• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.237-244
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• 2020

The objective of this study was to identify and characterize fibrinolytic compound from Cornus officinalis. Cornus officinalis. Hot water extract was fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water fractions. Assays for fibrinolytic activity indicated that only the ethyl acetate fraction had significant efficacy at 1.36 plasmin units/mL. Isolation of fibrinolytic compound was carried out on Amberlite IRA-400, Sephadex LH-20 and active charcoal column chromatography. HPLC analysis of the purified fibrinolytic compound showed retention time (RT) same as authentic malic acid. LC / MS / MS in negative mode showed the same peak at m/z 133, confirming that the purified compound was malic acid with a molecular weight 134 Da. The compound showed fibrinolytic activity of 0.69 plasmin units/mL, 14.62% of thrombin inhibitory activity, 6.42% of antioxidative activity, and 17.28% of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The purified compound hydrolyzed γ subunits of human fibrinogen. In conclusion, malic acid isolated from Cornus officinalis might have potential to be developed as ingredient for biofunctional foods to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.304-313
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• 2017

These days, as the average span of population's life increases, the number patients of dementia also increases. But Research on Korean medicine is stilled limited. The research evaluates the effect of the extract from Cornus officinalis S.et Z on cognitive impairment induced by scopolamine in mice. The mice were randomly divided into five groups of ten mice. The normal group was treated with only 0.9% saline. The control group was treated with scopolamine (5 mg/kg, i.p.). The positive control group was treated with tacrin. The C100, 200 group was treated with C. officinalis extracts 100, 200 mg/kg. Memory-related behaviors were evaluated using a morris water maze and a passive avoidance test. Protein levels of BDNF, p-CREB (ser133), immunohistochemistry staining, and cholinergic activities were measured in brain tissue. The effects of C. officinalis extract significantly increased acetylcholine concentration and decreased acetylcholinesterase activity. The C. officinalis extract affected memory formation. Also, to confirm expression of protein BDNF, p-CREB (ser133) in the hippocampus, the researchers observed that immunohistochemistry and western blot increased in C. officinalis extract. These results suggest that C. officinalis provides a significant neuroprotective effect against scopolamine-induced cholinergic system and cognitive impairment.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.90-103
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• 2011

Cornus officinalis (Cornaceae) is primarily grown in Asian countries. The pericarp of C. officinalis (Corni Fructus) is a well-known traditional medicine with tonic, analgesic, and diuretic properties. We analyzed methanolic extracts of Corni Fructus (grown in Korea and China) by $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy. Metabolite profiling was performed to characterize the metabolic difference between different Corni Fructus origins (Korea or China). Principal components analysis revealed significant separation between Comus Fructus from different origins. The metabolites responsible for differences were identified using loading plots, coefficients plots, and variable influence on projection followed by t-tests. As a result, 16 metabolites were identified and quantified; tyrosine, acetate, sucrose, and malate differed the most between origins. These data suggest that NMR-based metabolomics can be used to identify differences between Corni Fructus samples obtained from different regions.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.79-82
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• 2010

Three types of leaf domatia; Pocket (P), Tufts (T) and Tufts-Pocket (TP) were observed in the five species of Cornus namely; Cornus kousa, C. controversa, C. officinalis, C. walteri and C. alba. In C. walteri no tufts were observed, the domatia was just a well developed pocket one. In C. officinalis and C. kousa, tufts domatia of brownish color were observed but C. officinalis developed denser tufts than those observed in C. kousa. Unlike in C. kousa where the domatia covered about only 1/2 of the axil, in the C. officinalis tufts covered almost 3/4 of the axil. In both species the tufts domatia were located in the inner side of the leaf axil. In C. controversa and C. alba whitish colored tufts were observed covering Pockets and hence the Tuft Pocket domatia. In C. controversa the tufts were more than in C. alba but in both species the tufts were short and were located in the inner sides of the axil. Thus, based on these physiological features it was concluded that C. officinalis and C. kousa are sister species likewise C. controversa and C. alba while C. walteri belong to another lineage. The advancement of domatia (absence of tufts) in C. walteri suggests that they are the most advanced while C. officinalis and C. kousa the most primitive due to their possession of highly developed tufts and C. controversa and C. alba the intermediates.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.47-57
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• 2007

This study focused on the properties natural dyeing and natural material and on the development of functional material for well-being in apparel industry. Comus officinalis Siebold et Zuccarini is used as natural dyeing material which had been reported that have curable effect for unbalanced immunity, geriatric diseases like urinary tract system, diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, tinnitus, hyperhidrosis and women's diseases like hypermenorrhea. And this material also has anti-cancer effect so that can restraint cancer cells. 3 kinds tester of cotton, wool and silk are dyed by boiled with each dye (flower, fruits, bark of tree) as first dyeing and dried in the shade. These testers are done by post-mordanting method. Aluminium Potassium(Alk(SO4)2), Cuprie Sulfate($CuSO4{\cdot}5H2O$), Stannous Chloride($SnCl2{\cdot}2H2O$), Ferrous Sulfate($FeCl2{\cdot}4H2O$), Titanium Sulfate 24% aqueous solution(Ti(SO4)2) are used as mordants. Dyeing results of Comus officinalis Siebold et Zuccarini flower and bark are shown as yellow color series. And dyeing result of fruits is pink color series. Silk shows the best dyeing property. As the point of view for dyeing property, Ti, Sn, Fe would be the properchoice for mordant. Following results are extracted in this study. Yellow color is resulted in dyeing with Cornus officinalis flower as non-mordanting condition. Yellowish red color is come from dyeing with Comus officinalis fruit as non-mordanting condition. Grayish yellow tone is resulted in dyeing with bark as non-mordanting condition. Orange tone color with Ti-mordanting, green tone color with Sn-mordanting and gray tone color with Fe-mordanting is resulted respectively. However light-fastness of Comus officinalis(flower, fruit, bark) is very low as 1 or 2 level in non-mordanting condition, Comus officinalis flower dyeing is turned out 3 or 4 level and fruit dyeing is 4 or 5 level, bark dyeing is 2 or 3 level with Ti-mordanting respectively. Eventually Comus officinalis fruit has the best light-colorfastness property among all of dyes. dry cleaning colorfastness of Cornus officinalis(flower, fruit, bark) is good as 4 or 5 level in Ti-mordanting condition, perspiration-colorfastness of Cornus officinalis(flower, fruit, bark) is good as 4 or 5 level in Ti-mordanting condition, With these results, this study could conclude that dye-ability, colorfastness problem is getting better after mordanting process and practical usage would be possible.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2009

Among aging diseases, the most basic problem is a decrease in bone mineral density. Patients with osteoporosis are steadily increasing in the world. This study was investigated to show the relationship between osteoporotic effects and oxidative damage. Water extracts of 15 medicinal plants and ethanol extracts of 14 medicinal plants with known anti-osteoporotic effects, were tested for their radical scavenging activity using DPPH, ABTS, SRSA and FRAP assay. Water extract of Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus and ethanol extract of Rubus coreanus, Viscium album var. coloratum, Cimicifuga heracleifolia showed about 15-20 mg/g of total phenolic contents. Water extract of Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus and Epimedium koreanum showed high radical scavenging activity. Ethanol extract of Drynaria fortunei, Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus, Gentiana scabra and Astragalus membranaceus showed high radical scavenging activity. Water extract of Drynaria fortunei, Cornus officinalis, Nelumbo nucifera, Epimedium koreanum, and Gentiana scabra showed very strong protective effect against oxidative damage to DNA. These results suggest the correlation between anti-osteoporotic effects and antioxidative effects.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.224-231
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• 2020

With the improvement in the standard of living and extension of life expectancy, the incidence of prostate diseases has increased yearly, thus becoming a serious disease affecting the health of men. The extract mixture of Cornus officinalis and Stauntonia hexaphylla leaves is a developed functional food formula to improve prostate health. This study developed a simultaneous analytical method of bioactive compounds for quantifying the mixture of Cornus officinalis and S. hexaphylla leaves using high-pressure liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). HPLC analytical condition was performed on a Hector C₁₈ column with a mobile phase of 0.1 % formic acid in water (A) and 0.1 % formic acid in acetonitrile (B) under the following gradient conditions: 0-50 min, 12 %-40 % (B) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Meanwhile, this method was validated properly and successfully used to quantify the bioactive components of morroniside and hederacoside D in 20 sample batches and assess the quality of different ages and seasons of S. hexaphylla leaves. The result showed that the content of morroniside in the extract mixture of Cornus officinalis and S. hexaphylla leaves ranged from 1.38-1.62 mg/g, and the hederacoside D ranged from 28.42-32.02 mg/g, suggesting that this novel analytical method will be suitable for the quality control of the extract mixture to improve benign prostatic hyperplasia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.106-121
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Cornus Officinalis fruit extract(CE) and Cornus Officinalis Fruit Cheonghyeol Plus(CCP) in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell. Methods: We measured cell viability of CE, CCP and treated HUVEC with TNF-α. We measured the mRNA expression levels of KLF2, eNOS, MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, the protein expression levels of KLF2, eNOS, MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and the protein phosphorylation level of ERK, JNK, p38 and the biomarker expression levels of MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1. Results: 1.CE incresed the mRNA, protein expression levels of KLF2, eNOS at concentrations of 100㎍/㎖ compared to the control group. CE decresed the mRNA, protein and biomarker expression levels of MCP-1,ICAM-1,VCAM-1 at concentrations of 100㎍/㎖ compared to the control group. CE decresed the protein phosphorylation level of p38 at concentrations of 100㎍/㎖ compared to the control group. 2. CCP incresed the mRNA, protein expression levels of KLF2, eNOS at concentrations of 100㎍/㎖ or more compared to the control group. CCP decresed the mRNA, protein and biomarker expression levels of MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 at concentrations of 100㎍/㎖ or more compared to the control group. CCP decresed the protein phosphorylation level of ERK at concentrations of 100㎍/㎖ or more, p38 at concentrations of 200㎍/㎖ or more, and JNK at concentrations of 400㎍/㎖ compared to the control group. Conclusions: These results present that CE and CCP has anti-inflammatory effect in HUVEC. So, it could help treat or prevent inflammation in vein caused by dyslipidemia and contribute prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular cerebrovascular diseases.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.177-182
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• 1993

The pericarp of Cornus officinalis is well known famous medicinal drug in oriental countries. In this work, we have tried to evaluate the toxicity and also to find the lectin components from this seed. The lyophilized seed extract was lethal to experimental mouse at $250{\sim}300mg/kg$ and this toxic components were related to proteins. The lectins components were partially purified from the extract by ion exchange column chromatography. These lectins were relatively stable at temperature variations and also stable at pH $4{\sim}7$. The activity of these lectins did not inhibit by common carbohydrates molecules.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2015

Cornus officinalis is widely distributed in Korea, and its fruit has been used to make as herbal drug for traditional medicine in Korea, Japan, and China because of its tonic, analgesic, and diuretic properties. However, the effects of C. officinalis methanol extract (COME) on melanogenesis remain poorly understood. We evaluated the melanogenic capability of COME in melan-a cells, which are immortalized mouse melanocytes. COME increased melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with $12.5{\mu}g/mL$ of COME significantly increased melanin content by 36.1% (p < 0.001) to a level even higher than that (31.6%) of 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine, a well-known pigmentation agent. COME also upregulated tyrosinase activity and its messenger RNA and protein expression. In addition, COME upregulated the expression of tyrosinase-related proteins 1 and 2 and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor-M messenger RNA expression. These results imply that COME may be appropriate for development as a natural product to treat hair graying.