• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.756-765
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• 2000

In this paper, a korean text to sign language translation system is designed and implemented for the hearing impaired people to learn letters and to have a conversation with normal people. We adopt the direct method for machine translation which uses morphological analysis and the dictionary search. And we define the necessary sign language dictionaries. Based on this processes, the system translate korean sentences to sign language moving picture. The proposed dictionaries are composed of the basic sign language dictionary, the compound sing language dictionary, and the resemble sign language dictionary. The basic sign language dictionary includes basic symbols and moving pictures of korean sign language. The compound sing language dictionary is composed of key-words of basic sign language. In addition, we offered the similar letters at the resemble sign language dictionary. The moving pictures of searched sign symbols are displayed on a screen in GIF formats by continuous motion of sign symbols or represented by the finger spelling based on the korean code analysis. The proposed system can provide quick sign language search and complement the lack of sign languages in the translation process by using the various sign language dictionaries which are characterized as korean sign language. In addition, to represent the sign language using GIF makes it possible to save the storage space of the sign language. In addition, to represent the sign language using GIF makes it possible to save storage space of the sign language dictionary.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.13-31
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• 2021

Objectives : The objectives of this study are to provide the education of communication skills in the class of theories of Korean medical famous physicians and to survey students' perception of the effect. Methods : The class of theories of Korean medical famous physicians was newly designed and was given to students. The results from the questionnaire survey with second year students at department of Korean medicine were applied to the evaluation of study issues. The scale used for this study was the modified version of 'Beyer-Fetzer's Essential Elements of Communication Skills Assessment Sheet', which was developed by researchers in line with the education of Korean medicine. Results : In six (except for 'opening a conversation') out of seven categories, post-test results were more improved than pretest results. In the category of communication skills (a total of 25 questions), post-test results were higher than pretest results in all items. Among them, 13 items were statistically significant. With regard to the question as to how important the class of communication skills is to raise their professionalism as Korean medicine doctor, post-test result was higher than pretest result. Regarding an appropriate education point of time, there were various points in the entire period of curriculum. The appropriateness of teaching-learning method was positively evaluated. In terms of the content helpful for learning, learner-oriented activities was preferred over teacher-oriented lecturing. Conclusions : The communication skills learned in the class of theories of Korean medical famous physicians were effective. Communications skills should be taught constantly in the entire curriculum in order to raise students' professionalism as Korean medicine doctor. In terms of education method, it is desirable to design a class based on students' various activities, rather than lecturing.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.329-347
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• 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the review of previous studies based on audiobooks, 1) using the IPA method, we examine the quality of audiobooks that listeners perceive as important and the quality of preferred audiobooks, 2) improvement directions for activating audio content and audiobook platform, to seek ways to establish strategic plans for the audiobook market. Design/methodology/approach This study conducted and experiment using three factors(usability, information and interaction) used in web service quality(WebQual). Usability consists of the availability of time, such as the use of audiobooks for hobbies and the ease of search. Information consists of the trends of the times, topics of converation and the latest trends. Interaction consists of the proportion and depth of celebrities. After that, grid analysis was performed using the traditional IPA method and the revised IPA method. It was judged that identifying and analyzing the preference for service provision and new content was more valuable than the Performance used in the existing method. Findings According to the results of the empirical analysis, it was found that the conversation material corresponding to informativity did not affect the audiobook during the online quality analysis. It is believed that improvements can be found through content production related to entertainment, webtoons, and general common sense that can increase listeners' interest. In addition, it was found that the advertising effect of celebrities corresponding to interactivity did not affect the results of this study, which should increase the concentration and immersion of listeners by increasing the technology for audiobooks.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.1091-1103
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• 2010

Absalom, Absalom! is not only about family history but also about the nature of reconstructing history. Faulkner shows us what will happen if we give too much credit to the person having the authority; he first makes us listen to Rosa, so we just listen without doubt until we arrive at the question of the objectivity of her narration, when we get to know Sutpen's design. Meanings of "facts" change depending on who perceives the facts. The incremental repetition of the narrative in the novel resembles the process of our thinking mind and the process of history being constructed. Time is a significant element in determining the meaning of an event, not only because the event cannot be understood without its social, cultural context of the contemporary, but also because only the later events make it possible for the perceiver to categorize it in its proper place in history. Furthermore, through his narrative strategy, Faulkner suggests that imagination play a large part in recreating history. He blurs the distinction between facts and imagination, making us regard Shreve's and Quentin's conjectures as facts in several ways. The conversation between father and son, and the two brothers, which is an imagination constructed through the clues Mr Compson has offered, becomes a fact willingly accepted by the readers as well as Shreve and Quentin. The people in the past, present, and future may be very much unlikely to agree on the same event, because the gap in temporality will keep widening our perceptions. Faulkner demonstrates the nature of history in such a way that we can compare our understanding of the Sutpens' history in the earlier and later part of the novel through repetitions.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2023

현재 다양한 정보통신기술들이 독거노인 돌봄과 치매노인 실종방지 등에서 폭넓게 활용되고 있으며, 향후 커뮤니티케어 정책을 통해 인공지능과 로봇활용 비대면 돌봄은 향후 더욱 다양한 영역에서 활용될 전망이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 4차 산업혁명에 관한 정부정책 방향에 기반하여 커뮤니티케어에 활용도가 점차 증가하고 있는 인공지능 기술 기반 돌봄서비스 현황과 활용 및 활성화 전망을 모색해보고자 하였다. 커뮤니티케어에 활용될 수 있는 서비스인 AI 스피커와 돌봄로봇은 노인층이 경험하고 있는 다양한 문제를 해결하는데 도움이 되며, 감성적인 기능을 추가하여 대화 부족이나 외로움을 해소하는데도 활용하고 있다. 향후 AI 기술을 활용한 커뮤니티케어 활성화를 위해서는 첫째, 커뮤니티케어 고령자의 AI기기 친밀화를 위한 지속적인 교육과 고령층을 위한 '사용자 경험(User Experience, UX) 디자인'이 필요하며, 둘째, 기능위주의 기술 활용보다는 상호보완적 관계를 가지고 감성적인 상호관계가 가능한 인간중심의 기술 활용이 필요하며. 셋째, 사용자의 자기결정권 보장, 사생활 보호 등의 윤리적 문제를 해결할 필요가 있다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

이 연구는 부모와 자녀가 질문과 대화 기반의 밥상머리교육이 가능하도록 모바일 애플리케이션 개발을 목적으로 진행되었다. 밥상머리교육 모바일 애플리케이션 개발은 ADDIE모형을 변형하여 분석, 설계, 개발, 평가의 4단계로 개발하였다. 분석단계에서는 교육목표를 설정하고, 애플리케이션이 지향할 7개 핵심역량을 추출하였다. 설계단계에서는 핵심역량 7개를 구현할 인성 등 15개 메뉴를 학습내용으로 선정하였다. 개발단계에서는 1,000개의 사진을 기반으로 질문이 제시되어, 부모와 자녀가 자연스럽게 대화를 하면서 핵심역량을 강화하도록 구성하였다. 각 메뉴는 동일한 기능과 사용방법으로 제작되어 사용자 편의성과 효용성을 높였다. 평가단계에서는 사용자의 심층 인터뷰를 통해 개선점을 도출하고, 반영하는 환류과정을 거쳤다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 밥상머리교육용 애플리케이션 개발에 대한 후속연구를 제언한다. 첫째, 부모와 자녀가 장기간 애플리케이션을 사용하면서 일어나는 학습경험과 변화들을 종단연구를 통해 검증할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 밥상머리교육 애플리케이션의 연령별 활용방법과 그에 따른 개선방안에 대한 후속연구가 필요하다. 셋째, 조부모가 손자녀를 양육하는 사례가 늘어남에 따라서 조부모와 손자녀가 애플리케이션을 사용하면서 변화되는 과정과 학습효과를 연구할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1998

이 연구에서는 세 가지 치료조건을 조성하여 각 치료조건간의 반향어 발생률과 치료효과를 비교하였다. 치료조건1(A)은 치료사가 아동에게 쉽고 짧은 질문을 하는 ‘대화조건’ 이고, 치료조건2(B)는 아동이 치료사가 하라는 지시에 따라 쉬운 과제를 수행하는 ‘과제수행조건’ 이고, 치료조건3(C)은 보상과 통제를 사용하는 ‘강화의 조건’ 이다. 연구설계는 A-B-A-B-BC-B-BC를 사용하였다. 이 연구는 발달연령이 3~4세 수준인 2명의 남아(11세, 12세)에게 실시되었는데, 반향어 치료는 1회기에 15분씩, 하루에 5~6회를 2주간 실시하였다. 반향어 치료를 위한 개입은 즉각 반향어에만 적용했고, 지연 반향어는 치료 개입없이 관찰만 하였다. 아동1의 즉각 반향어 치료결과(평균 비율)는 A(99%)-B(65%)-A(95%)-B(10%)-BC(7%)-B(6%)-BC(7%)로 나왔고, 아동2의 치료결과는 A(67%)-B(62%)-A(63%)-B(35%)-BC(8%)-B(4%)-BC(0%)로 나왔다. 아동1의 지연 반향어는 치료 개입 전후를 통해 3% 수준으로 큰 차이없이 낮은수준을 유지했고, 아동2의 지연 반향어는 강화의 조건 병행 전에는 $35{\sim}57%$ 수준이던 것이 강화의 조건 개입 후에는 $5{\sim}9%$ 수준으로 감소하였다. 이 연구의 결론은 대화상황에서 아동의 반향어를 교정하기보다는 아동에게 쉬운 과제를 수행하는 학습환경을 조성해주는 것이 반향어를 감소시키는데 도움이 되고, 과제수행 학습환경에서 과제수행 행동을 보상하고, 반향어 행동을 통제하는 방법을 사용하면, 반향어 감소는 물론 반향어 치료효과가 아동의 전반적인 언어발달에도 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있음을 말해주고 있다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to develop lesson plans and teaching materials applying practical reasoning instruction for the 7th home economics curriculum content, and to test the effect of practical reasoning instruction on morality of middle school students. This study is a quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design. Practical reasoning instruction for experimental group and traditionally lecture oriented instruction for comparison group were input, and tested the statistical differences between two groups before and after the treatment. The subjects for this study were 8th grade students of a middle school located in Kwangju city. Two classes of 76 students homogeneous in characteristics and academic record for each experimental and comparison group were assigned. Instrument used for this study was a revised moral indicator, that was developed by KEDI(2001). Spss/win for 10.0 statistics program was used for analysis of data. ANCOVA was done for testing statistical difference between pretest and posttest of experiment group and comparison group. Result of study which showed statistically significant difference between groups were：1. Virtue of "responsibility for words and deeds"(from 3.22 to 3.61 for experimental group and from 3.27 to 3.26 for comparison group) in domain of responsibility and cooperation, and virtue of "punctuality"(from 3.59 to 3.76 for experimental group and from 3.41 to 3.28 for comparison group) in domain of trustworthiness, 2. Virtue of "conversation etiquette"(from 3.47 to 3.67 for experimental group and from 3.28 to 3.31 for comparison group) in domain of caring for others, 3. Virtue of "forgiveness other′s mistakes"(from 3.32 to 3.65 for experimental group and from 3.33 to 3.25 for comparison group) in domain of kindness, concession, forgiveness, and virtue of "volunteering activity"(from 2.89 to 3.71 for experimental group and from 3.36 to 3.45 for comparison group) in domain of compassion and service, 4. Virtue of "equip the convenient facility for handicapped"(from 4.19 to 4.29 for experimental group and from 4.17 to 3.91 for comparison group) in domain of equality and human rights, virtue of "recovering selfness for own community"(from 2.34 to 2.79 for experimental group and from 2.14 to 2.29 for comparison group), virtue of "opposing way of accomplishing purpose by an means"(from 3.27 to 3.31 for experimental group and from 3.47 to 3.05 for comparison group), virtue of "opposing election of considering acquaintance"(from 3.35 to 3.56 for experimental group and from 3.12 to 3.14 for comparison group) in domain of fairness, and virtue of "eradication of military force or violence among countries"(from 3.49 to 3.57 for experimental group and from 3.38 to 3.05 for comparison group) in domain of love for humanity. The morality of experimental group was improved more than that of comparison group in all of above items. From the results of this study, following conclusion was drawn. Practical reasoning instruction in home economics is effective in raising students′ virtue and value of responsibility in words and deeds, trustworthiness in punctuality, courtesy of not interrupting conversation, forgiveness of other′s mistakes, volunteering activity, equity for handicapped, fairness opposing selfness for own community, fairness opposing way of accomplishing purpose by all means, fairness opposing election of considering acquaintance, and love for humanity opposing war.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권33호
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• pp.363-382
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• 2013

TV 방송 프로그램에서의 '타이포그래피'는 10여 년 전만해도 단순히 영상의 이해나 정보 전달을 위한 보조 역할에 불과했지만, '키네틱 타이포그래피(Kinetic Typography)'라는 새로운 형태의 타이포그래피 방식을 사용하여 방송제작에 중요한 구성요소로 자리 잡았다. 더 나아가 비주얼로서의 기능과 예술 표현의 수단이 되었으며, 특히 이러한 키네틱 타이포그래피는 TV 예능 프로그램에서 자주 접할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 TV 예능 프로그램 중에서도 시청률이 높게 나타난 <1박2일>, <런닝맨>, <무한도전> 세 프로그램을 전개방식, 위치, 자막의도, 표현기법, 색상, 서체 등 여섯 가지로 나누어 분석하여 키네틱 타이포그래피의 활용 요소와 디자인적 요소를 알아보고자 한다. 키네틱 타이포그래피의 활용 요소인 전개방식에서는 Cut에서 시작해 Cut으로 끝나는 기법이 주를 이루지만, 그 외의 기법은 <무한도전>의 경우 Z축인 줌인(Zoom-In), 줌아웃(Zoom-Out), <1박2일>은 X축인 펜(Pan), <런닝맨>은 Y축인 틸트(Tilt)를 주로 사용하여 대화와 상황표현을 나타냈다. 타이포그래피의 디자인적 요소를 나타내는 표현기법, 색상, 서체에서는 큰 공통점을 제외한 나머지 요소는 각 프로그램의 개성에 따라서 다르게 나타났다. 이와 같은 분석을 토대로 도출되는 결과는 앞으로 TV 예능 프로그램의 발전과 방송매체 관계자들에게 앞으로 나아갈 키네틱 타이포그래피의 활용방안을 제시해 본다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the process of political changes in Japan, which has introduced regulatory policies for large-scale retail stores since the 1930s, as well as the examples, and suggests improvement schemes for our policies in Korea, which imposes restrictions on business hours and forced holidays in accordance with the current Distribution Industry Development Act. Research design, data, and methodology - After examining the political change processes related to large-scale retail stores in japan, this study analyzes individually regulated cases based on the ordinances enacted by each local government. Through case analysis in Japan, this study makes political suggestions that may be helpful for our country substantially. Results - Since there is an obvious possibility that our economic restrictions on business hours and mandatory holidays do not coincide with WTO GATS, it is necessary for large-scale distributors to introduce new social and environmental regulations similar to Japan, rather than imposing controls to restrict free competition and also introduce a policy to induce cooperation with small businesses for the advancement of the distribution industry. Thus, it is desirable to take measures on noise, waste, traffic, and parking for the preservation of the living environment in the surroundings when building new large-scale retail stores. It is also important to establish measures to improve the welfare of neighborhood residents and consumers, create a pleasant urban environment, and make it mandatory to make presentations at public hearings among residents. Furthermore, it should be mandatory to establish regional contribution plans when a retail store is established, and take measures to solve various civil complaints or problems that may occur after entering the market. Moreover, it is desirable for large-scale retail stores that entered the market to induce cooperation in performing various activities in the area with a strong sense that they are all members of the local economy. Conclusions - If introducing social regulations like in Japan, there is probably an advantage that the conflicts seen when large-scale retail stores enter the market are absorbed by adjusting the persons concerned within the established institution in order to establish a field to solve such conflicts systematically. In contrast, there are still concerns regarding chaotic operation without any active attempts to have a conversation with large-scale retail stores and local small merchants due to a sharp conflict among the persons concerned, and if it is a briefing session without any decision of the restrictions on their opening itself, there may be doubts with regard to their effectiveness. Moreover, if the de facto opening is restricted by the introduction of such a briefing session procedure, the choice of whether to protect the existing rights of large-scale retail stores might become problematic. However, such problems could be minimized in a way by forming a separate consultative group for all persons concerned including residents, local governments, professionals, civic organizations, small merchants, and massive retail store-related persons.