• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to measure perceiving extent on father and mother's authority - domain perceived by child and the some materials for bringing up authority - domain in according to the sex and development level of child. The study subjects were children of 3rd elementary schools and 3rd middle schools at Cheong - ju city Chungcheongbuk - do and duration for investigation was from Sept. 24, '97 to Sept. 28, '97. The measuring sample was "Parents' Authority Index" by Kim, Kyeong - hee(1990). The Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, t - test and ANOVA using the SPSSWIN program. The conclusion of this study were as follows; 1. The perceptive extent regarding parents' authorities has shown very voluntary differences in identity authority. It has shown voluntary differences ligitimacy authority and competency authority as well. 2. In the father's authority - domain based on the child's sex, girl group recognized higher than boy group for the ligitmacy authority as a elementary school students. 3. In the father's authority - domain aspect based on child's developing level, for the ligitmacy authority boy group showed most voluntary difference. In the mother's authority based on child's developing level, all of boy and girl group recognized highly exchange authority with a voluntary difference. 4. In concering the correlation of each authority - domains to father and mother percevied by children, it was shown the highest within identical realm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2010

Purpose: This study compared the major parent's height and life style between short and tall stature groups of students attending the elementary schools. Methods: Data were collected during the period of 5 to 24, November 2007 at the fifth and sixth grades of the five elementary schools. Two groups were selected on the basis of the guideline titled 'Growth Standard for Infants and Juveniles in 2007': Tall group of 232 students whose height was greater than 75 percentile and short group of 227 students was less than 25 percentile. Results: The average height was 137.9 cm for short group and 155.3 cm for tall group. The results of the logistic analysis implied that parent's height was related with odds ratio equal to 1.141 for father's height and 1.145 for mother height. Analysis of the eating habit, there was no significant difference observed between the two groups. While The two group showed a statistically significant difference in their physical activity. Conclusion: There is the necessity for guidance and health education program about the proper life style.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.685-695
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• 2016

This study suggests different improvement practices of adolescents' multicultural acceptability to compare the factors influencing multicultural acceptability with elementary and middle school students. The data used in this study come from the Korean Child and Youth Panel Study(KCYPS) of the National Youth Policy Institute(NYPI) comprising 4,092 responses from 5th grade elementary school students and 4th grade(middle school 2nd grade) of elementary school students. The study data were subjected to hierarchical regression analysis to give the following findings. First, Levels of Multicultural Acceptability were significantly different. Second, factors influencing multicultural acceptability for elementary school students and middle school students were different. Common factors were mother's education level, life's satisfaction, peer relationship, teacher relationship, and spirit of community. Factors for elementary school students's multicultural acceptability were subjective academic achievement, community awareness, experiences of cultural activity, and overseas visiting experiences. The factor for middle school students's multicultural acceptability was family/group travel experiences. Our findings highlight the importance of programs and education that are suitable for children's developmental level. Such peer group programs need to be offered for middle school students to achieve spirit of community and educational group program and various extracurricular activities to achieve community awareness and develop a spirit of community for elementary school students.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2006

This study was carried out to identify factors related to breakfasts in elementary, middle and high school students. This study was surveyed by questionnaires and data was analyzed by SPSS program. Exploratory analysis was conducted according to three school student groups (elementary children, middle school students, and high school students). The subjects were 1,886 school students (female 893, male 959) of 51 schools in the nationwide region. The distribution of subjects was elementary school children 544, middle school students 661 and high school students 681. The results are summarized as follows. Only sixty percent of the subjects had breakfast regularly. About one fourth of the subjects had the habit of skipping breakfast or eating it 2$\sim$3 times per week. Frequency of having breakfast and reasions of skipping breakfast were significantly different according to school student groups (p < 0.001 respectively). The rate of skipping breakfast was $14.4\%$ in elementary school, $16.1\%$ in middle school, and $25.0\%$ in high school. The main reason for skipping breakfast was 'not delicious or poor appetite' in elementary school ($42.5\%$), but 'busy' in middle ($50.2\%$) and high school ($61.1\%$). There was no significant difference in frequency of having breakfast according to living areas (rural and urban). There were not significant differences between frequency of having breakfast and BMI and degree of satisfaction on body weight. But there were significant difference in frequency of having breakfast according to economical status (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in degree of school performance according to frequency of having breakfast (p < 0.001) There was significant relationship between the time of attending school and the frequency of having breakfast. But there were significant relationships between frequency of having breakfast and time of rising. These findings suggested that the time of rising was controlled by having enough time that students eat breakfast. And mother (or person who prepares meals) must have more concerns about preparing breakfast for children and students.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify sexual violence, sexual knowledge of elementary school high grade students and develop the sexual violence protect promotion program. Method: The subjects of the study were 365 elementary school high-grade students in Daegu, Gyeongbook. The instruments used in this study were sexual violence(8items) by Yom et al.(2001) and sexual knowledge (20items) by Ha(2000). The data were collected between November 26 and December 1, 2001 by using a self-administered questionnaire. Analysis of data was done by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient. t-test, A-NOVA and Duncan test with SPSS program. Result: 1) 78.4% of the subjects were educated for sexual knowledge. Source of knowledge for sex-related knowledge is the most teachers. 2) 50.9% of the subjects were educated for sexual violence. Source of knowledge for sexual violence is the most teachers. 3) 18.4% subjects experience sexual harassment. 8.8% of the subjects experienced serious sexual contact and 2.1% of the subjects were raped. 4) The average score of sex related knowledge was 8.93. The average score of misconception related sexual violence was 2.30. 5) Misconception of sexual violence was correlated with such demographic variables as grade(F=4.788, p=0.009), sex(t=2.971 p=0.003), region(t=3.614, p=0.000), father's education level(F=3.170, p=0.014), mother's education level(F=2.528, p=0.041), family income(F=5.577 p=0.004) 6) In the correlation between the scores of sex-related knowledge, misconception related sexual violence was a negative correlation. Conclusion: According to this study, it is needed to develop the program about sexual violence education for elementary school high-grade students.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.59-72
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• 2021

Based on the theory of adolescent development, the study analyzed how the relationship among elementary school students and their parents and intimacy between the parents affects elementary school children's gaming disorders. The current study focused on the different gender effects and the relationship between parents. The results indicated that the closer the relationship with the mother of elementary school girls and the better the relationship between the parents of boys were associated with the lower the gaming disorder. The significance of study is to analyze the importance of the relationship between parents in preventing gaming disorder.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 2008

Purpose : This study is descriptive correlation research to provide basic materials for developing program which can give practical assistance in preventing and managing obesity through more comprehensive approaches of influential factors on obesity found in existing literatures. Methods : Data were collected from the 4th, 5th and 6th graders at 2 elementary schools in Gwangju Metropolitan City and 4 elementary schools in Jeollanamdo province using questionnaire and students' physical examination results from June 15 to July 27, 2006 and data obtained from 1,866 students were used for analysis. Data collected were analyzed with technical statistics and correlation analysis using SPSS/PC(version 12.0). Results : 1. Obesity level of elementary school students was examined as follows; 33.2% had low weight, 44.3% normal, 10.8% overweight and 11.7% obese. 14.8% of boys and 8.6% of girls, 13.5% of the 4th graders, 12.1% of the 5th graders and 9.2% of the 6th graders, and 13.7% of urban students and 9.6% of rural students were obese. 2. According to general characteristics and obesity of the subjects, there were significant differences by sex(${\chi}^2=29.55$, p= .000), grade(${\chi}^2=12.84$, p= .046), region(${\chi}^2=41.96$, p= .000) and pocket money(${\chi}^2=33.43$, p= .001). 3. As genetic factors, all variables including sibling's obesity r= .128(p= .000), mother's obesity r= .098(p= .000) and father's obesity r= .081(p= .001) had influence on children's obesity. 4. Concerning environmental factors, there was positive correlation between eating habits r=- .052(p= .02) and school record r=- .048(p= .04) and there was negative correlation between internet using time r= .050(p= .03) and conflict with parents r= .048(p= .04). 5. Self-respect as psychological factor had negative correlation as r=- .048(p= .04). Conclusion : Consequently, the influential factors on obesity of elementary school students were as follows. Obesity was higher in boys than in girls, in urban areas than in rural areas, in lower grade than in higher grade, in children with obese siblings, obese father and mother, irregular and wrong eating habits, frequent internet uses, parents in conflict and lower school record and self-respect. Therefore, since it was found that these variables were more exact causes to increase children's obesity, development of various obesity mediation programs considering these variables at home, school and society is urgently required.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.15-37
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• 2006

In this investigation of child's psychological wellbeing and parental satisfaction with dual income family(DIF), subjects were 297 3rd and 5th grade elementary school students and their mothers. Results showed that boys and younger children were more satisfied with mother's working than girls and older children. Mothers' DIF satisfaction was dependent on gross family income, parents' occupations, working conditions of each parent, commuter marriage status, and length of time in DIF. Child's psychological wellbeing related positively to mother's parental satisfaction, and to mother's satisfaction with parental roles, parent-child relationships, spouse support and child support. Only sub factors of dilemmas in parental role related negatively to DIF status. Child's satisfaction with mother's roles, father's roles, and mother working influenced mother's parental role satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.18-32
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of injury prevention education on elementary school students. We are selected two elementary school in Tejeon, one was intervention school, the other was control school. Surveys were completed before the begining of the interventions in February in 1994 and again after their completion in July 1994. Intervention group was 284 students in pre-test and 218 students in post-test. And control group was 253 students in pre-test and 208 students in post-test. The results of this study was followed. 1. In the general characteristics of subjects studied, sex, mother education, father education, economic status, number of household, and traffic environment were not significant difference between intervention and control group(p>0.05). 2. The contents of injury prevention education that subjects wished to learn, were not significant difference between intervention and control group(p>0.05). Also the mothods of that were significant difference between intervention and control group in pre-test(p<0.05) but not in post-test(p>0.05). 3. Education in knowledge, attitude and practice of injury prevention was slightly effectiveness. Change in attitude of injury prevention was higher than in knowledge and attitude of that we guess that they require a lot of education in the pedestrian prevention. 4. Reative risk between intervention and control group in injury incidence was 1.53 in hospital-care students, and 1.43 in home-care children. Also relative risk of total injury incidence was 1.38, therefore we knew that injury incidence after education was reduced. 5. In the analysis of injury causes, pedestrain injury was remarkably reduced at hospital-care students in two group. At home-care students, two groups were high proportion in play injury. 6. In the analysis of injury places, intervention group was high proportion at near-the house in pre-test(35.4%) and at school in post-test(36.4%). And control group was high at inside-the house in pre-test(31.5%) and at near-the house in post-test(28.2%).

• Educational Technology International
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.139-167
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• 2021

After experiencing school closures and online learning caused by COVID-19, the important role of school education was reinforced. Elementary school is the foundation of life and allows students to develop both social and academic skills. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediational role of Self-Regulatory Skills (SRS) on the relationship between Maternal Parenting Attitude (MPA) and School Adjustment (SA) of elementary school students. A total of 99 students enrolled in an international school in Seoul, Korea from grades 3 to 6 participated in this study. Data were analyzed through Independent Sample T-Test, one way ANOVA, Multiple Regression Analysis, and Hierarchical Regression Analysis using the SPSS 23.0. The findings of the study were as follows. First, there is a difference between genders and among grades. Second, only acceptance was significantly related to school adjustment. Third, acceptance, strict control, and accepted control are significantly related to SRS. Fourth, Self-Regulatory Skills (Sustained Attention) fully mediate the relationship between Maternal Parenting Attitude (Acceptance) and School Adjustment (Academic Attitude/ Rule compliance). Educational implications for understanding the role of parenting attitude and future directions are discussed.