• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.92-109
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• 2022

Objectives: The objective of this study was to appraise the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) for the treatment of acute gout. Methods: Since no suitable study could be found in the domestic database, we performed a literature search up to the end of December 2020 using four international electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of EA in the treatment of acute gout were included. The risk of bias was evaluated from the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Eight appropriate RCTs were included and analyzed. Three evaluation tools were mainly used: Total Effective Rate (TER), Uric acid (UA), and Pain score (VAS). In the case of TER, in all eight cases, electroacupuncture alone and combined treatment showed a statistically significant level of improvement compared to Western medicine treatment. In the case of VAS score, electroacupuncture alone and combined treatment showed a more significant effect than Western medicine treatment. In the case of UA level, electroacupuncture combined treatment showed a more significant effect than western medicine treatment. Although not all three evaluation tools were used in all studies, the majority of studies showed that electroacupuncture was effective for acute gout patients. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that EA treatment may be effective for acute gout. It should be noted, however, that the studies included in this study were geographically biased, small in number, and mostly at high risk of bias. More well-designed studies are needed in the future.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.15-36
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• 2021

The airline industry faces with significant competition due to the rise of technology innovation and diversified customer needs. Therefore, continuous quality management is essential to gain competitive advantages. For this reason, there have been various studies to measure and manage service quality using customer reviews. However, previous studies have focused on measuring customer satisfaction only, neglecting systematic management between customer expectations and perception based on customer reviews. In response, this study suggests a framework to identify relevant criteria for service quality management, measure the importance, and assess the customer perception based on customer reviews. Machine learning techniques, topic models, and sentiment analysis are used for this study. This study can be used as an important strategic tool for evaluating service quality by identifying important factors for airline customer satisfaction while presenting a framework for identifying each airline's current service level.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.110-120
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm the factor structure of the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire-Revised (MQOL-R) in the context of Korean culture and to verify its reliability and validity. Methods: The participants comprised terminal cancer patients aged 25 or older, and data from 164 participants were analyzed. The study was conducted in the following order: translation, expert review, reverse translation, preliminary investigation and interviews, and completion of the final version. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to evaluate the validity of the instrument, and the Beck Depression Inventory, Korean version (K-BDI) was applied to confirm the criterion validity of the MQOL-R Korean version. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient, representing internal consistency, was measured to evaluate reliability. Results: Cronbach's alpha for all 14 questions was 0.862. The model fit indices for confirmatory factor analysis were within the acceptance criteria. The factor loadings of all four factors were over 0.50, and convergent validity and discriminant validity were confirmed. Regarding criterion validity, a negative correlation was found between the four factors of MQOL-R Korean version and the K-BDI. Conclusion: The MQOL-R Korean version, the reliability and validity of which were verified in this study, is a 15-item tool consisting of 14 items dealing with four physical, psychological, existential, and social factors and a single item evaluating the overall quality of life. The MQOL-R Korean version is an instrument that can more concisely and effectively measure the quality of life of patients with life-threatening diseases.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.183-204
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of ChatGPT in biological nursing science education. Methods: This study was conducted by entering questions about the field of biological nursing science into ChatGPT versions GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 and evaluating the answers. Three questions each related to microbiology and pharmacology were entered, and the generated content was analyzed to determine its applicability to the field of biological nursing science. The questions were of a level that could be presented to nursing students as written test questions. Results: The answers generated in English had 100.0% accuracy in both GPT-3.5 and GPT-4. For the sentences generated in Korean, the accuracy rate of GPT-3.5 was 62.7%, and that of GPT-4 was 100.0%. The total number of Korean sentences in GPT-3.5 was 51, while the total number of Korean sentences in GPT-4 was 68. Likewise, the total number of English sentences in GPT-3.5 was 70, while the total number of English sentences in GPT-4 was 75. This showed that even for the same Korean or English question, GPT-4 tended to be more detailed than GPT-3.5. Conclusion: This study confirmed the advantages of ChatGPT as a tool to improve understanding of various complex concepts in the field of biological nursing science. However, as the answers were based on data collected up to 2021, a guideline reflecting the most up-to-date information is needed. Further research is needed to develop a reliable and valid scale to evaluate ChatGPT's responses.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.403-411
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• 2023

The possibility of utilizing radiant solar energy as a renewable energy resource in Tajikistan was investigated by assessing solar irradiance using XGBoost algorithm. Through training, validation, and testing, the seasonality of solar irradiance was clear in both actual and predicted values. Calculation of hourly values of solar irradiance on 1 July 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 indicated maximum actual and predicted values of 1,005 and 1,009 W/m², 939 and 997 W/m², 1,022 and 1,012 W/m², 1,055 and 1,019 W/m², respectively, with actual and predicted values being within 0.4~5.8%. XGBoost is thus a useful tool in predicting solar irradiance in Tajikistan and evaluating the possibility of utilizing radiant solar energy.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.521-526
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• 2023

Due to the recent pandemic, most educational systems are being conducted through online classes. Unlike face-to-face classes, it is even more difficult for learners to maintain concentration, and evaluating the learners' attitude toward the class is also challenging. In this paper, we proposed a real-time concentration-based review support system for learners in real-time video lectures that can be used in online classes. This system measured the learner's face, pupils, and user activity in real-time using the equipment used in the existing video system, and delivers real-time concentration measurement values to the instructor in various forms. At the same time, if the concentration measurement value falls below a certain level, the system alerted the learner and records the timestamp of the lecture. By using this system, instructors can evaluate the learners' participation in the class in real-time and help to improve their class abilities.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2023

Purpose : This study systematically assessed 9 emotion-function programs for schizophrenic individuals that have been implemented over the past 10 years in Korea and abroad, with the objective of providing clinical grounds and data for further programs. Methods : This study identified 2,558 studies from among those registered in the RISS, KISS, EMbase, PubMed and Scopus databases from 2013 to September 2023, using 'schizophrenia' AND 'emotion' AND ('program' OR 'therapy') as keywords. Of the 2,558 studies retrieved from electronic databases, 602 duplicate papers were excluded. After this process, 1,915 papers that did not meet the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria were excluded based on their titles and abstracts. Following a review of the texts of the remaining 41 papers, nine papers were finally selected, excluding 32 papers according to the selection and exclusion criteria. Results : Programs for the emotional function of patients with schizophrenia have continued to be researched. The results of an evaluation on the quality of the selected literature confirmed that a majority of the reviewed items were "uncertain", confirming that there was a risk of bias. The interventions for emotions included art, cognitive-behavioral, and physical programs, of which art programs were frequently applied. Most of the interventions were implemented in hospitals. The dependent variables for evaluating emotions included emotional expression, depression, anxiety, and positive emotions, and among them, emotional expression was used most frequently. Accordingly, the Berkeley expressivity questionnaire was commonly used as an evaluation tool. Conclusion : This study is significant for intending to analyze domestic and overseas programs for the emotions of patients with schizophrenia, thereby proposing the direction for planning and applying interventions in clinical settings. In follow-up studies, it will be necessary to develop a protocol that confirms interventions according to the settings and patient characteristics of programs and expands the scope of literature reviews.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.488-492
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out the reliability and validity of the newly updated Balancia 2.5 program using Wii balance board through equipment that can measure center of pressure data with the precision. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Twenty-seven healthy adults participated in the study. The subjects were assessed for static balance ability by Accusway, and were assessed for static balance ability on Wii balance board connected to theBalancia 2.5 program.To limit postural fluctuations due to stare, the subjects were asked to look at a 15 cm dot drawn 3 m in front of them for 30 seconds with their eyes open. Static balance ability data such as path length and sway velocity were extracted from all measurement tools.Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability and validity were extracted through intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The intra-rater reliability that the same rater shows consistent results through test-retest was a high level at ICC=0.968 (0.926~0.986), and inter-rater reliability that the requires consistent results even when measured by different raters was a high level at ICC=0.943 (0.870~0.975). The validity was a high level at ICC=0.948 (0.881~0.977), which shows whether the measurement tool is properly measuring what it is intended to measure. Conclusions: The Balancia 2.5 program, newly updated through this study, proved to be a program with high reliability and validity in evaluating static balance ability like the existingBalancia 2.0 program.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2022

Purpose : This study is aimed to develop and validate the clinical practice education program and clinical competence scale of occupational therapy student. Methods : The development of the clinical practice education program used the delphi technique method, which had a total of five steps. Based on the occupational therapist's job analysis, the first stage assessed the importance of 21 experts, and the second stage examined the importance of 19 new specialists to derive constitutive factors. In the third stage, in-depth interviews were conducted with three experts based on the derived factors, and in the fourth stage, the final clinical practice education program was derived. In the final stage, the details of the clinical training program were drawn up based on the themes and were reviewed by two experts. Structured and unstructured interviews were conducted with 43 job experts. Results : The expert survey through the delphi technique was conducted three times, and content analysis and descriptive statistics were conducted to examine the distribution of responses. The final 11 educational program topics and contents were derived. Topics are confirmation of client information, evaluation and intervention, cognitive therapy, spinal cord injury, brain injury, musculoskeletal disorders, pediatric occupational therapy, interventions in activities of daily living, driving rehabilitation, vocational rehabilitation, occupational therapy assessment tool, safety training and management. Conclusion : The clinical practice education program reduce the difference between school education and clinical education of occupational therapy student. Occupational therapy helps college student understand occupational therapy practices and improve the quality of clinical education. Through more research and supplementation of clinical practice education programs in the future, it is suggested that clinical practice education be successfully operated in various practice institutions and used as basic data for designing and evaluating useful educational models.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1592-1605
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• 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to select an effective in vitro digestion-fermentation model to estimate the effect of decreasing dietary crude protein (CP) on odor emission during pig production and to suggest potential prediction markers through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Methods: In the in vitro experiment, three diet formulations with different CP contents (170 g/kg, 150 g/kg, and 130 g/kg) but containing the same standardized ileal digestible essential amino acids (SID-EAA) were assessed. Each diet was evaluated by two different in vitro gastric-intestinal phase digestion methods (flask and dialysis), combined with fresh pig feces-ferment inoculation. Eighteen growing barrows (31.9±1.6 kg) were divided into three groups: control diet (180 g CP/kg, without SID-EAA adjustment), 170 g CP/kg diet, and 150 g CP/kg diet for 4 weeks. Results: The in vitro digestion results indicated that in vitro digestibility was affected by the gastric-intestinal phase digestion method and dietary CP level. According to the gas kinetic and digestibility results, the dialysis method showed greater distinguishability for dietary CP level adjustment. Nitrogen-related odor compounds (NH₃-N, indole, p-cresol, and skatole) were highly correlated with urease and protease activity. The feeding study indicated that both EAA-adjusted diets resulted in a lower odor emission especially in p-cresol and skatole. Both protease and urease activity in feces were also closely related to odor emissions from nitrogen metabolism compounds. Conclusion: Dialysis digestion in the gastric-intestinal phase followed by fresh fecal inoculation fermentation is suitable for in vitro diet evaluation. The enzyme activity in the fermentation and the fecal samples might provide a simple and effective estimation tool for nitrogen-related odor emission prediction in both in vitro and in vivo experiments.