• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2005

In modern theory, creativity is an aim of mathematics education not only for the gifted but also fur the general students. The assertion that we must cultivate the creativity for the gifted students and drill the mechanical activity for the general students are unreasonable. Freudenthal has advocated the reinvention method, a pedagogical principle in mathematics education, which would promote the creativity. In this method, the pupils start with a meaningful context, not ready-made concepts, and invent informative method through which he could arrive at the formative concepts progressively. In many face the reinvention method is contrary to the traditional method. In traditional method, which was named as 'concretization method' by Freudenthal, the pupils start with ready-made concepts, and applicate this concepts to various instances through which he could arrive at the understanding progressively. Freudenthal believed that the mathematical creativity could not be cultivated through the concretization method in which the teacher transmit a ready-made concept to the pupils. In the article, we close examined the reinvention method, and presented a context of delivery route which is a illustration of reinvention method. Through that context, the principle of pascal's triangle is reinvented progressively.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.79-100
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• 2008

Freudenthal은 수학적 개념을 가장 수학답게 가르치는 것, 그럼으로써 창의성을 기를 수 있게 하는 것은 어떤 수학적 개념이나 원리의 역사적인 수학화 과정을 재현하는 것이 되며, 이러한 역사적인 수학화를 교실에서 재현하는 방법을 '재발명 방법(reinvention method)'이라고 하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 재발명 방법에 관한 이론들을 종합 분석하여, 효과적인 확률 개념 지도를 위해 제7차 초등 수학 교과서를 재구성해보고, 재구성한 내용을 직접 교수 실험함으로써 그 효과를 검증하고자 한다. 실험에 앞서 문헌 연구를 통해 재발명 방법에 대한 선행 연구를 종합 분석하면서 그와 대비되는 구상화 방법까지 고찰하였다. 현행 제7차 초등 수학 교과서를 면밀히 분석한 결과 현재 수학교과서의 확률 단원은 형식화를 강조하고 있고, 다루고 있는 확률 개념이 한정되어 있으며, 확률을 표현하는 방법 또한 분수로 제한하고 있음을 확인하였다. 이에 다양성과 현실 맥락을 주요 방향으로 하여 확률 단원 전체를 재구성하여 실험반에 적용하였다. 수업 결과 재발명 방법을 통해 학습을 진행하는 것이 학습자의 확률 개념을 형성하는 데 효과적이었으며, 다양한 표현 양식은 학습자의 확률에 대한 이해도를 높일 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.159-173
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• 2016

실제 교육 현장에서는 구체적 맥락에서 추상화하는 과정과 반대로 추상화된 개념을 먼저 가르치고 구체적인 문제 상황을 도입하는 경우도 있다. 즉, 추상적 지식을 구체화 해야 하는 경우가 있는 것이다. Freudenthal은 이런 상황을 반교수학적인 전도라고 표현하며 부정적인 견해를 나타낸 바 있지만 모든 수업상황이 구체적 상황이나 구체물에서 출발하는 추상화로 진행될 수 있는지는 의문의 여지가 있다. 본 연구에서는 구체물을 추상화하여 추상적 개념을 형성하는 과정과 추상적 개념을 구체적인 상황으로 구체화하는 과정에서 나타나는 수학적 사고의 차이점을 비교 분석하여 그 교육적 시사점을 살펴보고자 한다. 이를위해 AiC의 분석틀을 활용하여 구체물의 추상화 과정에서의 수학적 사고를 분석하였고, AiC의 분석틀을 토대로 연구자가 구안한 방식으로 추상적 개념의 구체화 과정에서의 수학적 사고를 분석하였다. 두 과정을 비교 분석한 결과 구체물의 추상화 과정만큼이나 추상적 개념의 구체화 과정에서도 유의미한 수학적 사고를 유도할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.188-196
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• 2005

The light has been considered as a main character that can not be omitted in architecture since ancient time. The recognition of space by light means that light makes the fictional space recognizable concretization. Light and shade make emptiness and substance can be easily recognized. Also reiteration and location of light and shade change the degree of acknowledgement. The character of light can strengthen or weaken the power of recognition concerning territory, direction and location. Also it can broaden, close, and segregate the domain and eventually strengthen recognition. In this study, I will try to find how space can be recognized with the help of light in architectural territories in terms of actual states. Also the main aim of my study will be the study of the light application in real space with the architectural example of space recognition by light and possible opportunity of it in space plan.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.412-425
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to understand the trend in research by analyzing previous studies related to the case management of Medicaid and to explore the direction of future research. Methods: Thirty three studies conducted from January 2003 to June 2015 were analyzed according to characteristics of researchers and subjects, research methods, measurable variables, and key words. Results: Of the studies analyzed, 69.7% were conducted on Medicaid beneficiaries, and 65.6% were conducted on the group of high risk for over medical utilization. The mainly used research design was a survey study design, which was 51.5% of them, followed by experimental (24.2%), and qualitative (12.1%) study design. Most frequently measured variables were medical utilization (62.5%), needs for case management (41.7%), and health status (25.0%). The topics most frequently studied were related to medical utilization, effect of case management, self-care, and program development in Medicaid beneficiaries and job and socio-psychological factors in case managers. Conclusion: The future direction of nursing research in Medicaid case management is to be vitalized through the expansion of the research population, and concretization and diversification of the research topics. In addition, conduct of further studies on intervention strategies and contents for improving quality of case management program is also needed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2021

The article analyzes and concretizes the understanding of the differences between the concepts of competence / competence according to the criterion general - personal. Based on the identified characteristics of competence (completed personal quality, activity character, educational result, successful implementation of professional and educational activities), the concept of competence as an integrative dynamic quality of a person, manifested in effective activity in a specific area, is defined. The structure of the IC has been substantiated, including motivational and value; information technology; communicative and reflective components. The content of the named IC components is disclosed. The article analyzes the essence of the characteristics of basic concepts (competence / competence), consideration of information competence in the research of famous scientists in order to concretize the studied phenomenon; concretization of the identified pedagogical conditions in educational process.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.197-216
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• 2024

The dual aims of this study were i) to explore the effectiveness of an assessment method that can measure the competencies learned through high school home economics and ii) develop a competency-based assessment framework for high school home economics, including components of competency-based assessment, item development system, and other elements. The study involved the following stages: literature analysis, draft development, concretization, validity verification, and final version. Based on the results of the literature analysis and expert deliberation, a competency-based assessment framework for high school home economics was developed which comprised three dimensions: 'core idea' × 'process' × 'context and value'. Based on this, an item analysis table was presented to systematize various activities for the competency-based assessment of high school home economics, following which a holistic rubric suitable for competency assessment tasks was proposed by referring to the newly developed 'process' dimension assessment criteria. This study is significant in that it is the first to propose a competency-based assessment framework that systematically presents a variety of assessment activities. These will facilitate the development of assessment standards and tools that teachers can refer to or trust in the changing school environment due to the introduction of the standard-based assessment system based on a high school credit system, and the guarantee of a minimum achievement level.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2006

초중등 학교교육에 e-러닝 체제가 도입되고 있지만, 정규교육과정에의 도입이 어려운 형편이다. 또한, 프로젝트 학습을 정규교육과정에서 현실적으로 적용하기에는 시수 부족이나 교과 접근에 대한 어려움을 초래하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 블랜디드 기반의 프로젝트 학습 진략을 수립하고 적용, 분석하였다, 이를 위해 블랜디드 학습 및 정보통신기술 기반 프로젝트학습의 개념에 대한 이론적 탐구를 하였다. 또한, 통합 교과기반 학습 주제를 선정하고 5단계 블랜디드 프로젝트 교수학습 전략을 구체화하였다. 구체화 전략은 토론, 역할 분담, 대안 평가 진략이었으며 온클래스-온라인, 온클래스-오프라인, 오프클래스 온라인의 유형으로 수업을 진행하였다. 적용 결과 학생들은 짧은 기간으로 인하여 아쉬움을 나타냈지만, 전체적으로 프로젝트 수업 효과에 긍정적인 반응을 나타냈다. 이에, 본 연구는 e-러닝을 정규학교교육에서 실천할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였으며, 디지털 기반의 학습자 중심 수업의 방향을 제시할 수 있었다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.321-348
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 교육실습과정을 체험하면서 느꼈던 개인의 경험을 심층적으로 살펴보고 실습과정 전반과 실습과정을 둘러싼 모든 환경을 총체적으로 이해해보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 가장 최근 교육실습을 경험한 연구 참여자를 선정하여 심층 면담을 진행하였으며 Giorgi의 현상학적 분석방법으로 자료를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 예비사서 교사의 교육실습에 대한 경험 구성요소는 '성장과정을 통한 도서관과 사서교사에 대한 인식의 형성', '진로설계에 대한 구체화와 실행전략', '실습경험을 통한 자기성장의 욕구', '조직문화 이해와 커뮤니케이션 관계 인지', '도서관과 사서교사에 대한 현실 직시'로 요약되었다. 이러한 연구 참여자들의 경험 요소는 시간적 흐름에 의한 맥락에서 이해될 수 있는 현상인 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 예비사서교사를 위한 교육실습에 대한 전반적인 검토와 환경을 개선하는데 활용될 수 있을 것을 기대한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2008

Borrowed landscape is an Oriental gardening method to draw inside external natural landscape, and borrowed landscape of Japan has a different characteristic from that of Korea or China nature is manipulated and re-interpreted by human will in the course of applying it to architectural space. In other words, not the original scenery, but manipulated one appears which is cut, reduced, or deleted by architectural elements such as wall, window, or fence. Therefore, this study examined how architectural structure of Ando Tadao symbolizing modernist architecture understood and adopted Japanese traditional views on nature, that is, borrowed landscape. To this end, on the basis of the understanding on 'polymerization of abstraction and form' he mentioned, his geometric architectural principles are discussed, since this serves to be an important beginning of architectural concretization by the concept of 'form' experienced and perceived by human being through geometric means called architecture 'abstraction.' The findings of this study are as follows: first, it was found that Ando Tadao generates borrowed landscape effects by polymerizing and manipulating his simple and geometric structures with each other and thereby editing natural scenery, while Japanese traditional borrowed landscape introduces source scenery inside, through condensation and symbolization. Second, the results of this study revealed that his architecture functions to transcend external and internal realm of a space, which is also observed in Japanese traditional architectural borrowed landscape. Therefore, this study is considered significant in the sense that it proved that Ando Tadao's architectural language is based on borrowed landscape as a specific Japanese traditional element, going beyond the scope of previous studies focusing simply on the introduction of natural elements.