• Title/Summary/Keyword: CopA3

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9-Meric Peptide Analogs of Defensin-like Antimicrobial Peptide Coprisin with Potent Antibacterial Activities with Bacterial Sell Selectivites

  • Shin, Areum;Lee, Eunjung;Kim, Jin-Kyoung;Bang, Jeong-Kyu;Kim, Yangmee
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.9
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    • pp.2809-2812
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    • 2014
  • The 43-residue defensin-like peptide coprisin, which is isolated from dung bettle, Copris tripartitus, is a potent antimicrobial peptide. In our previous work, we determined the tertiary structure of coprisin and found that alpha helical region of coprisin from residue 19 to residue 30 is important for its antimicrobial activities. Here, we designed cop12mer and cop9mer analogs of coprisin based on the tertiary structure of coprisin. To investigate the relationship between hydrophobicity and antimicrobial activities and develop the potent peptide antibiotics, we designed cop9mer-1 with substitution of $His^2$ with Trp in cop9mer. The results showed that cop9mer-1 has higher toxicities as well as improved antimicrobial activities compared to cop9mer. In order to reduce the toxicity of cop9mer-1, we designed cop9mer-2 and cop9mer-3 with substitution of $Cys^3$ with Lys or Ser. Substitution of $Cys^3$ with these hydrophilic amino acids results in lower cytotoxicities compared to cop9mer-1. Cop9mer-2 with substitution of $Cys^3$ with Lys in Cop9mer-1 showed high antibacterial activities against drug resistant bacteria without cytotoxicity. Antibiotic action of cop9mer-1 analog appears to involve permeabilization of the bacterial cell membrane while cop9mer-2 and cop9mer-3 may have different mechanism of action. These results imply that that optimum balance in hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity in these 9-meric peptides plays key roles in their antimicrobial activities as well as cytotoxicities.

Dynamic Profile of the Copper Chaperone CopP from Helicobacter Pylori Depending on the Bound Metals

  • Hyun, Ja-shil;Park, Sung Jean
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.76-81
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    • 2016
  • Copper is an elemental ion in living organisms. CopP from Helicobacter Pylori (HpCopP) is a copper(I)-binding protein and was suggested as regulator of copper metabolism in vivo. Previously, the metal binding property of HpCopP for Ag(I), Cu(I), and Cu(II) as well as the tertiary structure of HpCopP was shown. In this study, the dynamic profiles of HpCopP depending on metal binding were studied using ${^1H}-^{15}N$ steady-state NOE analysis. The heteroNOE experiment was performed for apo-CopP or metal-bound CopP. The obtained NOE values were analyzed and compared to figure out the effect of metals on the structural flexibility of HpCopP. As a result, Ag(I) and Cu(I) ions improved the rigidity of the structure while Cu(II) ion increased the flexibility of the structure, suggesting the oxidation of the CXXC motif decreases the structural stability of HpCopP.

Effects of the Synthetic Coprisin Analog Peptide, CopA3 in Pathogenic Microorganisms and Mammalian Cancer Cells

  • Kim, In-Woo;Kim, Soon-Ja;Kwon, Yong-Nam;Yun, Eun-Young;Ahn, Mi-Young;Kang, Dong-Chul;Hwang, Jae-Sam
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.156-158
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    • 2012
  • A synthetic coprisin analog peptide, 9-mer dimer CopA3 (CopA3) was designed based on a defensin-like peptide, Coprisin, isolated from the bacteria-immunized dung beetle Copris tripartitus. Here, CopA3 was investigated for its antimicrobial activity and cancer cell growth inhibition. CopA3 showed antimicrobial activities against various pathogenic bacteria and yeast fungus with MIC values in 2~32 ${\mu}M$ ranges, and inhibited the cell viabilities of pancreatic and hepatocellular cancer cells, except MIA-Paca2, Hep3B, and HepG2 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. The average $IC_{50}$ values of CopA3 against pancreatic and hepatocellular cancer cells were 61.7 ${\mu}M$ and 67.8 ${\mu}M$, respectively. The results indicate that CopA3 has potential in the treatments of pancreatic and hepatocellular cancers as well as microorganism infection disease.

Role of CopA to Regulate repABC Gene Expression on the Transcriptional Level (전사 수준에서 repABC 유전자 발현을 조절하는 CopA 단백질의 역할)

  • Sam Woong Kim;Sang Wan Gal;Won-Jae Chi;Woo Young Bang;Tae Wan Kim;In Gyu Baek;Kyu Ho Bang
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.86-93
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    • 2024
  • Since replication of plasmids must be strictly controlled, plasmids that generally perform rolling circle replication generally maintain a constant copy number by strictly controlling the replication initiator Rep at the transcriptional and translational levels. Plasmid pJB01 contains three orfs (copA, repB, repC or repABC) consisting of a single operon. From analysis of amino acid sequence, pJB01 CopA was homologous to the Cops, as a copy number control protein, of other plasmids. When compared with a CopG of pMV158, CopA seems to form the RHH (ribbon-helix-helix) known as a motif of generalized repressor of plasmids. The result of gel mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed that the purified fusion CopA protein binds to the operator region of the repABC operon. To examine the functional role of CopA on transcriptional level, 3 point mutants were constructed in coding frame of copA such as CopA R16M, K26R and E50V. The repABC mRNA levels of CopA R16M, K26R and E50V mutants increased 1.84, 1.78 and 2.86 folds more than that of CopA wt, respectively. Furthermore, copy numbers owing to mutations in three copA genes also increased 1.86, 1.68 and 2.89 folds more than that of copA wt, respectively. These results suggest that CopA is the transcriptional repressor, and lowers the copy number of pJB01 by reducing repABC mRNA and then RepB, as a replication initiator.

Effects of support feet on active feet during Y-Balance Test (Y-Balance Test 시 지지발이 활동발에 미치는 영향)

  • Byung-Hoon Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.40 no.6
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    • pp.1249-1258
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    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study was to reveal the effect of COP variable of support feet on relative reach distance and composite score of active feet during YBT. 29 adults in their 20s(age: 24.4±3.0 yrs, height: 171.0±10.5 cm, weight: 72.1±12.1 kg, leg length: 88.2±5.8 cm) participated in the study. Using YBT, relative reach distance and composite score of active feet were calculated, and COP variables of support feet were measured on left and right support feet. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the effect of COP variables of support feet during YBT on relative reach distance and composite score. As a result of the study, during YBT, when supporting right feet, the influence of AP COP velocity, ML COP velocity and COP velocity in posterolateral direction was significant, and when supporting left feet, the influence of AP COP velocity, ML COP velocity in posteromedial direction improved relative reach distance and composite score.

Characterization of CaCOP1 Gene in Capsicum annuum Treated with Pathogen Infection and Various Abiotic Stresses

  • Guo, Jia;Seong, Eun-Soo;Wang, Myeong-Hyeon
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.50 no.4
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    • pp.227-233
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    • 2007
  • We characterized a full-length cDNA of CaCOP1 from pepper. Phylogenetic analysis based on the deduced amino acid sequence of CaCOP1 cDNA revealed high sequence similarity to the COP1 gene in Oryza sativa (84% identity). CaCOP1 shares high sequence identity with regulatory protein in Arabidopsis (84%), constitutively photomorphogenic 1 protein in Pisum sativum (81%) and COP1 homolog in Lycopersicon esculentum (79%). CaCOP1 gene exists single copy in the chili pepper genome. Expression of CaCOP1 was reduced in response to inoculation of non-host pathogens. The expression of this gene under abiotic and oxidative stresses was investigated, including 200 mM NaCl, 200 mM mannitol, cold ($4^{\circ}C$), 100 ${\mu}M$ abscisic acid (ABA), and 10 mM hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$). CaCOP1 was induced significantly 3 h after low temperature treatment but not by dehydration or high salinity. Moreover, CaCOP1 was not induced by plant hormone ABA. These observations suggest that CaCOP1 gene plays a role in abiotic stress and may be belong to ABA-independent regulation system.

The Analysis of Center of Pressure(COP) Displacement under Loading Position during Walking (보행 시 부하 위치에 따른 족저압 중심(COP) 이동 분석)

  • Park, Soo-Jin;Kim, Jin-Sang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.15-24
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    • 2010
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of loading position on plantar center of pressure(COP) displacement when carrying a schoolbag during walking. Methods : Forty-four normal subjects were randomly assigned to five groups according to the method of carrying a schoolbag. The carrying a schoolbag methods were classified into five conditions: no bag (condition 1), a backpack (condition 2), a shoulder bag (condition 3), a cross bag (condition 4), a one-hand bag (condition 5). COP displacement such as anteroposterior distance and mediolateral distance of COP were measured with F-scan system. The repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-test were used to confirm the statistical significance. Results : In the comparison of parameters of COP displacement between conditions, anteroposterior distance and mediolateral distance in the left foot and mediolateral distance in the right foot were not significantly different(p>.05), but anteroposterior diatance in the right foot was significantly different(p>.05). Between left and right foot, at condition 1 and 5 the mediolateral distance of COP was significantly different(p<.05) but anteroposterior distance at condition 1 and 5, anteroposterior distance and mediolateral distance of COP at condition 2, 3 and 4 were not significantly different(p>.05). Conclusion : These findings showed that the various loading position by five types of carrying a schoolbag didn't have influence significantly on COP displacement on during walking because of mechanism of postural adaption.

Comparative Analysis of Energy Performance of Hydrothermal, Geothermal Source and Hybrid Heat Pump System According to Internal Heat Load for Office, School and Smart Farm (건축물 용도별 내부 발열부하에 따른 수열원, 지열원 및 하이브리드 히트펌프 시스템의 에너지 성능 비교 분석)

  • Park, Sihun;Min, Joonki
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.19-30
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    • 2022
  • In this study, comparative analysis of energy performance in Taebaek city, a test area, by applying hydrothermal, geothermal source and hybrid heat pump system to office, school and smart farms with different internal heat loads. The conclusion is as follows. In the load characteristics by use of buildings, it was found that office had a large cooling load compared to heating load, school had a large heating load compared to cooling load, and smart farm had only cooling load year-round. Performance analysis of the heat pump system in office shows that the cooling COP of the hydrothermal source is 5.12% and the heating COP is 3.22% lower based on the geothermal source, the cooling COP of the hybrid is 0.41% higher, and the heating COP is the difference in performance appeared sparsely. The performance analysis of the heat pump system in school showed that the cooling COP of the hydrothermal source was 10.44% and the heating COP 3.22% lower based on the geothermal source, and the performance difference between the hybrid cooling and heating COP was insignificant. Heat pump system performance analysis in smart farm only occurred with cooling load. Based on geothermal sources, the cooling COP of the hydrothermal source was 46% and the cooling COP of the hybrid was 19.65%, respectively.

Study on COP Variations with the duration of Ground Source Heat Pump Systems Operation (지열히트펌프의 작동시간 경과에 따른 COP 변화에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Yonggyu;Baek, Namchoon;Yoon, Eungsang
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2010.06a
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    • pp.198.2-198.2
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    • 2010
  • In this study, the COP variation with the duration of Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) systems operation was analyzed by experiment. This experimental facility was installed in residential house as a back-up device of solar thermal heating system. The capacity of heat pump is 2.5 kW with a vertical bore hole of 150m depth. The COP of GSHP is varied, depending on the ground temperature which is used as a heat source. The ground heat source temperature influencing heating COP is the soil or rock temperature which adjoin with geo-source heat exchanger. This temperature is decreased rapidly according to the operation duration of heat pump. As a result, COP of GSHP is decreased to 3 in one hour of continuous operation time.

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Performance Analysis of Water-to-Air Heat Pump System under Water Temperature and Load Ratio (열원 및 부하조건에 따른 물-공기 히트펌프 시스템의 성능분석)

  • Cho, Yong;Lee, Dong Keun
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2011.05a
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    • pp.194.2-194.2
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    • 2011
  • Heating and cooling performance has been analyzed for the water-source heat pump system using raw water from Daechung reservoir. During heating operation from March to May, water temperature is not good condition for a heat source due to the higher atmospheric temperature. Avearged heating load ratio is only 14.3%, and the averaged unit COP and system COP are estimated to be 2.46 and 2.15 respectively. The COP is affected considerably by the water temperature, and the unit COP is increased from 2.16 at $5^{\circ}C$ to 2.95 at $11^{\circ}C$. Cooling performance is analyzed with the measured data from June to August. During cooling operation, raw water has lower temperature by 4. $5^{\circ}C{\sim}4.7^{\circ}C$ than the atmosphere. The load ratio is 39.2%, and the averaged unit COP and system COP are estimated to be 7.25 and 6.13 respectively. The heating COP is affected by the load ratio rather than water temperature. The COP is increased for 20%~40% load ratio, while is decreased for 40%~60% load ratio. It is estimated that the compressor operation combination for 3 (two constant speed and one inverter) compressors is changed for the load ratio.

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