• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.382-389
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• 2020

"Eating cosmetic" market comes to prominence worldwide. Inner Beauty has established itself as the top trend nowadays and is leading the health functional food market. Another noticeable trend other than beauty-from-within is that products using "plant-based" natural botanical raw material are increasing. Based on these trends above, we have developed a plant extract named Agatri® for skin health using Agastache rugosa. By ingesting Agatri®, it is expected that the formation of skin wrinkles is suppressed, and skin elasticity is increased by suppressing the decrease in collagen content caused by ultraviolet rays. At the same time, it is possible to prevent skin aging by improving skin hydration and trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL). The studies show that it significantly increased production of hyaluronic acid and collagen, and decreased production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). And Agatri® has been approved as an "Individually recognized functional ingredient for skin health by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Korea in 2020. As a result, Agatri® is a good solution for those who are in need of skin protection from exposure to UV and aging.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2017

In the present study, we tried to examine whether oleanolic acid regulates the activity, secretion and gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in primary cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes, as well as the production of MMP-3 in the knee joint of rat to evaluate the potential chondroprotective effect of oleanolic acid. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were cultured in a monolayer, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$)-induced gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4), ADAMTS-5 and type II collagen. In rabbit articular chondrocytes, the effects of oleanolic acid on IL-$1{\beta}$-induced secretion and proteolytic activity of MMP-3 were investigated using western blot analysis and casein zymography, respectively. The effect of oleanolic acid on in vivo MMP-3 protein production was also examined, after intra-articular injection to the knee joint of rat. The results were as follows: (1) oleanolic acid inhibited the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5, but increased the gene expression of type II collagen; (2) oleanolic acid reduced the secretion and proteolytic activity of MMP-3; (3) oleanolic acid suppressed the production of MMP-3 protein in vivo. These results suggest that oleanolic acid can regulate the activity, secretion and gene expression of MMP-3, by directly acting on articular chondrocytes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.648-654
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• 1998

Twenty-four Javanese thin-tail ewes (11, 9, and 4 ewes giving birth to 1, 2, and 3 lambs, respectively) with similar body weight and age at breeding were used to study serum progesterone concentrations during pregnancy, milk production during lactation, and mammary gland indices at the end of lactation (3 months postpartum). The results of the experiment showed that averages serum progesterone concentrations during pregnancy in the ewes giving birth to twin and triplet lambs were higher (p < 0.01) than those giving birth to a single lamb. Ewes giving birth to 3 lambs had higher (p < 0.01) mammary dry fat-free tissue (DFFT) (by 31 and 34%), DNA concentration (by 25 and 16%) and RNA concentration (by 29 and 16%) at the end of lactation than those giving birth to 1 and 2 lambs. There was no difference in mammary collagen, protein and glycogen concentrations at the end of lactation among litter sizes. Ewes giving birth to 3 lambs had higher (p < 0.01) total mammary DNA content (by 64 and 61%) and RNA content (by 69 and 53%) at the end of lactation than those giving birth to 1 and 2 lambs. There was no difference in total mammary collagen, protein and glycogen contents at the end of lactation among litter sizes. Even though ewes with higher litter size had numerically higher milk production, there was no significant difference in milk production per 4 h among litter sizes. The results of the experiment indicated that ewes having higher litter size had greater mammary cell number and synthetic activities at the end of lactation. The results suggested that ewes with higher progesterone concentrations and better developed mammary glands during pregnancy could maintain higher cell number and activities throughout lactation.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1857-1862
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• 2013

교원질을 비롯한 세포외기질의 생합성을 통해 피부장력과 탄력 등 피부 특성을 제공하는 진피섬유모세포는 피부노화와 함께 활성이 감소되어 주름 형성의 이유가 된다. 따라서 젊고 건강한 피부를 유지하기 위해서는 진피섬유 모세포의 활성화가 큰 의미를 지닌다. 본 연구에서는 대복피 에탄올추출물이 진피섬유모세포의 세포외기질 합성에 미치는 영향을 ELISA, Western blot analysis 및 RT-PCR 등의 in vitro 평가법으로 측정하였다. ELISA와 western blot analysis에서 대복피추출물은 제1형 교원질, fibronectin, transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$)의 생성을 촉진시켰고, RT-PCR에서는 COL1A1, TGF-${\beta}1$, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), insulin growth factor (IGF)-1의 유전자 발현을 증가시켰다. 이상의 결과로부터 대복피추출물은 진피섬유모세포에서 세포외기질의 생성을 촉진시키는 천연소재인 것으로 판단되었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2014

We investigated whether luteolin affects the gene expression, secretion and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in primary cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes, as well as production of MMP-3 in the rat knee to evaluate the potential chondroprotective effects of luteolin. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were cultured in a monolayer and IL-$1{\beta}$-induced gene expression levels of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4), ADAMTS-5 and type II collagen were measured by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Effects of luteolin on interleukin- $1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$)-induced secretion and enzyme activity of MMP-3 in rabbit articular chondrocytes were investigated by western blot analysis and casein zymography, respectively. The effect of luteolin on MMP-3 protein production was also examined in vivo. The results were as follows: (1) luteolin inhibited the gene expression levels of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5. However, it increased the gene expression level of collagen in rabbit articular chondrocytes; (2) luteolin inhibited the secretion and activity of MMP-3; (3) luteolin inhibited in vivo production of MMP-3 protein. These results suggest that luteolin can regulate the gene expression, secretion and activity of MMP-3, by directly acting on articular chondrocytes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.312-316
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• 2003

The oriental herbal combination allergina has been shown to inhibit allergic inflammation. In the present study, we demonstrate that the oral administration of allergina markedly inhibits the progression of inflammatory diseases, such as graft-versus-host diseases (in the allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and the parent-into-F1 transplantation models), collagen-induced arthritis and sheep red blood cell-induced delayed type hypersensitivity. The immunosuppressive activity of allergina in vivo appears to be associated, at least in part, with the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-a production. In conclusion, our results suggest that allergina could be useful as a immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of macrophage-related inflammatory disease.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2020

Euchrestaflavanone A (EFA) is a flavonoid found in the root bark of Cudrania tricuspidata. C. tricuspidata extract, widely used throughout Asia in traditional medicine, has been investigated phytochemically and biologically and is known to have anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. It has been reported that C. tricuspidata extract also possesses anti-platelet effects; however, the mechanism of its anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic activities is yet to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of EFA on the modulation of platelet function using collagen-induced human platelets. Our results showed that EFA markedly inhibited platelet aggregation. Furthermore, it downregulated glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (αIIb/β3)-mediated signaling events, including platelet adhesion, granule secretion, thromboxane A2 production, and clot retraction, but upregulated the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent pathway. Taken together, EFA possesses strong anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic properties and is a potential therapeutic drug candidate to prevent platelet-related thrombosis and cardiovascular disease.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2007

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), which comes from Cordyceps militaris, the Chinese medicinal fungal genus Cordyceps, is used in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer and chronic inflammation. We recently reported that cordycepin has a novel antiplatelet effect through the down regulation of $[Ca^{2+}]_{i}$ and the elevation of cGMP/cAMP production. In this study, we further investigated the effect of cordycepin on collagen-induced platelet aggregation in the presence of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG)- or cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)-inhibitor. PKG inhibitor Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS potentiated the collagen-induced platelet aggregation, but PKA inhibitor Rp-8-Br-cAMPS did not. However, both Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS reduced inhibition by cordycepin of collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Moreover, cordycepin inhibited $Ca^{2+}-dependent$ phosphorylation of both 47 kDa- and 20 kDa-protein in the presence of both PKG inhibitor and PKA inhibitor. Taken altogether, these results suggest that the inhibitory effect of cordycepin on collagen-induced platelet aggregation is associated with cGMP/PKG- and cAMP/PKA-pathways, and thus cordycepin may be an efficacious intervention against platelet aggregation-mediated thrombotic disease.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.810-817
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• 2002

This study was carried out to know the effects of sopunghwalhyeoltang-gamibang(hereinafter referred to SPHHT) on the inhibition of arthritis induced by collagen on the mouse. Various experimental were performed in vivo (in DBA/1 J mice which are experimental model of arthritis induced by collagen) to analyse the immunomodulatory effects of SPHHT. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The cytotoxicity against mLFC was not measured in all concentration. 2. The arthritis index, incidence, hind paw edema, delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, spleen weight were reduced in SPHHT treated group. 3. The expression of CD3 ε +/CD4+, CD3 ε +/CD8+ and CD19+ in peripheral blood mononuclear were reduced in SPHHT treated group. 4. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly reduced in SPHHT treated group. 5. The formation of new bones and synivium were stimulated in SPHHT treated group. Comparison of the results for this study showed that Sopung-hwalhyeoltang-gamibang had immunomodulatory effects. So we expect that Sopunghwalhyeoltang-gamibang should be used as a effective drugs for not only rheumatoid arthritis but also another auto-immune disease. Therefore we have to survey continuously in looking for the effective substance and mechanism in the future.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of $Clematidis$ radix herbal-acupuncture solution, on collagen, adjuvant, lipopolysaccharide and phospholipase A2 induced rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Methods : Arthritis index was measured for mouse that was injected subcutaneously in solution mixed chicken type II collagen with Freund's complete adjuvant. We injected Freund's complete adjuvant into right posterior part of the sole of a ICR mouse foot, which was measured by plethysmometer. The solution mixed $CRHS$ with Tris-HCI, $CaCl_2$, substrate, enzyme was done a chemical action for thirty minutes, and then inhibitory activity of PLA2 enzyme was expressed with inhibition percentage by utilizing isolated arachidonic acid. COX-2 was induced by adding LPS to RAW 264.7 cell, and COX-2 activity was measured by western blot analysis and $PGE_2$ Biotrak kit. Results : $CRHS$ also inhibited Freund's complete adjuvant induced chronic rheumatoid arthritis in mice. $CRHS$ showed significant inhibition of type I and type II $PLA_2$ activities in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, $PGE_2$ production was decreased with $CRHS$ and lipopolysaccharide-induced COX-2 protein expression was significantly inhibited by $CRHS$. Conclusions : These results suggest that $CRHS$ has an therapeutic effect on drug induced-rheumatoic arthritis by inhibiting $PLA_2$ and COX-2 activities.