• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.193-196
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• 2009

Pinellia koreana K-H Tae & J-H Kim is a recently discovered Korea endemic medicinal plant species whose natural habitat is rapidly destroyed by industrial development. Described in this paper are culture conditions for high frequency plant regeneration via bulblet formation from leaf explant cultures of P. koreana. Leaf explants formed white nodular structures and off-white calluses at a frequency of 91.2% when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. However, the frequency of white nodular structures and off-white calluses formation was slightly decreased with an increasing concentration of NAA up to 4 mg/L, where the frequency reached 31.7%. Most petiole explants did not form white nodular structures and off-white calluses except the combination treatment of 2 mg/L BA and 2 mg/L NAA. Upon transfer onto MS basal medium, over 90% of nodular structures gave rise to numerous bulblets and developed into plantlets. Plantlets regenerated from bulblets were transplanted to potting soil and grown to maturity at a survival rate of over 95% in a growth chamber. Therefore, the in vitro plant regeneration system of P. koreana obtained in this study will be useful for mass propagation and long-term preservation of genetic resources of P. koreana.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.852-865
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was designed to explore what experiences nurses had while caring and providing emotional support for patients. Methods: Participants were eight nurses working at hospitals for more than one year. Data were collected from June, 2006 to January, 2007 through in-depth interview by using tape-recordings. Data were analysed with the phenomenological method proposed by Colazzi(1978). Results: From significant statements, 4 clustered themes, 7 themes and 23 sub-themes were extracted from the essential meaning of the emotional experience of hospital nurses. The 4 clustered themes were 'movement of mind', 'affection and service for patients', 'worthwhile and conflict' and 'control oneself'. The 7 themes were 'special feeling', 'rapport formation', 'consideration', 'human interaction', 'value discovery', 'loss of volition', and 'keep to balance'. Conclusion: Although nurses had tough experiences for providing care for patients' emotional support, they had also experienced spiritual maturity from its experience. The result of this study would contribute for nurses not only to care for patients who need emotional support but also to develop knowledge in nursing.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 2017

This study systematically identified the influence of the school look fashion image on public culture, which is used for increasingly sexualized marketing appeal by domestic Girl Groups. We examined and analyzed the school look fashion image of Girl Groups, focusing on the Lolita complex which is particularly influential in the sexual appeal of domestic popular fashion. The method of this study is based on a literature review from the years 2007 to 2016, when the female girl groups began to receive attention. The music videos of the female girl groups in the top 100 charts of 'Melon' from 2006 to 2-16, which provides the largest mobile music service in Korea, were watched and analyzed as primary data. As a result, it was found that the 'school fashion look image' of adolescence which was used as costumes for Girl Groups, plays a role in commercializing the image of a 'girl', and the types and characteristics of school look fashion image are drawn in two ways. First, it is the image of a seductive Lolita complex. This is the case where young girls wear school look fashion image to emphasize their sexual maturity. Second, it is the case that is using the school look fashion image in order to perform with the 'young girl' concept, as an image of the enchanting Lolita complex; in addition, the erotic body image is more explicitly exposed through choreography and nakedness.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 1999

Soil moisture condition is an important limiting factor in growth and yield in rice culture. The purpose of this study was to compare the influence on the growth, yield and Quality of rice subjected to soil moisture stress (SMS) at different growth stages. Ajaponica rice cultivar, Dongjinbyeo, was cultured under flooded conditions in a plastic container filled with silty loam soil. The container was subjected to SMS until the initial wilting point (IWP) coincided with about 10% in soil moisture content and about-200 kPa in soil matric potential, and was then irrigated again, at 6 and 5 of main growth stage in 1996 and 1997, respectively. At maturity, the plant height, tiller number, leaf area and top dry weight were decreased more in SMS treatments at the early stage than the late stage. The averaged yield index of SMS to control in both years was lowest at meiosis (62.5%), which primarily resulted from lower percent ripened grain and 1,000 grain weight, and second＇ reduced the spikelet number per panicle and panicle number per hill, and followed at tillering stage (68.5%) which resulted from the lower production in tiller number and top dry matter during and after SMS treatment. The percent-age of read rice in SMS plants varied with the treatment stage as order of lower at meiosis (44.0%), heading (53.9%), panicle initiation (70.1%), tillering (72.1%), ripening (75.8%) and 5 days after transplanting (DAT) (79.0%). Protein content in brown rice was slightly larger in SMS at late growth stage than the control, while the contents of fat and ash differed very little between SMS and control. Contents of Mg and K and Mg/K in brown rice with SMS were lower at some treatment stages such as at ripening or panicle initiation.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.289-291
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• 1999

Hypocotyl explants from 7 days old seedlings of one $F_1$ hybrid cultivar and two pure lines of cucumber formed embryogenic calli at frequencies of up to 8% when cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-D for 3 weeks. Embryogenic calli gave rise to somatic embryos. When slices of somatic embryos were cultured on the same medium for 4 weeks, they formed embryogenic calli. Embryogenic cell suspension cultures were established with embryogenic calli in MS liquid medium with 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Embryogenic potential of cell suspension cultures was maintained by subculturing every seven days. When the level of 2,4-D in the medium was lowered to 0.2 mg/L by diluting with liquid MS basal medium, embryogenic cell suspension cultures underwent development into numerous somatic embryos. When plated onto MS basal medium, over 95% of somatic embryos developed into plantlets. Plantlets were transplanted to potting soil and grown to maturity.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.363-368
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• 2006

In this study, native Byadyrhizobium strains were isolated from the host plant, Glycine max, harvested from fields in Madhya Pradesh, India, and were typed by Iytic rhizobiophages. Eight indigenous (Soy2, ASR011, ASR031, ASR032, MSR091, ISR050, ISR076 and ISR078) and two exotic strains (USDA123 and CB1809), all of which evidenced a distinct reaction with six phages, were employed in this study. The symbiotic interaction of these strains was studied initially using soybean cultivar JS335 in a sand culture in a controlled environment, and the efficiency was assessed based on the nodule number, nodule dry weight, plant dry weight, nitrogenase activity, and total accumulation of N per plant. Symbiotic effectiveness was found to be highest with the native phage-sensitive isolate ASR011, whereas it was at a minimum with the phage-resistant isolates, ISR050 and ISR078. Additionally, the effectiveness of these strains was evaluated using six soybean cultivars belonging to different maturity groups; namely, Brags, Lee, Pusa20, PK416, JS33S and NRC37. Analysis of variance data evidenced significant differences due to both symbionts, for the majority of the tested parameters. The CB1809, USDA123, and ASR011 strains evidenced relatively superior symbiotic effectiveness with soybean cultivars Brags, Lee and JS335. Strain ISR078 evidenced no significant responses with any of the cultivars. The ASR031 strain performed moderately well with all tested cultivars. The symbiotic response of all the strains was quite poor with cultivar PK416. Our studies showed that a significant relationship existed between the phage sensitivity and symbiotic efficiency of the bacterial strains with the host-cultivars.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.301-314
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to inquiry specialized development strategies to revive the declining regional tourism in Japan, through the general characteristics of tourists and the evaluation of various tourism resources. Reaching its period of maturity after the bubble economy collapse, domestic tourism in Japan requires a change in quality of the regional tourism industry. The Kakeyu spa region, which has long history and abundant cultural resources, is specializing through rehabilitation strengthening theme of 'health seeking and recuperation'. The rate of the elderly women visitors is high in the Kakeyu spa, and the visitors use public transport and make a relatively long stay, because they want to recuperate their health or to cure their disease. In the evaluation of tourism resources, the visitors showed an increasing interest in the solemn temple scenery and the tranquil stroll road which are near by their lodgings. To reflect such demand characteristics, the Kakeyu community is actively developing the business such as rehabilitation, health-food development, voluntary service, and barrier free based on spa, culture, and nature.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.303-308
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• 2010

Surface color is the most important quality factor for the grade evaluation of cherry tomato. Color is one of the representative indicators for the maturity which is closely related to the internal quality of cherry tomato, such as firmness, sugar content, and acidity. This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between surface color and internal quality of cherry tomatoes harvested from both hydroponic and soil culture at different ripening stages. To calculate the color values of cherry tomatoes an automatic color imaging system was constructed. A specially designed image processing algorithm for the color measurement was developed. The color values of L*, a*, b* were calculated from the initial color values of RGB and then compared with the internal quality. Statistical analyses indicated that the internal quality was more highly correlated with the surface color than size of cherry tomatoes. Color image features were also investigated to detect external damage of cherry tomatoes. The value of (R value - R mean value)/R mean value was the most effective image feature for the detection of damaged areas on the surface of cherry tomatoes. The results of this study demonstrated the feasibility of color sorting process as an alternative of the conventional drum type size sorting system for cherry tomato industry.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.213-218
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• 2015

In the study for a differentiation and development of spermatogonial cells, the researchers should commonly require a simple, fast and reasonable method that could evaluate the developmental stage of male germ cells without any damage and also relentlessly culture them so far as a cell stage aiming at experimental applications. For developing the efficient method to identify the stage of sperm cells, the morphological characteristics of sperm cells were investigated by staining the cells with blue fluorescent dye Hoechst 33258, and a criterion for male germ cell classification was elicited from results of the previous investigation, then the efficiency of the criterion was verified by applying it to assort the germ cells recovered from male mice in age from 6 to 35 days. As morphological characteristics, spermatogonia significantly differed from spermatocytes in size, appearance and fluorescent patches of nucleus, and spermatids could also be distinguished from spermatozoa by making a difference in the volume and shape of nucleus and the shape and fluorescence of tail. Aforesaid criterion was applicable for classifying in vitro cultured sperm cells by verifying its efficiency and propriety for assorting the stages of testicular germ cells. However, the fluorescent staining showed that germ cells in mouse testis should be dramatically differentiated and developed at 21 days and 35 days of age, which were known as times of sexual puberty and maturity in male mice, respectively. In conclusion, the results indicated that this simple criterion for sperm cell classification using fluorescence staining with Hoechst 33258 may be highly efficient and reasonable for spermatogenesis study.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1976

Two paddy rices and two upland rices were cultivated both in the paddy-field and in the upland in order to find out the effects of the different cultural environments on the growth and yield of the four varieties. Three plots (standard fertilizer without irrigation, standard fertilizer with irrigation and nitrogen-increased fertilizer with irrigation) were set in the upland and one plot (standard fertilizer with conventional water control) was set in the paddy-field. The weight of brown rice of paddy rices was higher in the paddy-field than in the upland, while that of upland rices was higher in the upland. The heading-date of paddy rices was later about a week in the upland than in the paddy-field. The maturity ratio and the weight of 1, 000 grains of upland were higher and heavier than those of paddy rices in both cultural conditions. The results show that it is very desirable for the culture of paddy rices to be cultivated under the upland condition, on the view point of its yield and quality compared with those of upland rices.