• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• 제56권12호
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• pp.749-753
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• 2013

Basically stem cells have characteristics of multi-potency, differentiation into multiple tissue types, and self-renew through proliferation. Recent advances in stem cell biology can make identifying the stem-cell like cells in various mammalian tissues. Stem cells in various tissues can restore damaged tissue. Stem cells from the adult nervous system proliferate to form clonal floating colonies called spheres in vitro, and recent studies have demonstrated sphere formation by cells in the tympanic membrane, vestibular system, spiral ganglion, and partly in the organ of Corti. The presence of stem cells in the ear raises the possibilities for the regeneration of the tympanic membrane & inner ear hair cells & neurons. But the gradual loss of stem cells postnatally in the organ of Corti may correlate with the loss of regenerative capacity and limited hearing restoration. Future strategies using endogenous stem cells in the ear can be the another treatment modality for the patients with intractable inner ear diseases.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and factors related to falls occurring among the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: The subjects were 299 community-dwelling-elderly in Jeju Province. Data were collected via in-person interviews by five visiting nurses in October, 2012. Fall risk assessment tools developed by the CDC, K-ADL, HDS-K, and GDS were used for data collection. Results: A significant number of subjects (34.1%) had experienced a fall at least once within the last six months. Living arrangements, strokes, urinary incontinence, main daily activities, and depression were significant factors related to these falls. Other risk factors included heavy use of medications, difficulties in walking and standing, needing arms to stand up from a chair, and hearing loss. Conclusion: The results reveal critical factors related to falls among the community-dwelling elderly. These information should be used to develop and implement fall prevention programs in communities.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.439-448
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• 2004

Magnetic bearing is an attractive device in precision engineering field because of its non-contacting nature and controllability of its dynamic characteristics. This paper provides a method of designing a sliding mode control for an active magnetic hearing(AMB) system which is used to support the elevation axis of a target tracking sight instead of mechanical bearings to eliminate the effect of mechanical friction. In such system, the axis should be levitated and supported within a predetermined air gap while AMB is excited by base motion. Experimental results showed that the sliding mode control is effective in disturbance rejection than conventional PID-control without any additive measurements.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.154-157
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• 2005

Generally, noise from a indoor air conditioner has been measured by overall sound pressure level, dB. Customers evaluation, however, of the noise from an air conditioners should not be depend on the only overall level but also the sensory feeling. Moreover, in this sensory evaluation, irregular, time-varying and uneven sounds which are difficult to describe itself by overall level are more affectable. Unfortunately however the formal evaluation method for this kinds of noise is not determined yet. In this research, the evaluation method for tonal noise, which is one of the unmeasurable sounds by overall level, is proposed to evaluate its acceptability based on the consumer's sense of hearing. To consider the consumer's sense, several times of Jury evaluation are carried out. The proposed approach could be applied to the other sound, which acoustical characteristics are similar to the tonal noise .

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2011

The aim of this paper is to evaluate noise characteristics of an electric power driven hammer. These investigation and analysis were made according to the ISO 1680/1 and MIL-STD 7410-1 and lead-wrapping experiment method that was used to identify the principal noise sources and analyze its noise. Hammer generates loud noise and it irritates and affects many people. Repeated exposures to loud noise can lead people to permanent hearing loss. Based on the contribution analysis, we confirm that the striker part is a major noise source and it has directional noise radiation pattern, which is left and right.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.175-180
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• 2002

Loading/Unloading(L/UL) mechanism has been considered to be an alternative to contact start-stop(CSS) mechanism which eliminates stiction and wear associated with frequent start and stop process. It has other advantages including increased areal density due to lower flying height, reduced power consumption, and improved shock resistance. In order for L/UL to be Implemented in Near-field recording system properly, dynamics of optical flying head must be understood and optimized. In this paper the dynamic characteristics during loading process is analyzed numerically to investigate the effect of design parameters such as loading speed. slider shape, and initia conditions on the dynamic reponses of flying head..

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2011

There are many factors that affect speech intelligibility and speech acceptability. Structural anomalies and neuromotor pathologies are known for the reasons of abnormal speech sounds. And there are minor variations related to oral mechanism. Speaking with restricted mouth opening related to therapeutic procedure or habitual speech pattern might affect the quality of speech sounds. So this study compared speech intelligibility and speech acceptability of recorded 24 words in two conditions (restricted mouth opening condition and normal mouth opening condition) by 30 normal hearing adults. The results showed that speech intelligibility and speech acceptability were significantly lower in restricted mouth opening condition. And speech acceptability was significantly lower than speech intelligibility in restricted mouth opening condition. Speech acceptability in restricted mouth opening condition was significantly lower especially in open vowel. These findings indicated that the mouth opening condition could affect vowel shape and could be an adverse effect on speech intelligibility and speech acceptability.

• 트랜스-
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• 제13권
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• pp.17-34
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• 2022

본 논문은 가상세계를 다루는 AR/VR 콘텐츠의 현실감 향상을 위한 몰입 요소를 연구한다. 이를 위해 선행적으로 몰입감 가상세계와 가상현실의 차이와 특징을 정리하였으며, 현재까지 개발된 가상세계의 현실감을 만들기 위한 몰입 요소에 대한 분석을 진행하였다. 몰입 요소를 감각 기관 중심으로 분류하여 크게 시각, 지각, 촉각, 청각 등의 감각적 몰입 요소와 기술적 몰입 요소를 나누어 연구하였으며, 이 요소 간의 상관관계를 살펴 몰입감 향상을 위한 콘텐츠 설계의 기준을 제한한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.1002-1011
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine characteristics of nursing science and identify expected outcomes from baccalaureate graduates, and to develop accreditation standards and criteria reflecting the characteristics of the nursing profession. Methods: A methodological research design was utilized in this study. Related literature reviews and the nursing education program goals and objectives of the 99 nursing schools in Korea were analyzed. A cross-sectional survey research design was utilized to test the validity of the developed characteristics of the nursing profession and their accreditation criteria and standards. The face validity was from the advisory committee and public committee hearing. Results: The characteristics of nursing science were defined with five concepts including humanity, scientific knowledge, professionalism, therapeutic relationship, and facilitating well-being. The expected outcomes from graduates were identified as providing holistic nursing, critical thinking, establishing professionalism and leadership, construction of a therapeutic relationship, and skilled nursing practice. Finally6 standards and 14 criteria reflecting the unique characteristics of the nursing profession were developed for accreditation. These proposed accreditation standards and criteria are a challenge to promote the quality of nursing science.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2014

This paper investigated the effects of frequency band limitation on perceptual characteristics of Korean consonants. Monosyllabic speech (144 syllables of CV type, 56 syllables of VC type, 8 syllables of V type) produced by two announcers were low- and high-pass filtered with cutoff frequencies ranging from 300 to 5000 Hz. Six listeners with normal hearing performed perception test by types of filter and cutoff frequencies. We reported phoneme recognition rates and types of perception error of band-limited Korean consonants to examine how frequency distortion in the process of speech transmission affect listener's perception. The results showed that recognition rates varied with the following factors: position in a syllable, manner of articulation, place of articulation, and phonation types. Consonants in the final position were stronger to the frequency band limitation than those in the initial position. Fricatives and Affricates are stronger than stops. Fortis consonants were less stronger than their lenis or aspirated counterparts. Types of perception error also varied depending on such factors as consonant's place of articulation: In case of bilabial stops, they were perceived as alveolar stops with while in cases of alveolar and velar stops, there were changes in phonation types without any change in the place of articulation.