• 한국자기학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 1993

수소$(^{1}H)$와 불소$(^{19}F)$ 원자핵에 대한 펄스 핵자기공명 기법을 써서 $CuF_{2}.2H_{2}O$ 분말 시료를 연구하였다. 선모양과 스핀-격자 완화의 측정으로 공명 원자핵들은 격자내 상자성 이온들의 영향을 강하게 받음을 알 수 있었다. 또 이로부터 상자성 이온의 상관시간(correlation time)을 계산할 수 있었으며 관측된 공명선 폭과 스핀 메아리 붕괴상수로부터 스핀-스핀 상호작용의 크기와 공명원자핵들은 운동상태를 유추할 수 있었다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.334-340
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 파라핀으로 코팅된 Rb원자 증기셀에서 전자기 유도 투과(Electromagnetically induced transparency: EIT)와 Hanle 스펙트럼을 관측하고 분석하였다. EIT스펙트럼은 독립적으로 발진하는 두 대의 외부 공진형 반도체 레이저를 이용하여 $^{85}Rb$의 $D_1$ 전이선($F_g=2$, $3{\rightarrow}F_e=3$)에서 관측하였고, Hanle 스펙트럼은 한대의 외부 공진형 반도체를 이용하여 $^{87}Rb$의 $D_1$ 전이선($F_g=2{\rightarrow}F_e=1$)의 자기 부준위 사이의 3준위 $\Lambda$형 구도에서 관측하였다. 파라핀 코팅된 루비듐 증기 셀에서 Hanle 스펙트럼에서 이중구조를 관측할 수 있었고,증기셀 주변의 자기장의 세기를 변화시켜서 얻은Hanle 스펙트럼에서 이중구조의 스펙트럼 형태의 변화를 외부자기장의 방향과 크기에 따른 조사하였다. 이때 이중 구조에서 좁은 영역의 스펙트럼의 선폭은 200 Hz로 측정되었다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 1995

Working depth of the model net was determined by using of the same experimental tank and the same model net that used in the forwarded report in a series studies. The depth of the net which indicates the depth of the head rope from the water surface, was determined by the photographs taken in front of the net mouth with the combination of towing velocity, warp length and distance between paired boats. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. Working depth of model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.09~1.66$m$,and 0.04~1.34$m$(which can be converted into 2.7~40.2$m$and 1.2~49.8$m$in the full-scale net) respectively, and the depth of model net A was slightly deeper than the depth of the model net B. 2. Working depth ($D$,which is appendixed m for the model net, f for the full-scale net, A and B for the types of the model nets) can be expressed as the function of towing velocity$V_t$, as in the model net($V_t$=$m$/$sec$) $D_{mA}$=(-1.99+0.65$L_w$) $e^{-1.72V_t}$ $D_{mA]$=(-1.91+1.04 $L_w$) $e^{2.88V_t}$ in the full-scale net($V_t$=$k$'$t$ $D_{fA}$=(-29.32+0.65$L_w$)$e^{0.40 V_t}$ $D_{fB}$=(-57.60+1.04$L_w$)$e^{-0.67 V_t}$ 3. Working depth 9$D$ appendixes are as same as the former) can be expressed as the function of warp length$L_w$) in the model net, and can be converted into full-scale net as in the model net ($V_t$=$m$/$sec$) $D_{mA}$=-0.99 $e^{-1.42V_t}$+0.67$e^{-1359V_t}$$L_w$ $D_{mB}$=-.258$e^{-3.77V_t}$+1.16$e^{-3.15V_t$ $L^w$, in the full-scale net($V_t$=k't) $D_{fA}$=-29.28$e^{-0.32V_t}$+0.67$e^{-0.37V_t$$L_w$ $D_{fB}$=-69.10$e^{-0.81V_t}$+1.16$e^{-0.72V_t}$$L_w$. 4. Working depth was gradually shallowed according to the increase of the distance between paired boats.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제14권1_2호
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• pp.387-395
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• 2004

Given operators X and Y acting on a Hilbert space H, an interpolating operator is a bounded operator A such that AX = Y. An interpolating operator for n-operators satisfies the equation $AX_{i}\;=\;Y_{i}$, for i = 1,2,...,n. In this article, we showed the following: Let H be a Hilbert space and let L be a subspace lattice on H. Let X and Y be operators acting on H. Assume that range(X) is dense in H. Then the following statements are equivalent: (1) There exists an operator A in AlgL such that AX = Y, $A^{*}$ = A and every E in L reduces A. (2) sup ${\frac{$\mid$$\mid${\sum_{i=1}}^n\;E_iYf_i$\mid$$\mid$}{$\mid$$\mid${\sum_{i=1}}^n\;E_iXf_i$\mid$$\mid$}$:n{\epsilon}N,f_i{\epsilon}H\;and\;E_i{\epsilon}L}\;<\;{\infty}$ and = for all E in L and all f, g in H.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.543-555
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• 2019

In this paper, we give some results on ${\frac{zf^{\prime}(z)}{f(z)}}$ for the certain classes of holomorphic functions in the unit disc $E=\{z:{\mid}z{\mid}<1\}$ and on ${\partial}E=\{z:{\mid}z{\mid}=1\}$. For the function $f(z)=z^2+c_3z^3+c_4z^4+{\cdots}$ defined in the unit disc E such that $f(z){\in}{\mathcal{A}}_{\alpha}$, we estimate a modulus of the angular derivative of ${\frac{zf^{\prime}(z)}{f(z)}}$ function at the boundary point b with ${\frac{bf^{\prime}(b)}{f(b)}}=1+{\alpha}$. Moreover, Schwarz lemma for class ${\mathcal{A}}_{\alpha}$ is given. The sharpness of these inequalities is also proved.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2020

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli는 신생 및 이유기 돼지설사의 주요 원인체로서 전세계적으로 양돈산업에 큰 경제적 손실을 끼치고 있다. 그러나 현재 국내에는 이러한 E. coli가 보유하는 다양한 병원성유전자의 분포 및 특성에 대한 정보가 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2013년부터 2016년까지 국내 163개 양돈농장에서 이유기 설사증 개체로부터 면봉스왑 샘플을 채취하여 동일 농장의 개체일 경우 5개에서 10개 정도를 혼합한 후, MacConkey agar에 배양하여 최종 API 32E system을 통하여 동정하였다. 분리된 모든 균주에 대해서 3 가지의 다른 multiplex PCR을 수행하여 총 13 종의 병원성유전자의 분포를 확인하였다. 이를 통하여 총 172개의 최소 한가지 이상의 병원성 유전자를 가지는 E. coli 균주를 확인하였고, 그 결과 병원성 유전자의 분포는 (1) fimbrial adhesins (43.0%): F4 (16.9%), F5 (4.1%), F6 (1.7%), F18 (21.5%), and F41 (3.5%); (2) toxins (90.1%): LT (19.2%), STa (20.9%), STb (25.6%), Stx2e (15.1%), EAST1 (48.3%); and (3) non-fimbrial adhesin (19.6%): EAE (14.0%), AIDA-1 (11.6%) and PAA (8.7%)로 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구결과는 국내 양돈농장의 이유기 설사증에 관연하는 E. coli는 다양한 종류의 병원성 유전자를 가지고 있으며 그러한 병원성 유전자의 조합도 매우 다양하게 분포하고 있음을 나타낸다.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.75-85
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• 1993

For A and B, $-1{\leq}B<A{\leq}1$, let P[A, B] be the class of functions p analytic in the unit disk E with P(0) = 1 and subordinate to $\frac{1+Az}{1+Bz}$. We introduce the class $T_{\alpha}[A,B]$ of functions $f:f(z)=z+\sum\limits_{n=2}^{{\infty}}a_nz^n$ which are analytic in E and for $z{\in}E$, ${\alpha}{\geq}0$, $[(1-{\alpha}){\frac{f(z)}{z}}+{\alpha}f^{\prime}(z)]{\in}P[A,B]$. It is shown that, for ${\alpha}{\geq}1$, $T_{\alpha}[A,B]$ consists entirely of univalent functions and the radius of univalence for $f{\in}T_{\alpha}[A,B]$, $0<{\alpha}<1$ is obtained. Coefficient bounds and some other properties of this class are studied. Some radii problems are also solved.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.187-202
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• 1989

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of indomethacin on prostaglandins in 4-Nitroquinoline-N-Oxide (4-NQO) induced palatal carcinoma of albino rats. 128 Sprague-Dawley strain albino rats-about 100g in body weight-were used in this study, divided into as belows; 1. Normal group (16-albino rats) with no treatment, 2. Control group (16-albino rats) treated with prophylene application onto palatal mucosa 3 times a week. 3. Experimental group I (48-albino rats) treated with 0.5% 4-NQO in prophylene application onto palatal mucosa 3 times a week. 4. Experimental group II (48-albino rats) treated with 0.5% 4-NQO in prophylene application with administered $20{\mu}g/ml$ of indomethacin in drinking water ad. lib. Four animals were sacrificed 7th, 13th, 19th, and 25th week respectively in normal and control group, and 7th, 9th, 11th, 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th and 29th week respectively in experimental group I and II at each time. The palatal and lingual tissues were excised and kept frozen at $-70^{\circ}C$. Densitometer scan and Beta-counting counter were used for the thin layer chromatography of the arachidonic acid metabolites. The obtained results were as belows; 1. In normal and control group, there was little change of the arachidonic acid metabolites during experiment period, and the tissue homogenates included prostaglandin $D_2$, 6-keto-prostaglandin $F_{1{\alpha}}$, prostaglandin $E_2$, thromboxane $B_2$, prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$ in that order of relative abundances. 2. In experimental group I, prostaglandin $D_2$, and prostaglandin $E_2$ were increased, while 6-keto-prostaglandin $F_{1{\alpha}}$ and thromboxane $B_2$ were decreased in relative abundances of arachidonic acid metabolites. And there was little change in prostaglandin $F_{1{\alpha}}$ 3. In experimental group II, prostaglandin $D_2$, and prostaglandin $E_2$ were increased, while 6-keto-prostaglandin $F_{1{\alpha}}$ and thromboxane $B_2$ were decreased in relative abundances of arachidonic acid metabolites. And there was little change in prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$ also. 4. In the range of increase in prostaglandin $D_2$, and prostaglandin $E_2$, and that of decrease in 6-keto-prostaglandin $F_{1{\alpha}}$ and thromboxane $B_2$, in relative abundances, there was wider in experimental group I than in group II. 5. In the range of increase in prostaglandin $D_2$, and prostaglandin $E_2$, and that of decrease in 6-keto-prostaglandin $F_{1{\alpha}}$ and thromboxane $B_2$, in relative abundances, there was wider in palatal mucosa than in lingual mucosa in experimental group I and II.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.233-245
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• 2013

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a Banach ternary algebra over a scalar field R or C and $\mathcal{X}$ be a ternary Banach $\mathcal{A}$-module. A quartic mapping $D\;:\;(\mathcal{A},[\;]_{\mathcal{A}}){\rightarrow}(\mathcal{X},[\;]_{\mathcal{X}})$ is called a $4^{th}$- order ternary derivation if $D([x,y,z])=[D(x),y^4,z^4]+[x^4,D(y),z^4]+[x^4,y^4,D(z)]$ for all $x,y,z{\in}\mathcal{A}$. In this paper, we prove Ulam stability generalizations of $4^{th}$- order ternary derivations associated to the following JMRassias quartic functional equation on fr$\acute{e}$che algebras: $$f(kx+y)+f(kx-y)=k^2[f(x+y)+f(x-y)]+2k^2(k^2-1)f(x)-2(k^2-1)f(y)$$.

• 음성과학
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• 제1권
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• pp.201-211
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• 1997

Acoustically a naturally-spoken vowel is composed of five formants. However, the acoustic quality of a vowel is known to be mostly determined by $F_1\;and\;F_2$. The main purpose of this study was to examine how synthesized vowels with $F_1\;and\;F_2$ are perceived by Korean native speakers. In addion, we are interested in finding whether the synthesized vowels are perceived differently by standard Korean speakers and Kyungnam regional dialect speakers. In the experiment 9 Seoul standard Korean speakers and 9 Kyungnam dialect speakers heard 536 vowels synthesized in vowel space with $F_1\;by\;F_2$ and categorized them into one of 10 Korean vowels. The resultant vowel map showed that each Korean vowel occupies an unique area in the two-dimensional vowel space of $F_1\;by\;F_2$, and confirmed that $F_1\;and\;F_2$ play important roles in the perception of vowels. The results also showed that the Seoul speakers and the Kyungnam speakers perceive the synthesized vowels differently. For example, /e/ versus /$\varepsilon$/ contrast, /y/, and /$\phi$/ are perceived differently by the Seoul speakers, whereas they were perceptually confused by the Kyungnam speakers. These results might be due to the different vowel systems of the standard Korean and the Kyungnam regional dialect. While the latter uses a six-vowel system which has no /e/ vs /$/ contrast, /v/ vs /i/ contrast, /y/, and /$\phi$/, the former recognizes these as different vowels. This result suggests that the vowel system of differing dialect restricts the perception of the Korean vowels. Unexpectedly /i/ does not occupy any area in the vowel apace. This result suggests that /i/ cannot be synthesized without $F_3$.