• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.114-119
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the reference values and factors influencing blood lead levels among Korean adolescents. Methods: The study population consisted of 1,585 adolescents (801 males, 784 females; aged 10-19 years) who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2013. We analyzed blood lead concentrations in relation to demographic/lifestyle characteristics for all participants. "Reference values" of blood lead levels were calculated as the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval of the 95th percentile. Results: The average "reference value" for blood lead concentrations among Korean adolescents was $2.25{\mu}g/dL$ ($2.49{\mu}g/dL$ for males, $2.07{\mu}g/dL$ for females), and the geometric mean of the blood lead concentrations was $1.34{\mu}g/dL$. Males had higher blood lead concentrations than females (male, $1.48{\mu}g/dL$; female, $1.19{\mu}g/dL$; P<0.001). Elementary school students had higher blood lead concentrations than junior and senior high school students ($1.44{\mu}g/dL$ vs. $1.31{\mu}g/dL$, P<0.001). Participants living in detached houses had higher blood lead concentrations than those living in apartments (P<0.001) and current smokers had higher concentrations than nonsmokers or participants with secondhand smoke exposure (P<0.05). Additionally, participants with excessive alcohol consumption had higher levels than non-drinkers (P<0.001). Conclusion: This study provides national reference data on blood lead concentrations stratified by demographic and lifestyle factors among Korean adolescents. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between increased lead exposure and demographic factors including type of housing.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.121-140
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were to analyze the duplicated contents of 'Consumer life' area of Technology & Home Economics and other subject textbooks for the middle and high school students. It focused on textbooks compiled following the 2009 revised curriculum. To achieve the purposes of this study, "Technology & Home Economics I II", "Social studies I II", and "Ethics I II"textbooks for middle school and "Technology & Home Economics", "Social studies", and "Life & Ethics" textbooks for high school were analyzed based on the criteria for analyses of 'Consumer life' area. The results were as follows. First, the analysis of duplicated contents in Technology & Home Economics and other subjects (Ethics, Social studies) for middle school revealed that Technology & Home Economics textbook had the most proportion of 'Consumer Life' area, followed by Social studies and Ethics. The duplicated content elements in Technology & Home Economics, Ethics, and Social studies textbooks for middle school were 'consumer decision making', 'consumer information', 'economic impact of consumption', 'food life and sustainability', and 'consumption and sustainability'. Secondly, as a result of the content analysis of textbooks for high school Technology & Home Economics, Social studies, and Life & Ethics according to the criteria of analysis, it was found that Technology & Home Economics textbook had the most proportion of 'Consumer Life' area, followed by Life & Ethics and Social studies. The "content elements" 'food life management and consumption environment', 'desire of consumption', 'economic impact of consumption', 'changing factors and characteristics of consumer culture', and 'consumption and sustainability' were commonly found in all three textbooks. In this way, the 'Consumer life' area of Technology & Home Economics is thought to play a central role in teaching the 'Consumer Life' area because of its strength that contains detailed contents about consumer life for adolescent consumers who will apply it to everyday life. Based on the result of this research, it is needed to consider articulation of 'Consumer life' area of secondary schools for the future curriculum development of Technology & Home Economics to reduce the duplicated contents and to help the adolescents develop the ability to solve consumption problems they may encounter in real life and grow up to be rational adult consumers.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.999-1007
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• 2015

Objectives: The objective of the study is to investigate oral health behavior and oral health education experience in Korean adolescents from the ninth(2013) web-based survey of Korean youth risk behavior. Methods: The subjects were 72,435 students through the ninth 2013 web-based survey of Korean youth risk behavior conducted by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and the Korea Centers for Disease Control. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographical characteristics of the subjects, oral health behavior, and oral health education experience. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program. Results: Oral health education had much influence on tooth brushing after lunch, oral cavity disease prevention, sealants, fluoride application, scaling experience, and consumption of vegetables, milk, carbonated soft drinks, noodles, and snacks. The oral health education had a great impact on those who took good oral health behavior into action. Conclusions: It is very important and necessary to develop the continuing effective oral health education program for the adolescents and make them tale into action.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.207-218
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• 2014

This study examines the use of paid content by children and identifies their monetary concept based on the following three research questions: (1) What are the characteristics of paid-content use by children? (2) How can the monetary concept of children be classified? (3) How does this monetary concept vary across use groups? Data were collected from 245 elementary school students. Based on the results, there were two types of media content used by children: mobile and computer content. Children were classified into four consumer groups based on the type media content use and the amount of content use. In addition, monetary concepts of children using paid content had two dimensions: money for means and that for objects. For computer users, monetary concept for conspicuous consumption and mammonism were more likely in the high-use group than in the low-use group. For mobile users, there was no significant difference in money for means and money for objects between the high-use group and the low-use group. The limitations of this study offer some interesting avenues for future research.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.446-457
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between family members and adolescent boys smoking. The data were evaluated by frequency analysis, 𝑥² test and logistic regression analysis using 27,276 people who responded to the 14th(2018) Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Among male students, the nonsmoking rate was 91.5% and the smoking rate was 8.5%(2.5% of occasional smoking and 6.0% of frequent smoking). The study results showed that the smoking status of male students was varied significantly according to the number of smokers among the family members(p<0.001). Meanwhile, smoking based on the characteristics of socio-demographic factors was affected by grades, school records, economic status, and parents' educational background(p<0.001). Smoking by health factors showed a significant difference in alcohol consumption, suicidal thoughts, depression experiences, stress recognition, frequency of breakfast consumption, level of fatigue after sleep, and subjective perception of health(p<0.001). Male smokers were more likely to smoke when two family members smoked than only one(p<0.001). These results confirmed that smoking in boys was affected by the smoking status of family members and suggested that the smoking cessation program of family smokers can be effective in designing smoking cessation prevention and smoking cessation projects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.611-620
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• 2015

This study was conducted on wine consumers to explore their behavioral characteristics concerning their drinking frequency of wine, wine selection factors, and difficulties in selecting wines. Data were collected during February 19th 2014 to April 20th 2014. Respondents were students who were taking classes about wine at a University located in the Gyeonggi-do area. Prior to the analysis, wine consumers were classified based on frequency of consumption: those who consumed wine less than once a month were classified as "Tell me consumers", whereas those who consumed wine once or more a month were classified as "Engage me consumers." The wine selection factors of the two groups were as follows: 'label aspect', 'taste and aroma', 'use purpose', and 'price and recommendation'. Regarding 'label aspect' and 'use purpose', there were significant differences between the two groups. Regarding difficulties in selecting wines, "Tell me consumers" mentioned the following: 'experience', 'price', and 'food pairing'. "Engage me consumers" mentioned the following: 'ability to identify new wines' and 'tastes of others who drink with or oneself'. Classifying domestic wine consumers and their behavioral features of drinking frequency of wine can be used for market segmentation of wine consumers.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.9
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• pp.125-136
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is the systematization of the contents analysis to develop school dietary education based on the government-published textbooks for elementary school students. The components of the content are divided into several categories that include a general perspective of the pages, illustrations, table of contents, introductory remarks, summary evaluation, and etc. This study carried out as basic fundamental research to propose a theoretical framework for the elementary school dietary education. We examined and analyzed the nature and characteristics, the educational goals, and the structural framework of the contents of the textbooks. We have developed a systematic structure with 4 large content elements for dietary education as foods & cooking, nutrition & health, dietary environment & consumption, and food culture & industry. This analysis will definitely play an important role in establishing a standard framework and the curriculum contents for school dietary education in elementary school.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.13-28
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• 2020

This study attempted to understand the characteristics of images of scientific experiments represented and consumed on YouTube, a representative of today's new media. In particular, this paper analyzes the case studies of YouTube's hydrogen peroxide decomposition experiment based on Baudrillard's theory of Simulation and Simulacra, which discusses the strong status of images and the ambiguity of the boundary between virtual and reality. A total of 14 YouTube videos related to hydrogen peroxide decomposition experiments were analyzed. In those videos, hydrogen peroxide decomposition experiments were typically conducted with several signs representing scientific experiments, but the most important sign in the videos were bubbles produced through experiments. For more public consumption of the content, the bubbles resulted from hydrogen peroxide decomposition reproduced in YouTube have been transformed into a more spectacular image as 'super-huge' and 'explosive' bubble. Considering the influence of new media that can be accessed by students anytime and anywhere, it is positive that science experiments in new media enhance students' intimacy and access to science. At the same time, however, it is also important to note the danger that the purpose of scientific experiments will be limited to only 'showing specular images', due to the nature of new media, which mainly deals with immediate and superficial images. Furthermore, this study argues that improving students' science media literacy is required to critically examine the science-related images represented in the new media based on understanding the characteristics and limitations of new media that deeply affect daily life.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.121-134
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the acceptance of vegetable menus by high school students and the factors that influence the acceptability. Second-grade high school students (n=389) in Seoul were asked to assess their acceptability of vegetable menus and plate waste, and answered survey questions concerning their demographic characteristics, health-related attitudes, dietary attitudes, dietary habits, and nutritional knowledge. Overall, the menus containing items that were sweet or familiar to the subjects were preferred. Acceptability was significantly associated with the amount of consumption. The acceptability was correlated with dietary habits, dietary attitudes, nutritional knowledge, and several health-related variables. The vegetable-liking groups showed significantly higher scores concerning dietary habits, dietary attitudes, and nutritional knowledge, but did not exhibit a specific pattern of association with the health-related variables. This result implies that intervention strategies focusing on changes in cognitive and/or hedonic factors, such as nutritional education or flavor-flavor learning, would be beneficial for increasing students' acceptance of vegetable menus.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2015

According to a recent survey, the sales amount of luxuries and imitations is getting larger. Especially young consumers in 2,30's have a strong desire to own luxuries, so I tried to build a theoretical base on the 20's consuming trend. Meanwhile, targeting university students who represent consumers in 20's, I investigated the recognition of luxuries, shopping experience, main shopping items, monthly spending money, and future purchase intention. I also investigated shopping experience of imitation, main shopping items, purchase reasons, and future purchase intention. I tried to suggest lots of academic and practical implications in marketing strategy building of luxury brand, aiming young consumers in 20's. On the social-psychological view point, young generation have relatively weak sense of control or self-efficacy. So, they are easily submerged in conspicuous consumption by the atmosphere around. As a result of empirical research, I found that Korean students recognized luxuries as excellent in quality, or the world famous brand. In particular, statistically significant gender difference was shown in the luxuries characteristics as the high-quality brand for male students and the world famous brand for female students. Most respondents have experience buying luxuries. And more monthly spending money, more experience they have. Respondents' purchased items were in order of fashion goods, clothing, watches/jewelry, cosmetics/perfume. And the statistically significant differences between gender and monthly spending money were shown. Not many respondents purchased luxuries imitations, and main purchased items were fashion goods. Most of purchase motives are price over quality and economy reason. The phenomena that the respondents of relatively high levels of monthly spending money had lots of luxuries imitations shopping experiences is interesting. Female students showed higher purchase intention for luxuries and imitations than male students. There was no statistically significant difference in grade level, but was found something interesting in monthly spending money. As monthly spending money increased, the purchase intention of luxuries increased, but the purchase intention of luxuries imitations decreased. However, non-linear trend was shown in the specific allowance level. This is replicate of the luxuries imitations purchase experience. Following studies will be needed for the exact interpretation for this. This study is an exploratory and descriptive, but can provide lots of fruitful academic and practical implications in formulating luxuries marketing strategies.