Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5487/TR.2015.31.2.165

Cornus officinalis Methanol Extract Upregulates Melanogenesis in Melan-a Cells  

An, Yun Ah (Major in Public Health, Faculty of Food & Health Sciences, Keimyung University)
Hwang, Ji Yeon (Major in Public Health, Faculty of Food & Health Sciences, Keimyung University)
Lee, Jae Soon (Department of Beauty Design, Gyongbuk Science College)
Kim, Young Chul (Major in Public Health, Faculty of Food & Health Sciences, Keimyung University)
Publication Information
Toxicological Research / v.31, no.2, 2015 , pp. 165-172 More about this Journal
Abstract
Cornus officinalis is widely distributed in Korea, and its fruit has been used to make as herbal drug for traditional medicine in Korea, Japan, and China because of its tonic, analgesic, and diuretic properties. However, the effects of C. officinalis methanol extract (COME) on melanogenesis remain poorly understood. We evaluated the melanogenic capability of COME in melan-a cells, which are immortalized mouse melanocytes. COME increased melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with $12.5{\mu}g/mL$ of COME significantly increased melanin content by 36.1% (p < 0.001) to a level even higher than that (31.6%) of 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine, a well-known pigmentation agent. COME also upregulated tyrosinase activity and its messenger RNA and protein expression. In addition, COME upregulated the expression of tyrosinase-related proteins 1 and 2 and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor-M messenger RNA expression. These results imply that COME may be appropriate for development as a natural product to treat hair graying.
Keywords
Cornus officinalis; Hair graying; Melan-a cells; Melanogenesis; Tyrosinase activity;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kobayashi, T., Urabe, K., Winder, A., Jimenez-Cervantes, C., Imokawa, G., Brewington, T., Solano, F., Garcia-Borron, J.C. and Hearing, V.J. (1994) Tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1) functions as a DHICA oxidase in melanin biosynthesis. EMBO J., 13, 5818-5825.
2 Hearing, V.J. and Tsukamoto, K. (1991) Enzymatic control of pigmentation in mammals. FASEB J., 5, 2902-2909.   DOI
3 Hoh, J.F., Rossmanith, G.H. and Hamilton, A.M. (1991) Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP, ouabain, and xanthine derivatives on cross bridge kinetics in rat cardiac muscle. Circ. Res., 68, 702-713.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Park, H.Y., Wu, C., Yonemoto, L., Murphy-Smith, M., Wu, H., Stachur, C.M. and Gilchrest, B.A. (2006) MITF mediates cAMP-induced protein kinase C-${\beta}$ expression in human melanocytes. Biochem. J., 359, 571-578.
5 Bertolotto, C., Abbe, P., Hemesath, T.J., Bille, K., Fisher, D.E., Ortonne, J.P. and Ballotti, R. (1998) Microphthalmia gene product as a signal transducer in cAMP-induced differentiation of melanocytes. J. Cell Biol., 142, 827-835.   DOI
6 Thibaut, S., Collin, C., Langbein, L., Schweizer, J., Gautier, B. and Bernard, B.A. (2003) Hair keratin pattern in human hair follicles grown in vitro. Exp. Dermatol., 12, 160-164.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Trueb, R.M. (2009) Oxidative stress in ageing of hair. Int. J. Trichology, 1, 6-14.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Kim, D.K. and Kwak, J.H. (1998) A furan derivative from Cornus officinalis. Arch. Pharm. Res., 21, 787-789.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Johns, T., Mahunnah, R.L., Sanaya, P., Chapman, L. and Ticktin, T. (1999) Saponins and phenolic content in plant dietary additives of a traditional subsistence community, the Batemi of Ngorongoro District, Tanzania. J. Ethnopharmacol., 66, 1-10.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Peng, Q., Wei, Z. and Lau, B.H. (1998) Fructus corni attenuates oxidative stress in macrophages and endothelial cells. Am. J. Chin. Med., 26, 291-300.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Nawa, Y., Endo, J. and Ohta, T. (2007) The inhibitory effect of the components of Cornus officinalis on melanogenesis. J. Cosmet. Sci., 58, 505-517.
12 Folin, O. and Denis, W. (1912) On phosphotungstic-phosphomolybdic compounds as color reagents. J. Biol. Chem., 12, 239-243.
13 Davies, R., Massey, R.C. and Mcweeny, D.J. (1980) The catalysis of the N-nitrosation of secondary amines by nitrosophenols. Food Chem., 6, 115-122.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Blois, M.S. (1958) Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 181, 1199-1200.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Arck, P.C., Overall, R., Spatz, K., Liezman, C., Handjiski, B., Klapp, B.F., Birch-Machin, M.A. and Peters, E.M. (2006) Towards a "free radical theory of graying": melanocyte apoptosis in the aging human hair follicle is an indicator of oxidative stress induced tissue damage. FASEB J., 20, 1567-1569.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Irie, M., Asami, S., Nagato, S., Ikeda, M., Miyata, M. and Kasai, H. (2001) Psychosocial factors as a potential trigger of oxidative DNA damage in human leukocytes. Jap. J. Cancer Res., 92, 367-376.   DOI
17 Akar, A., Arca, E., Erbil, H., Akay, C., Sayal, A. and Gur, A.R. (2002) Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the scalp of patients with alopecia areata. J. Dermatol. Sci., 29, 85-90.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Seyoum, A., Asres, K. and El-Fiky, F.K. (2006). Structure radical scavenging activity relationships of flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 67, 2058-2070.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Commo, S., Gaillard, O. and Bernard, B.A. (2004) Human hair graying is linked to a specific depletion of hair follicle melanocytes affecting both the bulb and the outer root sheath. Br. J. Dermatol., 150, 435-443.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Melov, S. (2002) Animal models of oxidative stress, aging, and therapeutic antioxidant interventions. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 34, 1395-1400.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Slominski, A., Tobin, D.J., Shibahara, S. and Wortsman, J. (2004) Melanin pigmentation in mammalian skin and its hormonal regulation. Physiol. Rev., 84, 1152-1228.
22 Sheffield, M.V., Yee, H., Dorvault, C.C., Weilbaecher, K.N., Eltoum, I.A., Siegal, G.P., Fisher, D.E. and Chhieng, D.C. (2002) Comparison of five antibodies as markers in the diagnosis of melanoma in cytologic preparations. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 118, 930-936.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Chang, H.C., Huang, G.J., Agrawal, D.C., Kuo, C.L., Wu, C.R. and Tsay, H.S. (2007) Antioxidant activities and polyphenol contents of six folk medicinal ferns used as "Gusuibu". Bot. Stud., 48, 397-406.
24 Kim, H.J. and Kim, Y.C. (2010) Antidiabetic and renoprotective effects of Corni Fructus extract in db/db mice. Mol. Cell. Toxicol., 6, 135-142.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Jeon, Y.H., Kim, M.H. and Kim, M.R. (2008) Antioxidative, antimutagenic, and cytotoxic activities of ethanol extracts from Cornus officinalis. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 37, 1-7.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Yokoyama, K., Yasumoto, K., Suzuki, H. and Shibahara, S. (1994) Cloning of the human DOPAchrome tautomerase/tyrosinase-related protein 2 gene and identification of two regulatory regions required for its pigment cell-specific expression. J. Biol. Chem., 269, 27080-27087.
27 Levy, C., Khaled, M. and Fisher, D.E. (2006) MITF: master regulator of melanocyte development and melanoma oncogene. Trends Mol. Med., 12, 406-414.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Choi, Y.J., Yoon, T.J. and Lee, Y.H. (2008) Changing expression of the genes related to human hair graying. Eur. J. Dermatol., 18, 397-399.
29 Busca, R. and Ballotti, R. (2000) Cyclic AMP a key messenger in the regulation of skin pigmentation. Pigm. Cell Res., 13, 60-69.   DOI   ScienceOn