• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.163-169
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• 2019

Detection of estrus is an essential factor as a method of successful breeding in the sow. As increasing the adaption of the information and communication technology (ICT) into swine industry, this study focuses on a possibility and quantification of standing time, vulva and body temperature as methods of estrus detection, comparing each time and temperature in estrus and non-estrus period, and analyzing each success rate of new and existing methods. Ultrasonic sensor array and digital infrared thermography were used to evaluate whether new methods such as standing time and number, and vulva and skin temperature can be replaced, or these methods can be quantifiable in estrus period. Ultrasonic sensor array was installed beside the stall and digital infrared thermography was placed in the rear of sow to collect the dates of sow in estrus and non-estrus period. This study showed total standing time, number and number over 10 minutes, and vulva temperature of the sow in estrus period were increased (p < 0.05) compared with those of sow in non-estrus period, respectively. Detection of estrus using standing time and vulva temperature tended (p = 0.06) to increase the success rate when artificial insemination (AI) was performed. In conclusion, standing time and vulva temperature increased when estrus happened. Success rate of AI of sow using these methods showed an increasing trend. Therefore, existing method using the naked eye can be replaced to new method such as vulvar temperature and standing time when detecting the estrus.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.24
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

The aim of this study is to find the reasons of success and failure of digital animations in terms of 'immersion.' For the purpose, the causes of immersion were analyzed through complex comparison about concepts and stories of two animation films with similar size of budget: 'Shrek 2' which ranked number 1 in the box-office of animation and 'Mars Needs Moms' which ranked number 172 in the same category. The complex results showed that immersion becomes bigger with creativity and popularity of the characters' outer concept, diversity and organic of the characters' inner concept, and diversity and consistency of the background. Moreover, gradual arrangement of characters' appearance in the story and increasing number of the characters, and visual changes around the plot heightening with a well-organized passage increase immersion. After all, immersion of digital animation requires developing creative, diverse, and popular concept and arranging and strengthening strategic well-organized plot of parts and the whole. This is the key to convergence it.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2024

This study aimed to analyze cases of anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap used for hand reconstruction with terminal perforator-to-digital artery anastomosis. Patients who underwent ALT free flap placement with terminal perforator-to-digital artery anastomosis for hand reconstruction between January 2011 and August 2021 were included. The number, length, and diameter of the perforators and veins, flap size, and operative time were investigated through a retrospective review of charts and photographs. The occurrences of arterial thrombosis, venous thrombosis, arterial spasm, and flap necrosis were analyzed. In total, 50 patients were included in this study. The mean diameter and length of the perforators were 0.68 mm and 3.25 cm, respectively, and the mean number of veins anastomosed was 1.88, with a mean diameter of 0.54 mm. Complications included four cases of arterial thrombosis, one case of venous thrombosis, seven cases of partial necrosis, and one case of total flap failure. Regression analysis showed that a longer perforator was associated with arterial thrombosis whereas larger flap size and number of anastomosed veins were associated with partial necrosis (p < 0.05). The terminal perforator-to-digital artery anastomosis offers advantages in using compact free flaps with short pedicle lengths to cover small hand defects.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.155-167
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• 2024

Distribution and logistics industries contribute some of the biggest GDP(gross domestic product) in South Korea and the number of related companies are quarter of the total number of industries in the country. The number of retail tech companies are quickly increased due to the acceleration of the online and untact shopping trend. Furthermore, major distribution and logistics companies try to achieve integrated data management with the fulfillment process. In contrast, small and medium distribution companies still lack of the capacity and ability to develop digital innovation and smartization. Therefore, in this paper, a deep learning-based demand forecasting & recommendation model is proposed to improve business competitiveness. The proposed model is developed based on real sales transaction data to predict future demand for each product. The proposed model consists of six deep learning models, which are MLP(multi-layers perception), CNN(convolution neural network), RNN(recurrent neural network), LSTM(long short term memory), Conv1D-BiLSTM(convolution-long short term memory) for demand forecasting and collaborative filtering for the recommendation. Each model provides the best prediction result for each product and recommendation model can recommend best sales product among companies own sales list as well as competitor's item list. The proposed demand forecasting model is expected to improve the competitiveness of the small and medium-sized distribution and logistics industry.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.835-840
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• 2014

In this paper, we analyze the visual deviation for the sight mismatch between the digital broadcast camera during shooting and panelists due to sideways frequently the digital stopwatch for panelists who participated in the election broadcast to check the time limit. Match the sight of the on-air broadcast camera discussion and participants in the debate, such as the small studio is relatively stable. However, if a large number of participants in the discussion and broadcasting of the forum is a serious sight deviation occurring by sideways large LCD monitor stopwatch that is installed in the center. Therefore, in this paper, the number of panelists, the length of the desk, to discuss the analysis of fair value changes in accordance with the height and distance the distance between the digital stopwatch, and digital broadcast camera.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.169-187
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• 1998

The primary purpose of this study is to compare printed index and abstract user's behaviours with digital index and abstract user's behaviours, and to verify of structured characteristics of a printed index and abstract. The major findings are as follows: (1) When the research topic is not specified enough, users tend to rely on printed indexes and abstracts search, whereas they utilize digital form in order to do retrospective search in the stage of research when the topic is determined. (2) Printed index and abstract users are expecting small number of literatures in search, whereas digital index and abstract users are expecting large number of literatures to be found The former are more satisfied with the result of search than the latter. (3) Digital index and abstract users experience more search failure than printed Index and abstract users. When they fail to find wanted materials, both users turn to the other form of indexes and abstracts. (4) Printed index and abstract users shows significantly less knowledge on online searching than digital index and abstract users.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.128-130
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• 2016

The digital content industry is growing rapidly with the popularity of online content and mobile devices. This study estimates the technical efficiency of the online digital content industry, and identifies factors that could be causing inefficiency. Unlike most previous studies, which adopted input-oriented or output-oriented DEA model, this study employs non-oriented DEA model in order to deal with both input surpluses and output shortfalls. The input variables for the empirical analysis are number of companies and number of workers. The total sales is used as the output variables. The empirical results show that the technical efficiency of the online digital content industry is relatively low mainly due to the scale efficiency rather than the pure technical efficiency. This implies that industry-specific policies should be implemented in order to improve technical efficiency as well as to strengthen technological innovation capability. Therefore, it is expected that the results obtained in this study can be used as a good reference for helping the online digital content industry enhance their competitiveness.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.800-803
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• 2004

This paper presents a wavelet-based digital watermarking technique for still images. The digital watermarking considering human visual system (HVS) to increase the robustness and perceptual invisibility of digital watermark. The watermarking embedding is modified discrete wavelet transform (DWT) coefficients of the subbands of the images. The human visual system is number of factors that effect the noise sensitivity of human eyes that is considered to increase the robustness and perceptual invisibility of digital watermark. The watermark detection is blind watermark ( original image is not required ). Experimental results successful against attacks by image processing such as add noise, cropping, filtering, JPEG and JPEG2000 compression.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.77-89
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• 2010

Digital holography (DH) is a potentially disruptive new technology for many areas of imaging science, especially in microscopy and metrology. DH offers a number of significant advantages such as the ability to acquire holograms rapidly, availability of complete amplitude and phase information of the optical field, and versatility of the interferometric and image processing techniques. This article provides a review of the digital holography, with an emphasis on its applications in biomedical microscopy. The quantitative phase microscopy by DH is described including some of the special techniques such as optical phase unwrapping and holography of total internal reflection. Tomographic imaging by digital interference holography (DIH) and related methods is described, as well as its applications in ophthalmic imaging and in biometry. Holographic manipulation and monitoring of cells and cellular components is another exciting new area of research. We discuss some of the current issues, trends, and potentials.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.103-106
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• 2010

In this paper, the delay times were evaluated to develop highly reliable time-to-digital converter(TDC) in analog and digital delay element structures. The delay element can be designed by using current source or inverter. In case of using inverter, the number of inverter has to be controlled to adjust the delay time. And in case of using current source, the current for charging and discharging is controlled. When the current source is used the delay time of the delay element is not sensitive with varying the channel width of CMOS. However, when the inverter is used the delay time is directly related to the channel width of CMOS. Therefore to obtain good reliability in TDC circuit the delay element using current source is more stable compared to inverter in the viewpoint of the variation of fabrication process.