• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

Recently, the rapid development of artificial intelligence industry has resulted in a great change in our modern society. Due to this background, this paper takes the United Kingdom as an example to explore the determinants of artificial intelligence industry in terms of United Kingdom's macroeconomics. The quarterly time series from the first quarter of 2010 to the fourth quarter of 2017 will be employed to conduct an empirical analysis under the vector error correction model. In this paper, the real GDP, the employment figure, the real income, the foreign direct investment, the government budget and the inflation will be regarded as independent variables. The input of artificial intelligence industry will be regarded as a dependent variable. These macroeconomic variables will be applied to perform an empirical analysis so as to explore how the macroeconomic variables affect the artificial intelligence industry. The findings show that the real GDP, the real income, the foreign direct investment and the government budget are the driving determinants to promote the development of artificial intelligence industry. Conversely, the employment figure and the inflation is the obstructive determinants to hamper the development of artificial intelligence industry.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2019

Purpose - As the market economy deepens, the issue of social equity caused by income distribution becomes more and more significant. Therefore, this paper attempts to exploit the determinants of income distribution in terms of macroeconomics. Research design, data, and methodology - The data set from 1990 to 2017 will be used to conduct an empirical analysis under a menu of econometric approaches such as vector autoregressive model and impulse response function. The income distribution and other macroeconomic variables such as foreign direct investment and employment will be used to conduct an empirical analysis to explore the determinants of income distribution in terms of macroeconomics. Results - The findings indicate that the income distribution is related with macroeconomics. More specifically, the export, import, GDP and foreign direct investment play a role in deteriorating the income distribution. Conversely, the industrialization, inflation and employment can improve the income distribution. Unfortunately, the inflation and employment do not get through under 5% significant test. Conclusions - Due to that a good income distribution can be beneficial for both a country and an individual, this paper provides a new scope for China's government to improve its income distribution in terms of macroeconomics.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-54
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• 2016

This study starts from the perspective that preparing students for employment is the most important role of undergraduate degree programs. Therefore, we examine the determinants of undergraduate employment, especially highlighting the differences by disciplines. We classify 28 factors into five categories such as personal attributes, entrance attributes, students’ employment-related activities, regular curriculum and employability programs provided by universities. This study is based on data from 7,616 students from a Korean university over four and half years. Findings reveal that university efforts are crucial in engineering. Only exchange programs and employment programs have an impact on science. There are no specific factors in humanities and social science. Grade point average and students’ efforts are important in business. Face-to-face coaching in employability support programs is effective for securing employment except in science disciplines. The study results do not point to the absence of a role of university even in the low employment disciplines. Rather, the issue is that of an over-supply of graduates exceeding job offers that results from the worldwide expansion of higher education services.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.144-155
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• 2014

This study aims to overcome the limitations of prior studies that have failed to take into account the impact of psycho-social factors on the employment of people with disabilities as well as the differences in employment by life stage. This study employs a research model that includes psycho-social factors along with human capital to examine how the determinants of employment differ for the disabled by life stage. The analysis in this study takes the form of logistic regression, using data from the fifth wave of the Korea Welfare Panel Survey. Analysis results show that the employment probability of young people with disabilities is significantly associated with their experience of discrimination, with their chance of employment decreasing when they have more experience of discrimination. Middle-aged people with disabilities are more likely to be employed when they have a lower level of education, a better health condition and a higher level of labor ability. For the disabled elderly, their labor ability is the only factor affecting their possibility of employment; they have a higher chance of getting a job when they have a higher level of labor ability.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.57-76
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• 2019

This study deals with the determinants of employment productivity of transportation labor, who are the main agents of the transportation industry that has made significant contributions to our country's industrial development. The study selected the determinants of employment productivity using the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study data, and analyzed the effects of various factors using panel logistic regression, panel OLS model, and panel robust regression. The results were as follows. First, a more positive effect was shown when employees held a regular job, had a "high level of education", "joining the labor union" and "experiencing vocational training". Second, in the case of job security, having a "high level of education" and "joining the labor union" showed a more positive effect; further, job security was higher for employees who worked in a "big company" or were "married". Third, in the case of higher income productivity, higher values of "age", "academic ability" and "company size" had a more positive effect, whereas larger values of "education" and "health condition except job training" had a negative one. Fourth, in the case of job satisfaction, "female", "joining the labor union" and having a higher "income" or "job security" led to higher satisfaction and a better "health condition compared to an average person". Further, a higher "overall life satisfaction" and "economic level" led to lower job satisfaction. The analysis of the determinants of employment productivity of transportation business and seeking for improvement plan is expected to improve the employment productivity in the transportation business.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.33-48
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to suggest some ways to utilize effectively the labor forces of employed women. For this purpose, this stud\ulcorner examined the family’s attitudes toward the work of married women and the effects of determinants including personal characteristics, household related variables, work related variables and family’s attitudes toward the work of married women on the employment status of married women. KLFI(1995)’s National data were used and one Logistic model and one Calmed model were employed to analyze the efficients of the independent variables. The resets of this study were as follows. The family’s attitudes toward the work of married women among the employed women was highly positive and the one toward the unemployment among the unemployed women was positive too. The variables having significant effects on the husbands’attitudes and the parents(parents in law)’attitudes toward the work of married women were different. The family’s altitudes had a very significant effect on the employment status of married women. Also, the financial situation of the household and some difficulties to find proper house keepers or child care types were important variables to predict the employment status of married women.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.251-274
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• 2007

Although linkages between poverty and disability are often noted, until recently they have not been systematically examined in Korea. Many people with disabilities tend to become poorer because they lack access to jobs. And income support programs are not sufficient. But more severe is people with disabilities in labor market tend to be poor. The purposes of this study were to explore the characteristics of working poor with disabilities and to identify the major determinants of poverty. For this, '2005 Survey on the Workers With Disabilities' was used. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, logistic regression. The results showed that gender, age, education level, marital status, region where they live, the number of the household member, the severity of disability, the onset of disability are significant predictors in determining their poverty status. Also employment status, occupation type, industry type, numbers of years in current job are major determinants of their poverty status. Finally, based on these results several policy implications were presented.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.593-610
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• 2009

The Purpose of this study are to examine the middle-age and old worker's employment rates by age and gender at economic depression and recovery periods after the economic crisis, to identify the main 3causes of the change of the middle-age and old worker's employment rates between two periods, and to analyze whether the determinants affecting the middle-age and old worker's employment may be different by age and gender. For this study, The Annual Korean Labor Panel data(from 1st to 7th) are used. The results show that the employment rates are increased in the economic recovery period, and the difference between male and female employment rates decrease as ages go up. As we predicted, the determinants affecting the middle-age and old worker's employment are different by age and gender. For example, the existence of partner has positive effect on the male employment, but negative effect on female employment. The increases of the middle and old age worker's employment rates in the recovery period are mainly caused by the extension of the individualism(that is, the increases of the middle and upper class workers' employment), rather than the increases of the poor workers' employment rates due to the poverty(that is, the increases of the lower and poor class workers' employment). In the recovery period, comparing to the economic depression periods, the middle-age and old workers in the high class were likely to remain his(her) a good job while those in lower class are more difficult to get a job. This results show that the polarization of middle-age and old worker's employment has been appeared in the recovery periods(after 2001).

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.spc
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• pp.525-533
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• 2020

Purpose: Workers in special employment relationship (WSERs) are workers in nonstandard employment arrangements who lack worker protection accorded in standard employment arrangements. This study aimed to describe self-rated health (SRH) and depressive symptoms (DS) among Korean WSERs in comparison to regular wage workers (RWW) and identify associations between working conditions and those outcomes. Methods: In this study, secondary data analysis using the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey was used. The sample totaled 29,120, including 1,538 WSERs and 27,564 RWWs. Sociodemographic and work-related characteristics were employed as explanatory variables and SRH and DS as dependent variables. Using multiple logistic regression, the determinants of fair/poor SRH and DS were identified. Results: The prevalence rates for fair/poor SRH and DS in WSERs were 25.2% and 28.3%, respectively, and 20.7% and 25.0% in RWWs, respectively. Compared to RWWs, WSERs had 31% (aOR=1.31, 95% CI=1.14~1.49) and 20% (aOR=1.20, 95% CI=1.06~1.36) higher odds of SRH and DS, respectively. Some factors, such as a lack of rest guarantee and sickness presenteeism, had a larger influence in the WSER than in the RWW group. Conclusion: Compared to RWWs, WSERs reported having poorer working conditions and were more likely to report poor general and mental health. Therefore, in Korea, public health policymakers should consider measures to protect the working conditions and health of WSERs, a growing segment of the working population. The study produced new epidemiological evidence regarding the relationships between employment arrangements and health.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.534-540
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• 2020

Like most developed countries, South Korea is experiencing a severe lack of seafarers. Because young people's demands for a high quality of life has led them to seek shore-based careers. The wage difference between seafaring and shore-based careers has been decreasing gradually, however South Korea's unique Boarding Service Reserve System Policy has helped recruit and retain young sailors and, since 2017, the government has focused on creating new jobs and stabilizing the status of irregular workers in both private and public sectors. It specifically established the Economic, Social & Labor Council to carefully analyze seafarers' employment stability, which previously had been overlooked in the country. This research used the Binary Logit Model (BLM) to analyze the determinants of seafarers' employment stability in both permanent and non-permanent positions. We found that seafarers' employment stability correlated highly with their education level. This means that seafarers who graduated from the above mentioned two maritime universities would have more job stablity than those who graduated from maritime high schools or general universities. Other independent variables, such as the shipping company, vessel, hip management companies, work assignment, rank, and license had no significant impact on employment stability.