for preparation of a wide variety of foam compositions such as Ni, Cr, Al, Fe on various pore size of pure nickel foam or iron foam in order for tailoring material properties to a specific application.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.139-147
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• 2003

The most tunnel damage such as cracks or leakage which exist in tunnel lining commonly, is caused by the voids where exist behind the tunnel lining, through the tunnel safety inspections. These voids were analysed to affect to a stability of a running-tunnel seriously. The aim of this paper is to develope the lightweight foam concrete for tunnel backfilling material using stone-dust of cake state and to apply the lightweight foam concrete developed to the old tunnel. This paper shows the basic properties of lightweight foam concrete mixed with stone-dust including flow rate, unit volume weight, absorption rate and compressive strength. In addition, according to the designed compound ratio, the lightweight foam concrete was applied to the ASSM tunnel for an application assessment. The engineering application of the lightweight foam concrete as the old tunnel's backfilling material was confirmed in this assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2014

Open-cell silicon foam is difficult to cut using conventional machining processes because of its low stiffness. That is, open-cell silicon foam is easily pressed down when the tool is engaged, which makes it difficult to remove the material in the form of chip. This study proposes an advanced method of machining open-cell silicon foam by freezing the material using liquid nitrogen. Furthermore, the machining conditions are optimized to maximize the efficiency of material removal and minimize the usage of liquid nitrogen by conducting experiments under various machining conditions. The results show that open-cell silicone foam products with free surface can be successfully machined by employing the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.474-482
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• 2016

A Kelvin foam plate - widely used in the energy and transport industries as a lightweight structural material - was examined to estimate its Young's modulus using ultrasound. An isotropic tetrakaidecahedron foam structure was designed in SolidWorks and printed using 3D printer with an ABS plastic material. The 3D printed foam structure was used to build a foam plate with a 14 mm thickness ($50mm{\times}100mm$ in size) for the ultrasonic test. The Kelvin foam plate, a significantly porous medium, was completely filled with paraffin wax to enable the ultrasound to penetrate through the porous medium. The acoustic wave velocity of the wax-filled Kelvin foam was measured using the time of flight (TOF) method. Furthermore, the elastic modulus of the Kelvin foam was estimated based on an elastic structural model developed in this study. The Young's modulus of the produced Kelvin foam was observed to be approximately 3.4% of the bulk value of the constituent material (ABS plastic). This finding is consistent with experimental and theoretical results reported by previous studies.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.7-13
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• 2020

In this study, water glass was applied as a coating material to a rigid polyurethane foam to improve the flame-retardant properties of the foam. The heat release rate of the cone calorimeter of the urethane foam, in which the inorganic water-glass coating layer was applied, decreased rapidly. The water glass coated on the polyurethane surface formed a glassy foam by foaming with water, which did not escape during the vitrification reaction when the foam or glass was heated. The glassy foam formed on the polyurethane foam became a fire-resistant insulation layer that inhibited the combustion of the polyurethane foam for more than 10 min. Water glass was found to improve the flame-retardant properties of the rigid polyurethane foam.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

The elastic modulus of a 3D-printed Kelvin foam plate is investigated by measuring the acoustic wave velocity of 1 MHz ultrasound. An isotropic tetrakaidecahedron foam with 3 mm unit cell is designed and printed layer upon layer to fabricate a Kelvin foam plate of 14 mm thickness with a 3D CAD/printer using ABS plastic. The Kelvin foam plate is completely filled with paraffin wax for impedance matching, so that the acoustic wave may propagate through the porous foam plate. The acoustic wave velocity of the foam plate is measured using the time-of-flight (TOF) method and is used to calculate the elastic modulus of the Kelvin foam plate based on acousto-elasticity. Finite element method (FEM) and micromechanics is applied to the Kelvin foam plate to calculate the theoretical elastic modulus using a non-isotropic tetrakaidecahedron model. The predicted elastic modulus of the Kelvin foam plate from FEM and micromechanics model is similar, which is only 3-4% of the bulk material. The experimental value of the elastic modulus from the ultrasonic method is approximately twice as that of the numerical and theoretical methods because of the flexural deformation of the cell edges neglected in the ultrasonic method.