• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.407-412
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• 1989

Using the knowledge base which contains the patterns and data of the past experience of a plant, a learning control method is suggested. The knowledge for controlling a plant is stored to the knowledge base and continually modified after performance evaluation of an applied control input. The performance of the resultant knowledge based control system is examined by an application to process.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.262-270
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to define cognition of the preceptors on the preceptor's role stress and competency pre-post preceptorship experience. Method: This study was designed as a one group pre-test and post-test study. The subjects of this study were 22 preceptors who had the preceptor preparation education and then worked as preceptor for four weeks at a university hospital. For data analyses, percentage, mean, paired t-test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient were adopted with the use of SPSS WIN 10.0. Result: The results of this study showed that after the preceptorship experience, role stress of the preceptor decreased significantly compared to before the preceptorship experience. All of the score of sub domains was decreased. Especially, there was a significantly difference in education conducting and evaluation, personal relation and communication, professional development. Also, after the preceptorship experience, competency of the preceptor increased significantly compared to before the preceptorship experience. All of the score of sub domains was increased. Particularly, there was a significantly difference in socialization facilitator and educator except learning planning performance. There was a significant positive correlation between educational experience and the number of learner before preceptorship experience of general characteristics and competency, but was not correlation between general characteristics and role stress. Also there was not correlation between role stress and competency. Conclusion: The finding above indicated that the preceptorship was effective in decreasing preceptor's role and increasing preceptor's competency.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.35-42
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• 2019

Purpose : This study examines The impact of human resource investment in internal control on stock price crash risk. Effective internal control ensures that information provided is complete and accurate, financial statements are reliable. By overseeing management, internal control systems can reduce agency costs between management and outside parties. In Korea, firms have to disclose information about internal control systems. The working experience of human resources in internal control systems is also provided for interested parties. If a firm hires more experienced internal control personnel, it can better facilitate the disclosure of information. Prior studies reported that information asymmetry between managers and investors increases future stock price crash risk. Therefore, the longer working experience internal control personnel have, the lower probability stock crashes have. Research design, data and methodology : This study analyzed the association between the working experience of internal control personnel and crash risk using regression analysis on KOSPI listed companies for fiscal years 2016 through 2017. The sample consists of 1,034 firm-years of non-financial firms whose fiscal year end on December 31. Career spanning data of internal control personnel was collected from internal control reports. The professionalism(IC_EXP) was measured as the logarithm of the average working experience of internal control personnel in months. Negative conditional skewness(NSKEW) and down-to-up volatility (DUVOL) are used to measure firm-specific crash risk. Both measures are based on firm-specific weekly returns derived from the expanded market model. Results : We find that work experience in internal control environment is negatively related to stock price crashes. Specifically, skewness(NSKEW) and volatility (DUVOL) are reduced when firms have longer tenure of human resources in internal control division. The results imply that firms with experienced internal control personnel are less likely to experience stock price crashes. Conclusions : Stock price crashes occur when investors realize that stock prices have been inflated due to information asymmetry. There is a learning effect when internal control processes are done repetitively. Thus, firms with more experienced internal control personnel could manage their internal control more effectively. The results of this study suggest that firms could decrease information asymmetry by investing in human resources for their internal control system.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 2022

Recently, many studies using reinforcement learning-based autoscaling have been performed to make autoscaling policies that are adaptive to changes in the environment and meet specific purposes. However, training the reinforcement learning-based Horizontal Pod Autoscaler(HPA) policy in a real environment requires a lot of money and time. And it is not practical to retrain the reinforcement learning-based HPA policy from scratch every time in a real environment. In this paper, we implement a reinforcement learning-based HPA in Kubernetes, and propose a transfer leanring technique using a queuing model-based simulation to accelerate the training of a reinforcement learning-based HPA policy. Pre-training using simulation enabled training the policy through simulation experience without consuming time and resources in the real environment, and by using the transfer learning technique, the cost was reduced by about 42.6% compared to the case without transfer learning technique.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.286-303
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate Chinese e-Learning development strategies based on the analysis of Korean Industry-Academia e-Learning cooperation. Literature review and interview with experts about the subject regarding this study were the main research methods for the study. The results of the study are as follows 1. Chinese government should amend and complement the e-Learning policy of the chinese enterprise continuously through the Korean government's experience about the e-Learning policy such as enterprise e-Learning system, standardization of LMS, and quality assurance. 2. Korean government's policy about e-Learning has emphasized on practical development of e-Learning contents and LMS. And we have found they have good effects from the policy in terms of human resource development. However, Chinese government generally has emphasized on external extension of the scale and administration.nte, Chinese government should follow the practical policy in the e-Learning development as Korean government has done. 3. The way of Individualized learning, cooperative learning, team work, WBI, standardized LMS, and Blended Learning in Korea could be well adapted in Chinese e-Learning.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.194-204
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• 2009

Purpose: Level of reflective thinking of students are important factors in the area of nursing studies on web-based PBL. These factors were used as a component of learning strategies. One was to understand general recognition to web-based PBL and reaction to the use of reflective journal. The other was to investigate the level of reflective thinking was related to learning activity. Method: PBL was adopted for an online course titled 'Nursing Assessment and Intervention'. Twenty graduate students were evaluated from questionnaire, reflective journals, and individual assignments. Result: Web-based PBL was strong for self-directed learning, team activity, creative thinking, diversity of thinking, and diverse process of learning while hard time, lack of cooperation, uncertainty of outcome, and lack of time were considered as weakness. Reflective journal gave moderate help to learning activities. The learners' learning activities was the lowest in the middle level of reflective thinking. Conclusion: Generally, graduate students in college of nursing showed slightly positive attitude to PBL experience and slightly positive reaction to the learning effect of reflective journal. PBL was estimated to be valuable and meaningful. There was no relationship between the level of reflective thinking and learning activities.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1521-1530
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• 2000

This descriptive study identifies nursing students' methods of studying related to the learning stages, based on a sample of 251 nursing students in a Korean university. The main findings of the study are as follows. The major learning styles of nursing students were accomodation (68.6%), divergen (53.6%), and convergence (38.8%) for the first, second, third, and fourth year group. For all students, the majority (71.3%) showed accomodation or the divergence. The learning styles for grade level were significantly different, (x2=110.021, df=9, p=0.001). The stage of concrete experience was the majority for all of the first year group (51.8%), the second year group (57.1%), and the third year group (61.3%). But, active experimentation (41.9%) was the majority for the fourth year group. Also there were significant differences between the stages of learning by age (x22= 64.391, df=9, p=0.001). The most significant result of the study was the establishment of different modes of learning stages by year, thus supporting the experiential learning theory. The greatest change of style from the first year group to the second year group was reflective observation (7.3%longrightarrow12.9%). That from the second year group to the third year group was the abstractive conceptualization (14.3%longrightarrow21.3%); and that from the third year group to the fourth year group was active experimentation (12.0%longrightarrow41.9%). This reflects the same cycle as indicated by the experimental learning theory of Kolb. According to the study, nursing students' learning stages tended to be more unbalanced as year increases. Therefore this calls for a careful review of the current nursing curriculum.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.869-879
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• 1995

The new field of learning control develops controllers that learn to improve their performance at executing a given task, based on experience performing this task. The simplest forms of learning control are based on the same concept as integral control, but operating in the domain of the repetitions of the task. In the previous paper, I had studied the use of such controllers in a decentralized system, such as a robot with the controller for each link acting independently. The basic result of the paper is to show that stability of the learning controllers for all subsystems when the coupling between subsystems is turned off, assures stability of the decentralized learning in the coupled system, provided that the sample time in the digital learning controller is sufficiently short. In this paper, we present two examples. The first illustrates the effect of coupling between subsystems in the system dynamics, and the second studies the application of decentralized learning control to robot problems. The latter example illustrates the application of decentralized learning control to nonlinear systems, and also studies the effect of the coupling between subsystems introduced in the input matrix by the discretization of the system equations. The conclusion is that for sufficiently small learning gain, and sufficiently small sample time, the simple learning control law based on integral control applied to each robot axis will produce zero tracking error in spite o the dynamic coupling in the robot equations. Of course, the results of this paper have much more general application than just to the robotics tracking problem. Convergence in decentralized systems is seen to depend only on the input and output matrices, provided the sample time is suffiently small.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.598-612
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• 2014

The present study is aimed at inquiring into the meaning of experience of action learning program for adult learners who participated in action learning program of H financial company which was carried out as a means of corporate training. The goal of study is to examine the essential factors of action learning program impacting on the increase of motivation for learning and the improvement of job-related problem-solving ability of the learners who participated in the learning as well as on the increase of motivation for learning and the improvement of job-related problem-solving ability among the components of action learning program. As for research method, 3 main questions and 15 sub-questions about motivation for learning, job-related problem-solving ability, and components of action learning were prepared for 9 learners who participated in the action learning program, and then focus group interviews (F.G.I) were conducted. The results show that action learning program increased motivation for learning by combining concentration of attention and relevance to job, and the degree of organization of learning team was a key element to improving motivation for learning. Also, through development of alternatives and planning/execution, it impacted on improving job-related problem-solving ability of participants. And the interest and support of the administrator were key elements to improving job-related problem-solving ability. In conclusion, the results show that action learning program in corporate job training activities improves motivation for learning of the participants. Therefore, in order to improve job-related problem-solving ability of the participants in job training, more focus should be put on concentration of attention and reinforcement of relevance to the job and more interest and support should be given to organization of appropriate learning teams among components of action learning program. Along with this, the administrator needs to grasp participants' awareness of problems and pay attention and give support to the participants to enhance the performance of planning/execution.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.339-348
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the Kolb's learning style and preference for instructional methods of undergraduate nursing students. Data were collected from 174 students at a university in D city using a structured questionnaire from October 19 to October 21 2015. Learning style ratio of nursing students was accommodator 34.5%, converger 33.9%, assimilator 16.1%, diverger 15.5% and preference scores for instructional methods were discussion 7.27, direct instruction 7.26, peer teaching 7.22, independent study 6.54, project 6.25, instruction through technology 5.77, game 5.45, simulation 4.23. A significant difference was found in experience of flipped learning between four learning styles groups of nursing students. However, there was no significant difference in the preference of instructional methods between the four learning styles groups. Most of the students were in the middle range of the learning styles. The assessment of nursing students' learning styles is expected to help educator to plan teaching strategies.