• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.330-335
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• 2003

Cirsium japonicum is a herbaceous perennial plant grown worldwide, which has been used as a folklore medicine due to its anti-inflammatory properties. A few studies have reported its functional properties, but analytical methods that more confidently and reproductively analyze the flavonoids are required. To establish analytical methods for the detection of flavones in Cirsium japonicum, the potential of HPLC and LC/MS were investigated. For this, the plants were separated into 4 parts; the root, stem, leaves, and flowers. The flavones in each part of the dried materials were analyzed by HPLC. Identification of flavones was performed by LC/MS. The leaves and flowers of Cirsium japonicum gave the optimum peaks, which were not detected by HPLC in the other parts of plants. Using LC/MS, three kinds of flavones were tentatively identified from the leaves, which were thought to be luteolin (5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-flavone), apigenin (4',5,7-trihy-droxyflavone), and hispidulin (4',5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone). Two flavones were detected from the flowers, which were been assumed to be apigenin and luteolin.

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2012

This study was designed to elucidate the effects of Cirsium japonicum (CJ) extracts on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs, LX-2 cells) proliferation, which is induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$). The content of total phenol, flavonoid, and silymarin derivatives was more higher in CJ-flower than in CJ-root. Consistent with these results, the LX-2 cells growth inhibition was more effective in CJ-flower extract than in CJ-root extract, the complete growth inhibition concentration was $1{\mu}g/mL$ and $50{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. These results suggest that extracts from CJ-flower can be potentially used as therapeutic substances for the regulatioin of HSCs activation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2011

Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense is known to have a variety of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity and antipyretic activity. In this study we investigated the role of polyacetylene compound, 1-Heptadecene-11, 13-diyne-8, 9, 10-triol (PA) from the root of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense as an immune-modulator. PA was evaluated as inhibitors of some macrophage functions involved in the inflammatory process. We tested the effect of PA on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1beta (IL-$1{\beta}$) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$), and nitric oxide (NO) in murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7. There was no effect on cytokine production of macrophages by PA itself. However, PA inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-$\alpha$ production by macrophages at a dose dependent manner. PA also suppressed the NO production of macrophages by LPS. LPS-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ activity was decreased by treatment of PA. Therefore, these results suggest that PA has anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the NF-${\kappa}B$ activation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.322-329
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• 2015

Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense are often used in treatment of human diseases such as hemorrhage, blood congestion and inflammation in Korea. However, there was not report on the anti-obesity efficacy of water extracts from different organs of C. japonicum var. ussuriense. Here, we investigated the antioxidant effects of water extracts of flowers, leaves and roots from C. japonicum var. ussuriense. Total polyphenol amounts of the flower extract showed higher than those of leaf and root extract. Flower extract also showed the high antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power. We also investigated the anti-obesity effects of water extracts of flowers, leaves and roots from C. japonicum var. ussuriense in 3T3-L1 cells and high fat diet-induced obesity mice. The mice were divided into four groups [high fat diet (HFD) control, HFD + leaf extract, HFD + flower extract and root extract] and administered with each extract (200 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. The flower and leaf extract significantly suppressed the levels of oil red O and triglyceride content. The flower and leaf extract also significantly reduced the triglyceride, total cholesterol and lower density lipoprotein levels of plasma as well as body and abdominal fat weight. Furthermore, oral glucose tolerance in the flower and leaf extract groups were significantly ameliorated in comparison to the high fat diet group. Therefore, these results indicate that the flower and leaf extract could ameliorate obesity and attenuate blood glucose level in high fat diet-induced obesity mice. We conclude that this study may provide positive insights into water extracts of flowers and leaves from C. japonicum var. ussuriense as a functional food ingredient for treatment of obesity.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.197-209
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• 2005

of Hangalku per plant sold for wild vegetables were 9.1g and 0.9g, and number of leaves was 10.8. Root fresh and dry weights of Hangalku per plant were 19.2g and 4.1g. Thirty five soil samples were collected from the native soils grown Cirsium japonicum DC., and mycorrhizal spores in soils were separated using wet-sieving methods. Number of mycorrhizal spores per 30g fresh soil sized over 500${\mu}$m, 355~500${\mu}$m, 251~354${\mu}$m, 107~250${\mu}$m and 45~106${\mu}$m were 0.6, 2.1, 6.0, 55.3 and 126, etc. Total number of mycorrhizal spores per 30g fresh soil were 190. Root infection by vesicles, hyphae and arbuscules were 13%, 4% and 3%, respectively. As a result of identification, mass propagated mycorrhizal spores by the host plant of Sudangrass were Glomus sp., Gigaspora sp., and Acaulospora sp., and so on.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.405-410
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• 2006

A series of aqueous or methanol extracts from four different Korean salad plants were assayed to determine their allelopathy and antioxidant activity. The extracts applied on filter paper in a Petri-dish bioassay significantly inhibited root growth of against alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seedlings. Leaf extracts from 40 g dry tissue $L^{-1}$ of Aster yomena was most phytotoxic to alfalfa root growth, and followed by that of Cirsium japonicum, Taraxacum officinale, and Ixeris dentate. Methanol extracts of plants dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity in vitro. Antioxidant activity of methanol extracts from the same plant species was investigated, and the result showed high DPPH free radical scavenging activity in Cirsium japonicum, Aster yomena, and Ixeris dentate, however, in Taraxacum officinale was least activity. By means of HPLC analysis, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and total phenolics with 7.68, 17.47 and 18.64 mg, $100g^{-1}$, respectively, showed the highest amounts in methanol extracts from Cirsium japonicum leaves. These results suggest that Compositae salad plants contain water-soluble substances with allelopathic potential as well as antioxidant activity.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.213-216
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• 2012

Our previous report showed that polyacetylene compound, 1-Heptadecene-11, 13-diyne-8, 9, 10-triol (PA) from the root of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense has anti-inflammatory activity. In this study we investigated the role of the PA as inhibitor of caspase-1, which converts prointerleukin-$1{\beta}$ (proIL-$1{\beta}$) to active IL-$1{\beta}$ and is activated by inflammasome involved in the inflammatory process. We tested the effect of PA on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-$1{\beta}$ in murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7. PA inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-$1{\beta}$ production by macrophages at a dose dependent manner. PA also suppressed the activation of caspase-1. The mRNA level of ASC (apoptosis-associated spec-like protein containing a CARD), an important adaptor protein of inflammasome, was decreased in the PA treated group. Therefore our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of PA is due to inhibit the caspase-1 activation.

• 생약학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2013

Cirsium japonicum (CJ) leaf (L) alcoholic extracts were investigated for analysis their active components (flavonoids and flavanolignans; silymarins) and inhibitory effect on transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}$ induced hepatic stellate cells (HSCs, LX-2 cells) activation. The CJ root (R) extracts were also analyzed and compared with leaf extracts. Total flavonoid and polyphenol contents of the leaf extracts showed higher than those of the root extracts. The content of each flavonoid compound, which was analyzed by HPLC, in CJ-L extracts was also higher than in CJ-R extracts. The results of flavanolignans content in CJ-L and CJ-R extracts were consistent in flavonoid and polyphenol. We studied inhibitory effect of two extracts against TGF-${\beta}1$ induced HSCs activation. The CJ-L extracts significantly suppressed overexpression of profibrogenic factor, ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin and collagen-${\alpha}1$(I). The CJ-R extract also showed inhibitory effect on TGF-${\beta}1$ induced HSCs activation, but the efficacy was lower than in CJ-L extract. These results suggest that CJ-L may contribute to the fibrotic liver treatment.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.406-414
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the functional composition and antioxidant activity of Cirsium and Carduus genera based on different parts. Leaves of Cirsium setidens Nakai contained 23.66% protein and seeds of Carduus crispus L contained 25.30% lipid. Extraction yields of Cirsium and Carduus genera were higher in leaves than in any other parts of the plants. Total phenolics and total flavonoid content were abundant in extracts of leaves, steam and root of C. japonicum var. ussuriense, and the flower extract of C. setidens Nakai. Silymarin was not found in extracts of Cirsium and Carduus genera. Acacetin was identified in leaf or flower extracts of C. setidens Nakai, or in leaf and steam extracts of C. pendulum Fisch ex DC. Apigenin was identified in the flower extracts of Cirsium and Carduus genera and constituted 7.16 mg/g in C. japonicum var. ussuriense. Cynarin was present at 5.55 mg/g in the seed extract of C. setidens Nakai, and narirutin represented 19.56 mg/g and, 4.18 mg/g of the seed extracts of C. pendulum Fisch ex DC and, Carduus crispus L, respectively. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenger activity was higher in flower extracts of C. setidens Nakai than in the other genera. Photochemiluminescence activity was 2.3 nmol in leaves and flower extracts of C. setidens Nakai and flower extract of Carduus crispus L. Flowers and seeds of C. setidens Nakai shoe potential as new functional materials.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.471-480
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• 2020

Background: The roots of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense (RCJ) have been used as traditional medicine in Korea for hematuria and hematemesis. These extracts exert anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects by scavenging for free radical and regulating the inflammatory response. However, the effect of RCJ on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been elucidated. Thus, we evaluated the water extract of RCJ (WRCJ) using type II collagen-induced RA models. Methods and Results: RA was induced by immunization with type II collagen. All experimental materials were orally administered daily for three weeks. The positive control group was administered with 0.2 mg/kg methotrexate (n = 7), while the experimental group was administered with WRCJ (100 or 500 mg/kg, n = 7). Serum levels of TNF-alpha, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and type II collagen IgG (CII) were measured using ELISA. Administration of 500 mg/kg WRCJ decreased the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CII. Moreover, WRCJ treatment diminished swelling of hind legs and infiltration of inflammatory cells in RA models' synovial membrane. Conclusions: These results indicate that WRCJ could improve RA, reduce inflammatory indicators and synovial inflammation. However, further experiments are required to determine how WRCJ can influence the signal transduction pathway in RA.