• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.723-732
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• 2016

We characterize proper biharmonic anti-invariant surfaces in 3-dimensional generalized (${\kappa}$, ${\mu}$)-manifolds with constant mean curvature by means of the scalar curvature of the ambient space and the mean curvature. In addition, we give a method for constructing infinity many examples of proper biharmonic submanifolds in a certain 3-dimensional generalized (${\kappa}$, ${\mu}$)-manifold. Moreover, we determine 3-dimensional generalized (${\kappa}$, ${\mu}$)-manifolds which admit a certain kind of proper biharmonic foliation.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.977-991
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• 2012

Let (M,F) and (M',F') be two foliated Riemannian manifolds with M compact. If the transversal Ricci curvature of F is nonnegative and the transversal sectional curvature of F' is nonpositive, then any transversally harmonic map ${\phi}:(M,F){\rightarrow}(M^{\prime},F^{\prime})$ is transversally totally geodesic. In addition, if the transversal Ricci curvature is positive at some point, then ${\phi}$ is transversally constant.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.5_6
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• pp.1461-1466
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• 2010

aSuppose that (M, g) is a complete Riemannian manifold with Ricci curvature bounded below by -K < 0 and (N, $\bar{b}$) is a complete Riemannian manifold with sectional curvature bounded above by a constant $\mu$ > 0. Let u : $M{\times}[0,\;{\infty}]{\rightarrow}B_{\tau}(p)$ is a heat equation for harmonic map. We estimate the energy density of u.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.825-838
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• 1998

We prove that if a real hypersurface with constant mean curvature of a complex space form satisfying ▽$_{ξ/}$S = 0 and Sξ = $\sigma$ξ for a smooth function $\sigma$, then the structure vector field ξ is principal, where S denotes the Ricci tensor of the hypersurface.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.502-507
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• 2009

Curvature extrusion process has several advantages in comparison to the conventional extrusion and bending process. In the curvature extrusion, the extruded part is directly bent during extrusion. Therefore, it does not need additional bending process after extrusion. In the curvature extrusion process, it is possible to produce curved extruded products that have a constant or various curvatures. It is essential that we predict the curvatures of the extruded product to meet the required curvatures. This paper proposed a theoretical model that can predict the curvature of extruded product produced by the curvature extrusion process. Using the proposed model the movement of guide tool that causes the bending of extruded product was controlled to produce the required curved automotive Al bumper back beam. The effectiveness of the proposed prediction model and the movement of guide tool were verified by the FE analysis and curved extrusion experiment.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.333-349
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• 2019

The paper study the curvature theory of a line-trajectory of constant Disteli-axis, according to the invariants of the axodes of moving body in spatial motion. A necessary and sufficient condition for a line-trajectory to be a constant Disteli-axis is derived. From which new proofs of the Disteli's formulae and concise explicit expressions of the inflection line congruence are directly obtained. The obtained explicit equations degenerate into a quadratic form, which can easily give a clear insight into the geometric properties of a line-trajectory of constant Disteli-axis with the theory of line congruence. The degenerated cases of the Burmester lines are discussed according to dual points having specific trajectories.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.739-751
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• 2020

The object of the offering exposition is to study almost Ricci soliton and gradient almost Ricci soliton in 3-dimensional para-Sasakian manifolds. At first, it is shown that if (g, V, λ) be an almost Ricci soliton on a 3-dimensional para-Sasakian manifold M, then it reduces to a Ricci soliton and the soliton is expanding for λ=-2. Besides these, in this section, we prove that if V is pointwise collinear with ξ, then V is a constant multiple of ξ and the manifold is of constant sectional curvature -1. Moreover, it is proved that if a 3-dimensional para-Sasakian manifold admits gradient almost Ricci soliton under certain conditions then either the manifold is of constant sectional curvature -1 or it reduces to a gradient Ricci soliton. Finally, we consider an example to justify some results of our paper.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.763-774
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• 2023

If a paraSasakian manifold of dimension (2n + 1) represents Bach almost solitons, then the Bach tensor is a scalar multiple of the metric tensor and the manifold is of constant scalar curvature. Additionally it is shown that the Ricci operator of the metric g has a constant norm. Next, we characterize 3-dimensional paraSasakian manifolds admitting Bach almost solitons and it is proven that if a 3-dimensional paraSasakian manifold admits Bach almost solitons, then the manifold is of constant scalar curvature. Moreover, in dimension 3 the Bach almost solitons are steady if r = -6; shrinking if r > -6; expanding if r < -6.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.737-767
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• 2016

This paper concerns closed hypersurfaces of dimension $n{\geq}2$ in the hyperbolic space ${\mathbb{H}}_{\kappa}^{n+1}$ of constant sectional curvature evolving in direction of its normal vector, where the speed equals a power ${\beta}{\geq}1$ of the mean curvature. The main result is that if the initial closed, weakly h-convex hypersurface satisfies that the ratio of the biggest and smallest principal curvature at everywhere is close enough to 1, depending only on n and ${\beta}$, then under the flow this is maintained, there exists a unique, smooth solution of the flow which converges to a single point in ${\mathbb{H}}_{\kappa}^{n+1}$ in a maximal finite time, and when rescaling appropriately, the evolving hypersurfaces exponential convergence to a unit geodesic sphere of ${\mathbb{H}}_{\kappa}^{n+1}$.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.795-806
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• 2007

We investigate F-traceless component of the conformal curvature tensor defined by (3.6) in $K\ddot{a}hler$ manifolds of dimension ${\geq}4$, and show that the F-traceless component is invariant under concircular change. In particular, we determine $K\ddot{a}hler$ manifolds with parallel F-traceless component and improve some theorems, provided in the previous paper([2]), which are concerned with the traceless component of the conformal curvature tensor and the spectrum of the Laplacian acting on $p(0{\leq}p{\leq}2)$-forms on the manifold by using the F-traceless component.