• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.6 no.6
• /
• pp.505-512
• /
• 2012

Many aging male suffer various andropause symptoms including loss of physical and mental activities. This study evaluated the putative alleviative effects of CRS-10 dandelion and rooibos extract complex (CRS-10) on the symptoms of andropause. The survival rate of TM3 Leydig cells (TM3 cells) treated with CRS-10 was measured based on typical physiological stress. After daily intake of CRS-10 for 4 weeks, the level of testosterone, physical activity and both the number and activity of sperm in older rats (18 weeks) were measured. Furthermore, thirty males were surveyed with AMS (Aging Males' Symptoms) questionnaire after intake of 400 mg of CRS-10. Overall, CRS-10 protected TM3 cells from serum restriction and oxidative stress via activation of ERK and Akt pathways. The level of testosterone and activation of spermatogenesis in rats were significantly enhanced. In addition, physical locomotion was markedly improved. Daily intake of 400 mg of CRS-10 improved the quality of life among agingmale respondents, according to a clinical survey using the AMS. The results indicate the potential of CRS-10 as a safe and efficacious natural substance for reducing or alleviating andropause symptoms.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 2002

Background: CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte associated Antigen 4, CD152) has been known as a homologue of CD28, an accessory molecule providing a key costimulatory signal for successful antigen-driven activations of T lymphocyte. Most of biochemical and cell biological characteristics of the CD152 protein remain unknown while those of CD28 have been characterized in detail. Methods: In this study CD152 expression in both $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$ PBLs was studied by using flow cytometry. And intracellular CD152 multiprotein complex was purified and used for generating antibodies recognizing proteins composing of intracellular CTLA-4 multi protein complex. Results: Level of surface expression of this molecule was peaked at 2 days of PHA stimulation in flow cytometric analysis. 40~45% of PHA blast cells were $CD152^+$ in both of two subsets at this stage and the level of expression were equivalent in both two subsets. Contrary to this surface expression, intracellular expression was peaked at day 3 and it was preferentially induced in $CD8^+$ cells and about 60% of $CD8^+$ cells were $CD152^+$ at this stage. High molecular weight (>350 kD) intacellular CD152 protein complex purified by using preparative electrophoresis were immunized into rabbits and then 3 different anti-P34PC4, anti-P34PC7 and anti-P34PC8 antibodies were obtained. Using these 3 antibodies two unknown antigens associated with intracellular CD152 multiprotein complex were found and their molecular weights were 54 kD and 75 kD, respectively. Among these, the former was present as 110 kD homodimer in non-reducing condition. Conclusion: It seemed that 34 kD intracellular CD152 molecule forms high molecular weight multiprotein complex at least with 2 proteins of 75 kD monomer and 110 kD homodimer.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.13.1-13.6
• /
• 2012

The advanced glycation endproducts receptor (AGER) is a multiligand signal transduction receptor. One of its ligands, S100b molecules activates vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells via its receptor, thus triggering activation of signaling cascades and generation of cytokines and proinflammatory molecules. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 is an E2 conjugating enzyme that transfers the activated small ubiquitin-related modifier to protein substrates, and thus it plays a critical role in SUR-Mylation-mediated cellular pathways. Previous studies have shown that both AGE-R and Ubc9 play roles in diverse cellular signaling pathways. However, until recently, little attention has been paid to interactions between AGE-R and Ubc9. In this study, sequence database searches allowed us to identify a potential interaction motif between AGE-R and Ubc9. The subsequent biochemical and molecular biological analysis suggested that there may be specificity in AGE-R and Ubc9 complex signaling in atherosclerosis and cancer cells in a cell-type specific manner. Although the determinant for specificity in AGE-R and Ubc9 complex signaling in cancer cells and atherosclerosis is yet to be determined, this study provides the basis to develop a specific therapeutic application of AGE-R, SURM (small ubiquitin-related modifier)-1, and Ubc9 complex activation pathways in atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancer and inflammatory diseases.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.327-332
• /
• 1999

A highly productive fed-batch fermentation process was developed for the production of L-ornithine by using a new stabilized strain, Breviabcterium ketoglutamicum BK52. Fed-batch cultures with a continuous feeding of the complex medium were conducted on various operating conditions. The optimal concentration of phosphate in the complex medium was 2.1g/L. The optimal feeding rate of L-arginine was 0.028g/L/hr. The optimal feeding point of the complex medium was determined to be at 40 OD of the cell mass. The final L-ornithine concentrations within 64hrs of cultivation in 5 and 50 liter fermenters were 73g/L and 71g/L, respectively. The maximum overall L-ornithine productivity was 1.14g/L/hr which was about 2 times higher than that of the conventional fed-batch culture with intermittent feeding. The overall productivity of the fermentation system is remarkably improved by employing the optimized conditions, and it offers a significant potential for industrial application.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 1994

Chromosome variation in callus cells initiated from different cytogenetic type plane of Scilla scilloides Complex was analysed Considerable variation in both chromosome number and struchure was found in type AA, while no autosomal variation was detected in type BB callus cells. In allotetraploid AABB, two hypoploid cells were fount while a hypoploid cell and three hyperploid cells were found in eutetraploid cells of BBBB. Autosomes in callus cells derived from the plant with B-chromosomes were more stable than those from the plant without B-chromosome. We doubt that B-chromosomes have a selective function for the autosomes in culture of S. scilloides Complex.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 2000

We have synthesized a novel platinum(II) coordination complex containing cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) as a carrier ligand and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) as a leaving group. In addition, nitrate was added to improve the water-solubility. A new series of [Pt(cis-DACH)(DCE)] $2NO_3(PC)$ was evaluated for its cytotoxic activity on T-24 and J-82 human bladder carcinoma cells and normal primary cultured kidney cells. PC has demonstrated high levels of cytotoxicity against T-24 and J-82 cells. The cytotoxicity of PC against rabbit proximal renal tubular cells, human renal cortical cells and human renal cortical tissues, determined using the MTT assaying technique, the $[^3H]-thymidine$ uptake and glucose consumption tests, was found to be quite less than those of cisplatin. Based on these results, this novel platinum(II) coordination complex appears to be better for improving antitumor activities with low nephrotoxicity and is a valuable lead in the development of new clinically available anticancer chemotherapeutic agents.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.28 no.11
• /
• pp.1302-1310
• /
• 2005

Glucosylated polyethylenimine (GPEI) was synthesized as a tumor-targeting gene carrier through facilitative glucose metabolism by tumor glucose transporter. Particle sizes of GPEI/DNA complex increased in proportion to glucose content of GPEI, whereas surface charge of the complex was not dependent on glucosylation, partially due to inefficient shielding of the short hydrophilic group introduced. GPEI with higher glucosylation (36 mol-$\%$) had no cytotoxic effect on cells even at polymer concentrations higher than 200 $\mu$g/mL. Compared to unglucosylated PEl. glucosylation induced less than one-order decrease of transfection efficiency. Transfection of GPEI/DNA complex into tumor cells possibly occurred through specific interaction between glucose-related cell receptors and glucose moiety of GPEI. Gamma imaging technique revealed GPEI/DNA complex was distributed in liver. spleen. and tumors.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2003

Viral and non-viral vectors have been used in the delivery of genetic materials into animal cells and tissues, with each approach having pros and cons. Non-viral vectors have many useful merits such as easy preparation, low immunity and size tolerance of a transgene when compared to those of viral vectors. Delivery specificity may be achieved by complex formation between receptor ligands and a non-viral vector. In the present study, non-viral vector systems are investigated in an effort to find a practical delivery means for gene therapy, Receptor-ligand interaction between transferrin-receptor and transferrin was utilized for efficient gene transfer into cancer cells. A plasmid vector, pcDNA3 (LacZ) was ligated with a small duplexed oligo fragment in which a Biotin- VN$^{TM}$ phosphoramidite was placed in the middle of the oligo. The plasmid vector labeled by biotin was then conjugated with biotin-labeled transferrin via streptavidin. This trimeric conjugates were delivered to a hepatoma cell line, HepG2. The delivery efficiency of the trimeric conjugate was 2-fold higher than that of cationic liposomes used for transfection of a plasmid vector. These results demonstrate that a plasmid vector can be efficiently transferred into cells by forming a trimeric complex of plasmid vector-linker-ligand.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
• /
• 2016.03a
• /
• pp.62-66
• /
• 2016

Tumor suppressor protein p53 loses its function upon binding with the HDM2 protein, and inhibiting the p53-HDM2 interaction is critical to suppress tumor cell growth. Recently, the cyclized helix-loop-helix peptide (cHLH) mimicking the ${\alpha}-helix$ part of the p53 protein has been designed and found to exhibit high binding affinity with HDM2. Here, we report the structural and thermodynamic characteristics of the bound complex of the cHLH peptide with the HDM2 protein. We performed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the structural features of the cHLH peptide as well as its complex with the HDM2. The binding free energy calculation based on the integral equation theory was also executed to quantify the binding affinity for the cHLH/HDM2 complex and to understand the factors contributing to the binding affinity. We found a variety of factors for the helix stability of the cHLH peptide as well as in the complexation with the HDM2, which may provide an insight into the development of anti-cancer drug designs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2017.10a
• /
• pp.756-759
• /
• 2017

The productivity of cultivated crops in Korea is low compared to the Netherlands, which is an advanced agricultural country. In addition, modernization of facility and complex environmental control technology are needed to overcome poor growth and productivity deterioration caused by shortage of sunshine, abnormal temperature and high temperature due to abnormal climate. On the other hand, domestic facility horticulture complex environmental control is a level of machine automation that can check the internal situation of a green house with a cell phone and remotely operate a sprinkler, heat cover, curtain, ventilator, Therefore, this paper suggests the development of optimum environment control technology for facility horticulture based on the growth model and the cultivation technology knowledge base in order to realize the automation of optimal complex environment control and contribute to improvement of quality and productivity of cultivated crops.