• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2009

입상재료를 이용한 도로의 시공은 주로 다짐을 이용한다. 다짐으로 인한 효과는 흙의 강도증진, 압축변형감소, 투수계수감소등이 있다. 현재 사용하는 다짐은 주로 프록터 다짐기를 이용한 표준 및 수정다짐방법을 이용한다. 프록터 다짐기는 주로 충격에너지를 이용하여 다짐효과를 구현하는데, 이는 현장의 다짐기기에 의한 다짐조건과 상이하며, 최대건조밀도를 맞추는데 상당한 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 선회다짐기를 이용한 흙의 다짐평가를 시행하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 현장다짐장비의 조사, 실내다짐방법의 다짐특성 평가, 현장다짐특성을 평가하여, 선회다짐기를 이용한 새로운 다짐평가방법을 제시하고자 한다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2022

Spent filters with a high radiation dose rate of 2 mSv·hr^-1 or more are not easily managed. So far, the Korean policy for spent filter disposal is to store them temporarily at nuclear power plants until the waste filters can be easily managed. Nuclear power plant decommissioning in Korea is starting with Kori unit 1. Volume reduction of waste generated during decommissioning can reduce the cost and optimize the space usage at disposal site. Therefore, efficient volume reduction is a very important factor during the decommissioning process. A conceptual method, based on the experiences of developing 200 and 800 ton compactors at Orion EnC, has been developed considering worker exposure with the followings a crusher (upgrade of compaction efficiency), an automatic dose measuring system with a NaI(Tl) detector, a shield box, an inner drum to prepare for easy handling of drums and packaging, a 30 ton compactor, and an automatic robot system. This system achieves a volume reduction ratio of up to 85.7%; hence, the system can reduce the disposal cost and waste volume. It can be applied to other types of wastes that are not easily managed due to high dose rates and remote control operation necessity.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 2-패턴 테스트를 고려한 스캔 기반 BIST 구조를 제안한다. 제안하는 BIST는 STUMPS 구조론 기반으로 하고 있다. STUMPS 구조는 테스트 생성기로 선형 귀환 시프트 레지스터(LFSR)를 사용하고, 응답 압축기로는 다중 입력 시프트 레지스터(MISR), 그리고 다중 스캔 패스 구성에는 시프트 레지스터 래치(SRL)을 사용한다. 제안하는 BIST 구조에서는 degenerate MISR이 SRL 채널을 구성하도록 하여, STUMPS 기법에 비하여 원래 회로에 부가되는 BIST 회로의 크기를 줄이고 전체 시스템의 성능에 거의 영향을 주지 않도록 한다. 클럭 당 테스트와 스캔 당 테스트가 모두 지원되는 구조로 설계되며, 특히 스캔 당 테스트에서 스캔 데이터의 회로에 대한 영향을 억제하여 회로의 전력 소모를 크게 줄일 수 있다. ISCAS 89 벤치마크 회로에 대한 실험 결과로부터, SRL 채널 내 데이터의 해밍 거리를 고려하여 제안된 BIST가 경로 지연 고장의 검출에도 적용될 수 있음을 확인한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.397-403
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate weighted compaction density according to a leading density in truck, a compaction density of solid waste and composition ratios of solid waste fur calculation of a capacity of the landfill sites. The experiments for calculations of in-place density at landfill site have been conducted in S landfill site at B City. The size of vessel for measuring the compaction density was $1m^3(1m{\times}1m{\times}1m)$. The experiment tests have been carried out methods (1 time for bulldozer and 4 times for compactor) that do contain all of specification at the landfill site. Average of the loading density at the landfill site was $0.264\;ton/m^3$ ($0.113{\sim}0.487\;ton/m^3$). When the loading density for each compositions was compared, the composition of the highest average loading density ($0.474\;ton/m^3$) was miscellaneous wastes. The composition of the lowest average loading density ($0.120 ton/m^3$) was general solid waste. The reported results indicated that the compaction density at the landfill site was $0.538\;ton/m^3$, which was calculated with weighted incoming ratios of compositions. The ranges of the density for each composition were from $0.021\;ton/m^3$ to $0.221\;ton/m^3$. When the compaction density for each composition was compared, the composition with the highest average compaction density ($0.221\;ton/m^3$) was miscellaneous wastes. The composition with the lowest average compaction density ($0.021\;ton/m^3$) was general solid wastes.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.103-116
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• 1994

The objective of this study was to determine the criteria for density and moisture content measurements made with a nuclear density meter on common materials in the construction field. The study also sought to test a full-type nuclear density meter in controlling the density of overlay layers( 2.5~5.0cm). In order to determine the accuracy and reliablility of nuclear guage measurements made on construction materials, laboratory and field tests were conducted. Wooden blocks( 65 x 45 ${\times}$ 50 cm) and a special steel compactor( 4.7kg) were constructed in order to carry out tests which were conducted on three different materials; coarse gramed soil, fine grained soil, and AC material. Throughout all laboratory and field tests, the nuclear density and moisture content were determined using Humboldt 5OOLP nuclear gauge. The tests on subgrade material entailed obtaining density measurements by means of both the sand replacement method and the nuclear density meter. The results of the sand replacement method were then compared to the readings recorded bu the meter. As in the subgrade material tests, density measurements made during AC pavement tests were also determined using the unclear meter in addition to a second means; through the core method. The meter readings and core densties were compared as was done in the tests on subgrade materials. The correlation between the results of the sand replacement test( also, the core method) and meter readings on subgrade material was then determined. Sirnilarly, the observed results were then analyzed through linear regression. The tests to determine thin-lift density by means of a full-type nuclear density meter also conducted on the overlay layers( about 4. 8cm thickness) above AC pavements at road construction sities in Korea.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.3888-3893
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• 2014

국내에서 발생하는 폐타이어량이 증가하고 있다. 폐타이어의 효율적인 재활용 방법중 하나가 열분해공이다. 본 연구에서는 열분해 공법을 이용하여 폐타이어로부터 추출한 열분해 카본블랙을 배수성 아스팔트 혼합물에 혼합하여 소성변형특성을 평가하였다. 시험에 이용한 구속응력은 138 kPa, 축차응력은 551 kPa를 이용하였다. 시험온도는 45도를 적용하였다. 시험에 필요한 시편은 SHRP의 슈퍼페이브 다짐장비를 이용하여 중규모 교통량 조건을 구현하는 50회 선회다짐조건을 적용하였다. 열분해 카본블랙 10%를 사용한 아스팔트 혼합물의 안정도 값이 3.41 kN으로 가장 크게 나타났다. 열분해 카본블랙을 이용하지 않은 경우에 비해 50% 이상의 안정도(kN) 증가 효과를 나타내었다. 전체적으로 PCB를 사용하지 않은 시편의 소성변형이 PCB를 사용한 시편의 소성변형에 비해 크게 나타났다. PCB 사용시 5%에서 10%를 이용하는 것이 소성변형을 최소화 할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2004

고속도로 건설 및 유지관리 과정중 발생되는 폐콘크리트를 현장파쇄하여 생산한 재생골재를 도로 포장용 재료로 활용하기 위한 시험시공을 실시하였다. 동상방지층의 경우 재생굵은골재, 스크리닝스 및 모래를 소요입도로 혼합하였을 때 양호한 지지력을 나타내었으며 강도가 약한 모르터가 진동 및 전압에 의해 파쇄됨에 따라 재생골재 2$\sim$20mm 통과율이 5$\sim$13%정도 증가하였다. 재생골재를 사용한 빈배합 콘크리트의 강도는 천연쇄석에 비하여 71$\sim$85% 강도를 나타내었으나 배합강도 $57.5kgf/cm^2$를 크게 상회하였으므로 현장적용에는 문제없음을 확인하였다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2017

In recent years, the use of supplementary cementing materials, especially in addition to concrete, has been the subject of many researches. Rice husk ash (RHA) is one of these materials that in this research, is added to the roller compacted concrete as one of the pozzolanic materials. This paper evaluates how different contents of RHA added to the roller compacted concrete pavement specimens, can influence on the strength and permeability. The results are compared to the control samples and determined optimal level of RHA replacement. As it was expected, RHA as supplementary cementitious materials, improved mechanical properties of roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP). Also, the application of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in predicting the permeability and compressive strength is investigated. The obtained results shows that the predicted value by this model is in good agreement with the experimental, which shows the proposed ANFIS model is a useful, reliable, fast and cheap tool to predict the permeability and compressive strength. A mean relative error percentage (MRE %) less than 1.1% is obtained for the proposed ANFIS model. Also, the test results and performed modeling show that the optimal value for obtaining the maximum compressive strength and minimum permeability is offered by substituting 9% and 18% of the cement by RHA, respectively.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.165-177
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• 2015

Purpose: Accurate monitoring of soil strength is a key technology applicable to various precision agricultural practices. Soil strength has been traditionally measured using a cone penetrometer, which is time-consuming and expensive, making it difficult to obtain the spatial data required for precision agriculture. To improve the current, inefficient method of measuring soil strength, our objective was to develop and evaluate an in-situ system that could measure horizontal soil strength in real-time, while moving across a soil bin. Methods: Multiple cone-shape penetrometers were horizontally assembled at the front of a vertical plow blade at intervals of 5 cm. Each penetrometer was directly connected to a load cell, which measured loads of 0-2.54 kN. In order to process the digital signals from every individual transducer concurrently, a microcontroller was embedded into the measurement system. Wireless data communication was used between a data storage device and this real-time horizontal soil strength (RHSS) measurement system travelling at 0.5 m/s through an indoor experimental soil bin. The horizontal soil strength index (HSSI) measured by the developed system was compared with the cone index (CI) measured by a traditional cone penetrometer. Results: The coefficient of determination between the CI and the HSSI at depths of 5 cm and 10 cm ($r^2=0.67$ and 0.88, respectively) were relatively less than those measured below 20 cm ($r^2{\geq}0.93$). Additionally, the measured HSSIs were typically greater than the CIs for a given numbers of compactor operations. For an all-depth regression, the coefficient of determination was 0.94, with a RMSE of 0.23. Conclusions: A HSSI measurement system was evaluated in comparison with the conventional soil strength measurement system, CI. Further study is needed, in the form of field tests, on this real-time measurement and control system, which would be applied to precision agriculture.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.987-992
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 지반 반발력을 측정하는 상용 컴팩토미터와 일반가속도계에서 얻은 진동가속도를 분석하여 도출한 다양한 다짐도 평가 값 (CMV-A, CCV1, CCV2, PWRI)들을 비교 분석하였다. 본 모형시험지반의 자연함수비는 최적함수비 보다 약 20%가량 커 기존 다짐도 평가방법인 들밀도시험으로 구한 건 조단위중량이 다짐횟수의 증가에 상관없이 일정하게 나타나 잘 다져지지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 지오게이지와 동평판재하시험으로 구한 강성계수 $E_G$, $E_{LFWD}$ 도 동일한 경향을 나타냈다. 진동가속도에 대한 주파수 분석으로 구한 다양한 다짐도 평가 값과 컴팩토미터에서 얻은 CMV-C 값 모두 들밀도시험, 지오게이지, 동평판재하시험 그리고 동적콘관입시험 결과와 동일하게 다짐횟수 증가에 크게 상관없는 것으로 나타났다. 추후 다양한 지반조건에 대한 시험 결과를 축적, 분석하여 기존 다짐도 평가방법과의 정량적 상관관계 규명이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.