• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.374-378
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• 2014

The piezoelectric materials convert from mechanical energy to electrical energy. The piezoelectric materials are used in various engineering applications such as piezoelectric ultrasonic actuators. Since the piezoelectric coupling characteristics of the actuator systems should be considered at the initial design stage, it is essential to analyze the piezoelectric coupling characteristics of the ultrasonic actuators. In this study, we analyzed the electromechanical characteristics of piezoelectric stacked actuator using the equivalent circuit model with modal mass stiffness parameters. It was compared the admittance of piezoelectric stack actuators with the analytical circuit model and the finite element model. Also, the coupling coefficient of piezoelectric stack actuator was discussed according to the number of stacks of actuators.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.174-181
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• 2018

This study introduces a systematic approach to selecting the internal parameters applied to the equivalent electrical-circuit model (EECM) of a lithium titanium oxide ($Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$; LTO) rechargeable cell. Based on the dynamic characteristic of the cell, a simplified EECM consisting of an open-circuit voltage (OCV), an ohmic resistance, and an RC ladder is fabricated. To select the internal parameters of a simplified EECM, experiments on discharge capacity, OCV, and discharge/charge resistances are performed using hybrid pulse power characterization and direct current internal resistance (DCIR) measurements over the full state-of-charge (SOC) range. The experimental results of the LTO rechargeable cell highlight the importance of correct selection of internal parameters that can reduce EECM errors. This study clearly provides experimental procedures, internal parameters results, and EECM guidelines for adaptive control-based SOC estimation for LTO rechargeable cells.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.93-102
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• 2004

This paper presents a general theory for the analysis of an aperture-coupled cavity-fed microstrip patch antenna to develop a simple but accurate equivalent circuit model. The developed equivalent circuit consists of ideal transformers, admittance elements, and transmission lines. These circuit element values are computed by applying the complex power concept, the Fourier transform and series representation, and the spectral-domain immittance approach. The input impedance of the antenna is calculated and compared with the published data. Good agreements validate the simplicity and accuracy of the developed equivalent circuit model.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.282-289
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• 2010

A Thomson coil type actuator is applied as the driving unit in an arc eliminator system. To eliminate the arc efficiently, the speed of the actuator is required as fast as possible with certain limit of the exciting current. Therefore, the dynamic characteristics of the Thomson coil type actuator should be analyzed in an effective way. In this paper, a novel solving technique has been developed based on the equivalent circuit model which is set up by dividing the conducting plate into multi segments. To guarantee the calculation accuracy and improve the calculation efficiency, an adaptive refinement algorithm is suggested based on the field continues condition. The proposed method has been verified by the FEM calculation and experiment. The influence of circuit and plate parameters to the performance of the actuator is also investigated, from which a reasonable set of parameters can be found.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.152-159
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• 2010

We propose a semi-analytical current conduction model for depletion-mode n-type nanowire field-effect transistors (NWFETs) with top-gate structure. The NWFET model is based on an equivalent circuit consisting of two back-to-back Schottky diodes for the metal-semiconductor (MS) contacts and the intrinsic top-gate NWFET. The intrinsic top-gate NWFET model is derived from the current conduction mechanisms due to bulk charges through the center neutral region as well as of accumulation charges through the surface accumulation region, based on the electrostatic method, and thus it includes all current conduction mechanisms of the NWFET operating at various top-gate bias conditions. Our previously developed Schottky diode model is used for the MS contacts. The newly developed model is integrated into ADS, in which the intrinsic part of the NWFET is developed by utilizing the Symbolically Defined Device (SDD) for an equation-based nonlinear model. The results simulated from the newly developed NWFET model reproduce considerably well the reported experimental results.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.21-26
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• 2004

In this paper, a direct method is developed to extact RF equivalent circuit of a packaged BJT without optimization. First, parasitic components of plastic package are removed from measured S-parameters using open and short package patterns. Using package do-embedded S-parameters, a direct and simple method is proposed to extract bonding wire inductance and chip pad capacitance between package lead and chip pad. The small-signal model parameters of internal BJT are next determined by Z and Y-parameter formula derived from RF equivalent circuit. The modeled S-parameters of packaged BJT agree well with measured ones, verifying the accuracy of this new extraction method.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.16-19
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• 2018

This paper presents analytical and numerical simulation approaches on charging characteristics of no-insulation (NI) REBCO pancake coil by using the equivalent circuit model to estimate magnetic performance response in the coil. The analytical methods provide closed form or definite solution in the form of complete mathematical expressions but they are hard to solve the complex problems. Numerical methods have become popular with the development of the computing capabilities to solve the problems which are impossible or very hard to solve analytically. First of all, the equivalent circuit model are proposed to develop the simulation code for both analytical and numerical method. The charging test was performed under critical current to obtain magnetic field induced and terminal voltage through the radial as well as spiral current paths within the coil. To verify the validity of both proposed methods, the simulation results were compared and discussed with the experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.368-374
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• 2016

This paper presents an experimental study on an electrical circuit model of the TiO2-based nano-wired memristor device for neuromophic applications. The electrical circuit equivalent model of the proposed memristor device consists of several electronics components and some passive devices including operational amplifiers, multipliers, resistors and capacitors. In order to verify the proposed design, both of simulation (using PSPICE) as well as hardware implementation were performed for the analysis of the memristor circuit with time waveforms, frequency spectra, I-V curves and power curves. The gained results from the measured data showed a good agreement with the simulation result that confirm the proposed idea.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.247-266
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• 2014

Conventional cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) are usually fabricated with continuous electrode configuration (CEC), which suffers from the electrical cancellation at higher vibration modes. Though previous research pointed out that the segmented electrode configuration (SEC) can address this issue, a comprehensive evaluation of the PEH with SEC has yet been reported. With the consideration of delivering power to a common load, the AC outputs from all segmented electrode pairs should be rectified to DC outputs separately. In such case, theoretical formulation for power estimation becomes challenging. This paper proposes a method based on equivalent circuit model (ECM) and circuit simulation to evaluate the performance of the PEH with SEC. First, the parameters of the multi-mode ECM are identified from theoretical analysis. The ECM is then established in SPICE software and validated by the theoretical model and finite element method (FEM) with resistive loads. Subsequently, the optimal performances with SEC and CEC are compared considering the practical DC interface circuit. A comprehensive evaluation of the advantageous performance with SEC is provided for the first time. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using SEC as a simple and effective means to improve the performance of a cantilevered PEH at a higher mode.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.1087-1091
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• 2007

Exact impedance modeling of the electrode/electrolyte interface is important in bio-signal sensing electrode development. Therefore, the investigation of the equivalent circuit models for the interface has been pursued for a long time by several researchers. Previous circuit models fit the experimental results in limited conditions such as frequency range, type of electrode, or electrolyte. This paper describes a new electrical circuit model and its capability of fitting the experimental results. The proposed model consists of three resistors and two constant phase elements. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to characterize the interface for Au, Pt, and stainless steel electrode in 0.9% NaCl solution. Both the proposed model and the previous model were applied to fit the measured impedance results for comparison. The proposed model fits the experimental data more accurately than other models especially at the low frequency range, and it enables us to predict the impedance at very low frequency range, including DC, using the proposed model.