• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.442-448
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• 2009

We investigated photooxidation and responses of antioxidant enzymes involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) after light-chilling ($4^{\circ}C$) for 2 days and post chilling ($25^{\circ}C$) in rice leaves. Chilling leaves indicated a 50% reduction in photosynthetic efficiency ($F_v/F_m$ ratio) and a 48% increase of $H_2O_2$, respectively, compared to the control group. In comparison with the control, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) increased at light-chilling and post-chilling. CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD among SOD forms were detected in rice leaves, while Fe-SOD was not found. The increase of SOD and GR activity may serve as a basis for defense against chilling injury as it dismutase superoxide generated by light-chilling. Catalase (CAT) activity decreased during light-chilling, while activity of APX showed remarkable increase during light-chilling in rice leaves. Among CAT isoforms analyzed by 10% native PAGE, activities of isoform -2 and -3 were inhibited during light-chilling. From the elevated APX activity and decreased CAT activity, we suggest that these two enzymes show mutual supplementary relationships, indicating different tendency during light-chilling.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.188-202
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• 2011

Objectives : Oxidative stress seems to play a major role in mechanisms by which ethanol causes liver injury. Previous studies have shown that treatment with Chungganhaeju-tang (Qingganjiejiu-tang, CGHJT) has protective effects on alcoholic liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Chungganhaeju-tang on oxidative stress. Materials and Methods : In vitro, we evaluated the inhibitory activities of CGHJT on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), xanthine oxidase, trypsin, and hyaluronidase, and measured cell viability, and proliferation. In the cell culture model, we measured the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) after CGHJT treatment in C34 and E47 cell lines, HepG2 cells transfected with/without the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) gene. In vivo, we measured malondialdehyde levels in the liver tissue and alcohol concentration in the blood. Results : CGHJT showed significant free radical scavenging activity against DPPH and xanthine oxidase in the in vitro study, and increased cell viability, proliferation, and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase in C34 and in E47 cell lines. CGHJT reduced malondialdehyde levels and blood alcohol concentration in vivo, as well. Conclusions : This study suggests that CGHJT has antioxidant effects on oxidative stress by reducing lipid peroxidation and inhibiting the ethanol induced suppression of antioxidant enzyme activities.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

Quercetin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucuronopyranoside (QGC) is a flavonoid glucoside extracted from Rumex Aquaticus Herba. In the present study, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of QGC were tested in vitro. Epithelial cells obtained from cat esophagus were cultured. When the cells were exposed to acid for 2 h, cell viability was decreased to 36%. Pretreatment with 50 ${\mu}M$ QGC for 2 h prevented the reduction in cell viability. QGC also inhibited the productions of intracellular ROS by inflammatory inducers such as acid, lipopolysaccharide, indomethacin and ethanol. QGC significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and also induced the expression of SOD2, while it restored the decrease of catalase expression in cells exposed to acid. QGC inhibited NF-${\kappa}B$ translocation, cyclooxygenase-2 expression and $PGE_2$ secretion in cells exposed to acid, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of esophagitis. The data suggest that QGC may well be one of the promising substances to attenuate oxidative epithelial cell injury and inflammatory signaling in esophagus inflammation.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.216-221
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• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the effects of silk fibroin powder on oxygen radicals and their scavenger enzymes in serum of rats. Sprague-Dawley(SD) male rats (160${\pm}$10 g) were fed experimental diets (SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups)added 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. Triglyceride levels were remarkably inhibited (15∼25%) in SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group. Hydroxyl radical ($.$OH) formations resulted in a marked decrease (15%∼25%) compared with control group, while superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide formations resulted in a significant decrease (6∼12% and 10%). Lipid peroxide and oxidized protein (>C=O group) productions resulted in a significant decrease (6∼12% and 6%) compared with control group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were remarkably increased (35∼55% and 40∼50%), but glutathione peroxidase (GSHPX) activities were significantly increased (13%) compared with control group. These results suggest that anti-aging effect of silk fibroin powder (SFP) may play a pivotal role in attenuating a various age-related changes.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.141-146
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• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the effects of silkworm powder (SWP) on oxygen radicals and their scavenger enzymes in serum of rats. Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats (160${\pm}$10g) were fed experimental diets (SWP-200and SWP-400 groups)added 200 and 400mg/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. Triglyceride (TG)levels were significantly inhibited (10% and 25%) in SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups, but there were no singificant differences in total, LDL-and HDL-cholesterol levels in both SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups. Hydroxyl radical ($.$OH) formations resulted in a marked decreases (about 20%) in both SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups compared with control group. Superoxide radical (O2.-)and hydrogen peroxide formations resulted in a significant decreases in SWP-400 group compared with control group. Lipid peroxide (LPO)and oxidized protein(>C=O group) productions resulted in a significant decreases (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activiteies were remarkably increased (10∼25% and 40∼50%)in SWP-200 and SWP-400groups. Glutathione peroxidase(GSHPX) activities were significantly increased (about 10%) in SWP-400 groups compared with control group. These results suggest that anti-aging effect of silkworm powder (SWP) may play a pivotal role in attenuation a various chronic degenerative diseases age-related changes.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.285-290
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• 2019

This study was carried out to identify the skin anti-aging effect of cycloheterophyllin on dermal fibroblasts. To elucidate anti-aging effects of cycloheterophyllin on dermal fibroblasts, I measured cell viability, mRNA expressions, and Collagen, type I/matrix metallopeptidase 1(MMP1)-ELISA assay. In this study, I investigated the effects of cycloheterophyllin on Collagen, type I, alpha 1(COL1A1)/Collagen, type III, alpha 1(COL3A1)/MMP1/Superoxide dismutases/Catalase(CAT) mRNA expressions and Collagen, type I/MMP1 protein production. Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR showed that cycloheterophyllin increased mRNA level of COL1A1/COL3A1/CAT genes and collagen, type I protein by ELISA assay compared to UVA-treated dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore MMP1 mRNA and protein expressions were decreased by cycloheterophyllin treatment. These observations revealed that cycloheterophyllin increased anti-aging effects in dermal fibroblasts. Therefore, I identified the anti-aging effects of cycloheterophyllin, and these results showed that the cycloheterophyllin can be a considerable potent ingredient for skin anti-aging. Based on this, I anticipated further researches about cycloheterophyllin for mechanism to develop not only cosmetics but for healthcare food or medicine.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.208-221
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• 2014

Purpose : Banhasasim-tang (BHSST) has been applied for treating the symptom of gastric stuffiness, which is similar to dyspepsia. The object of this study was to observe the healing effect of BHSST on the indomethacin (IND)-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Methods : Three different dosages of BHSST (400, 200 and 100 mg/kg) were orally administered 30 min before IND treatment; 6 hrs after IND treatment, the changes on the gross lesion scores, fundic histopathology, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system (glutathione contents, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities) were observed, and compared with the activity of the synthetic anti-ulcer drug, a representative proton pump inhibitor omeprazole (OME) 10 mg/kg. Results : All three different dosages of BHSST treatment in the IND-induced gastric ulcer rats, significant and dose dependent decreased gastric damages - hemorrhagic gross lesions, gastric mucosa MPO levels and histopathological gastric ulcerative lesions - were detected as compared with the IND treated control rats. BHSST also strengthened the antioxidant defense systems - decreased the level of lipid peroxidation and CAT activity but increased the level of GSH and SOD activity, and BHSST 200 mg/kg showed similar anti-ulcerative effect as compared with OME 10 mg/kg. Conclusions : The results obtained in this study suggest that BHSST has favorable effects against IND-induced gastric damages, through significant and dose-dependent decreasing gastric damages and the strengthening of the body's antioxidant defense systems with direct anti-inflammatory effects.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.29
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• pp.1.1-1.7
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• 2014

Objectives The present subacute study was designed to evaluate the effect of coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) in the 28 days aroclor 1254 exposure induced oxidative stress in mice brain. Methods Biochemical estimations of brain lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), and histopathological investigations of brain tissue were carried out. Results Oral exposure of aroclor 1254 (5 mg/kg) led to significant decrease in levels of GSH, and activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and AChE, and increase in LPO. These aberrations were restored by CoQ10 (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection [IP]). This protection offered was comparable to that of L-deprenyl (1 mg/kg, IP) which served as a reference standard. Conclusions Aroclor 1254 exposure hampers the activities of various antioxidant enzymes and induces oxidative stress in the brains of Swiss albino mice. Supplementation of CoQ10 abrogates these deleterious effects of aroclor 1254. CoQ10 also apparently enhanced acetyl cholinesterase activity which reflects its influence on the cholinergic system.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2004

To ascertain the effects of hair dyeing application on oxidative stress in human, a mixture of permanent black colored hair dye with the same amount of oxidant containing 6% hydrogen peroxide was used. A hair dyeing with contacting the scalp (conventional dyeing) and a hair dyeing with 3 to 4mm away from the scalp (alternative dyeing) were applied to each 15 young healthy women. Blood was taken from the brachial vein at two sampling times, just before and 6 hours alter the hair dyeing, and antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant contents were measured in red blood cells. After dyeing, malondialdehyde(MDA) contents for conventional dyeing group was shown to a tendence of more increased than alternative dyeing group. After dyeing, reduced glutathione (GSH) contents for conventional dyeing group was shown to a tendence of more decreased than alternative dyeing group. After dyeing, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly decreased in conventional dyeing group (p < 0.01), however, SOD and CAT activities were not significantly decreased in alternative dyeing group. After dyeing, there was no significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity both for conventional dyeing group and alternative dyeing group. Therefore, after dyeing, the degree of oxidative stress in red blood cells for alternative dyeing group was appeared to be lower than conventional dyeing group.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2004

The present study describes the ameliorating effect of $Ca^{++}\;on\;Cd^{++}$ toxicity on the germination, early growth of mungbean seedlings, nitrogen assimilation enzyme. s-nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NIR), anti-oxidant enzymes (POD, CAT and SOD) and on the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and sulphydryls. $Cd^{++}$ inhibited seed germination and root and shoot length of seedlings. While NR activity was down- regulated, the activities of NIR, POD and SOD were up- regulated with $Cd^{++}$ treatment. $Cd^{++}$ treatment also increased the accumulation of sulphydryls and peroxides, which is reflective of increased thiol rich proteins and oxidative stress. $Ca^{++}$ reversed the toxic effects of $Cd^{++}$ on germination and on early growth of seedlings as well as on the enzyme activities, which were in turn differentially inhibited with a combined treatment with calcium specific chelator EGTA. The results indicate that the external application of $Ca^{++}$ may increase the tolerance capacity of plants to environmental pollutants by both up and down regulating metabolic activities. Abbreviations: $Cd^{++}= cadmium,\;Ca^{++} = calcium$, NR= nitrate reductase, NIR=nitrite reductase, POD = peroxidse, SOD= superoxide dismutase, CAT= catalase, EGTA= ethylene glycol-bis( $\beta-aminoethyl ether$)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid.