• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.189-195
• /
• 2012

Epimedii Herba is a traditional medicinal herb used in Korea and China and exerts estrogenic activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of peripubertal administration of Epimedii Herba on pubertal development in female rats using a modified protocol of the rodent 20-day pubertal female assay. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (21 days old after weaning, 10 rats per group) were divided into five groups: saline (Con), ethinyl estradiol (E2), Epimedii Herba ext (Ext), icariin (ICI), and icaritin (ICT), which were administered by oral gavage (E2 by subcutaneous injection) from postnatal day (PND) 21 through PND40. The time to vaginal opening (VO) was shorter for the Epimedii groups, particularly for the ICT group (p<0.05). Treatment with ICI and ICT significantly increased the duration of the estrus cycle (ICI, 2.78 days; ICT, 4.0 days; control, 1.78 days). Ovary weight was reduced by E2 treatment and increased by the Ext, ICI, and ICT treatments while the weight of the uterus and pituitary glands increased significantly only in the E2 and ICT groups. Although Epimedii Herba displayed relatively weak estrogenic activity, its repeated administration could affect pubertal development in female rats.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.147-159
• /
• 2008

Objectives : In order to investigate the relation of body composition analysis and isokinetic trunk muscle strength for the screening test of low back pain. Methods : This study was carried out with the data from comprehensive medical testing. 75 subject aged 20-59 performed the segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis, isokinetic trunk muscle strength test and questionnaire. Then we analyzed the relationship of data. Results : Low back pain(LBP) prevalence in high obesity index(Body mass index(BMI), Percentage of Body Fat(PBF), Waist Hip Ratio(WHR)) group was higher than LBP prevalence in normal obesity index group(p<0.001). In LBP group, Extension Peak Torque(Ext.PT), Extension Peak Torque per Body Weight(Ext.PT/BW) were significantly lower than Non-LBP group(p<0.001). And 90% of LBP group indicated abnormal Extension-Flexion Ratio(E/F ratio)(1.0 < Normal E/F ratio <1.6). When it comes to analyze relation between obesity index and muscle strength, Ext.PT/BW was significantly decreased according to PBF, WHR score. And correlation coefficient in Flex.PT, Flex.PT/BW, Ext.PT, Ext.PT/BW and PBF showed decreasing function. Conclusions : Results from this investigation showed positive correlation between obesity and LBP prevalence. Decreased muscle strength and inbalanced E/F ratio were shown in LBP. Trunk muscle strength was changed according to body mass composition parameters. This results are expected to contribute to prevent and diagnose LBP by application the clinical index of body composition analysis.

• 정보보호학회논문지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.77-91
• /
• 2019

최근의 리눅스 운영체제는 자동차의 콘솔, CCTV, IoT기기, 모바일기기 등에 이르기까지 사용량이 증가하여 커널 버전 또한 다양하게 활용되고 있다. 해당 기기들은 범죄 수사 시 강력한 증거자료로 활용될 수 있기 때문에 파일 삭제를 통한 증거 인멸의 우려가 있다. Ext 파일시스템 포렌식은 기기의 종류에 의존하지 않고 삭제된 파일을 복원할 수 있기 때문에 심도 있는 연구가 수행되어 왔다. 하지만 커널에 따라 달라질 수 있는 파일시스템의 특성은 고려되지 않은 채 연구를 진행해왔다. 이러한 문제점은 실제 수사에서 상이한 버전의 커널을 대상으로 분석을 시도할 경우 파일시스템의 주요 메타데이터 분석이 제대로 이루어지지 않아 수사능력을 저해하고 증거능력의 의심을 받는 등 심각한 상황을 초래할 수 있다. 실제 수사 현장에서는 다양한 배포판 및 커널 버전의 리눅스 파일시스템을 대상으로 수사가 진행될 수 있기 때문에, 실증적으로 활용될 수 있도록 리눅스 배포판 및 커널 버전별로 파일 삭제 시 발생하는 메타데이터 변화 차이에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문은 이에 대한 해결 방안으로 리눅스 커널에 따른 메타데이터의 차이를 분석하고 삭제된 파일의 복원을 수행한다. 이후 수사기관은 Ext 파일시스템 포렌식 수행 시리눅스 커널 버전 차이에 의해 생기는 메타데이터 변화에 대한 고려가 필요하다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
• /
• pp.496-498
• /
• 2008

We have developed green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high quantum efficiency. Wide-energy-gap material, 1,1-bis[(di-4-tolylamino) phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC), with high triplet energy level was used as a hole transporting layer. Electrophosphorescent devices fabricated using TAPC as a hole-transporting layer and N,N'-dicarbazolyl-4,4'-biphenyl (CBP) doped with fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium [Ir(ppy)3] as the emitting layer showed the maximum external quantum efficiency ($\eta_{ext}$) of 19.8 %, which is much higher than the devices adopting 4,4'-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenyl-amino]biphenyl (NPB) (${\eta}B_{ext}=14.6%$) as a hole transporting layer.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2013

비정상적인 시스템 종료로 인해 파일 시스템이 손상되었을 경우 시스템은 fsch을 이용하여 일관성 검사를 수행하며 이는 오랜 시간이 소요된다. 특히 대용량의 파일 시스템인 경우에는 상당한 시간이 걸린다. 저널링 기법을 이용한 저널링 파일 시스템은 메타 데이터를 이용하기 때문에 복구 시간을 상당히 단축시킬 수 있으며, 복구시 복구 확률도 높일 수 있다. 본 논문의 목적은 현재 리눅스에서 사용되고 있는 저널링 파일 시스템을 커널 기반의 벤치 마킹 도구인 Iozone을 사용하여 파일의 read, write 중심으로 성능을 비교평가하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 현재 리눅스의 기본 파일 시스템인 Ext4 파일 시스템이 파일 읽기 성능이 경우 XFS 파일 시스템보다 1.28배, 파일의 쓰기 성능의 경우 Ext3 보다 1.22배 빠르게 전송되었다.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of sperm collection methods on the post-thaw viability of cat semen. The cat semen was collected by artificial virginal (AV) and electronic ejaculate (EE) methods. The composition of semen extender was consisted of Tris-buffer supplemented with 20% egg yolk and 1% P/S antibiotics in Ext I, and more added 8% glycerol, 1.0% Equex STM paste of total volume in Ext II. The collected semen was adjusted the concentration and then diluted in Ext I for optimal concentration. The diluted semen was cooling to $5^{\circ}C$ temperature in refrigerator for at least 2 hrs and then diluted stepwise with Ext II for at least 1 hrs. After an equilibration for 1 hrs, the cooled semen was packaged in 0.5 ml straw and then freezing on the $LN_2$ vapor over 5 cm above from $LN_2$ and then immersed directly in $LN_2$ for cryopreservation. The frozen semen was thawed in $38^{\circ}C$ water for 15 sec and then evaluated the motility, viability, and morphology. Post-thaw semen were calculated the motility by SMI (sperm motility index). The live-dead sperm was evaluated by Eosin-B and morphological evaluation was by Diff-quik kit staining. The post-thaw concentration ($89{\times}10^6$ /ml vs. $128{\times}10^6$ /ml), viability ($22.6{\pm}10.6%$ vs. $37.1{\pm}26.1%$), morphological normality ($27.0{\pm}50.2%$ vs. $45.6{\pm}123.0%$) of EE and AV groups were not significant different, but the post-thaw motility was significant lower in EE than that in AV group ($53.1{\pm}3.6$ vs. $73.6{\pm}5.7$) (p<0.05). In conclusion, semen collection methods did not significant different between EE and AV groups except of post-thaw motility and so both semen collection methods could be applied in feline semen collection methods.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.170-176
• /
• 2008

The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of a set of 35 flavonoid compounds presenting antioxidant activity was established by means of Genetic Algorithm-Multiple Linear Regression (GA-MLR) technique. Four-parametric models for two sets of data, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity $(R^2=0.788,\;Q^2_{cv}=0.699\;and\;Q^2_{ext}=0.577)$ and scavenging activity of reactive oxgen species (ROS) induced by $H_2O_2 (R^=0.829,\;Q^2_{cv}=0.754\;and\;Q^2_{ext}=0.573)$ were obtained with low external predictive ability on a mass basis, respectively. Each model gave some different mechanistic aspects of the flavonoid compounds tested in terms of the radical scavenging activity. Topological charge, H-bonding complex and deprotonation processes were likely to be involved in the radical scavenging activity.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.649-657
• /
• 2013

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring, I an ideal of R and T be a non-zero I-cofinite R-module with dim(T) ${\leq}$ 1. In this paper, for any finitely generated R-module N with support in V(I), we show that the R-modules $Ext^i_R$(T,N) are finitely generated for all integers $i{\geq}0$. This immediately implies that if I has dimension one (i.e., dim R/I = 1), then $Ext^i_R$($H^j_I$(M), N) is finitely generated for all integers $i$, $j{\geq}0$, and all finitely generated R-modules M and N, with Supp(N) ${\subseteq}$ V(I).

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.441-445
• /
• 2005

Tripterygium regelii has been used as an oriental medicine, especially antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying agents in East asia. During our research to develop new antitumor agents from natural products, MeOH ext. and CH2Cl2 ext. of Tripterygium regelii showed the potent antitumor activity. In order to purify active compounds from Tripterygium regelii, activity-guided fractionation was carried out. Silica gel and RP-18 column chromatography for the active fraction led to the isolation of two compounds and their antitumor activities were studied. Those two compounds didn't show potent antitumor activity against human tumor cell lines. The structure of two compounds were determined by $^1H-NMR$, $^{13}C-NMR$, DEPT, $^1H-^{13}C$ COSY and IR spectrum. Compound I and Compound II were turned out to be Celastrol, and ${\beta}-sitosteryl-3-o-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ respectively.

• 대한수학회논문집
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.21-38
• /
• 2023

Let R be a commutative ring with identity. Let R be an integral domain and M a torsion-free R-module. We investigate the relation between the notion of e-exactness, recently introduced by Akray and Zebari [1], and generalized the concept of homology, and establish a relation between e-exact sequences and homology of modules. We modify some applications of e-exact sequences in homology and reprove some results of homology with e-exact sequences such as horseshoe lemma, long exact sequences, connecting homomorphisms and etc. Next, we generalize two special drived functor T or and Ext, and study some properties of them.