• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.413-419
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• 2004

In these days, 8,000TEU container ship service launches in shipping service at latest based on the economy of scale, unit cost related with ship operation on ocean decreases in proportion to increase of ship scale and mega ship over 10,000TEU is on planning. Most of the exiting researches have performed from the perspective of total operation cost from mega port to mega port. However, the purpose of this paper is to estimate economic efficiency by ports selected Hub port from total cost point of view, operation cost, port charge, feeder cost, etc.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.6 s.112
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• pp.465-470
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• 2006

Nowadays, vessel's size is tending to bigger, Therefore port facilities are developed according to this trend, which has been shown in the competition of Hub-Port among the main ports such as Port of Busan and Port of Shanghai. However there are the limited number of large containerships more specifically so 70% of the total ships calling at Busan Port are small and medium sized ships which are less than 20,000 ton As a result, it is necessary to consider the handling facilities of these ships which had been disregarded The big size of facilities increases handling cost bemuse of high investment so it is possible for small and medium sized ships to have disadvantages financially and avoid calling. In this paper, we estimate the propriety of utilization of crane and labor according to the size of vessels after analyzing time value cost, reflecting the size of vessels, size and number of crane and labor structure, and container handling cost value.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.46-48
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• 2014

The port of Incheon is very famous of strong current and many curved fairway with exist of many islands around the fairway. Therefore the max size of calling vessel is restricted in 50K DWT with 13.0m draft. However in the near future, half cargo loaded VLCC will call SK energy Dolphin berth for discharging of crude oil. In this connection, this study will evaluate the safety of passing for Dongsudo-fairway by using the shiphandling simulation data that was produced by familiarized training & education for Incheon port pilots about VLCC's maneuvering characters and the fairway of Incheon port.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.27-45
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• 2002

The continuing pace of technological change and the trend toward larger and faster ships is evident as shipping lines compete in seeking economies of scale in the global market and ports. become increasingly reliant on sophisticated equipment. Across the Asia and Pacific region some of the worlds most modern container ships are calling at an extensive network of mainline and feeder ports. This paper shows that during the period from 1999 to 2011, Asian container trade is expected to continue to increase more rapidly than the world average, i.e., 7.2 per cent per annum compared with the world average of 6.3 per cent. It is forecast that the total volumes of international containers handled at the ports in Asia and the Pacific will increase at an average growth rate of 7,2 per cent per annum. In order to handle the anticipated port container traffic in 2011, new container berths are required in nearly every country in the Asia and the Pacific region. This will entail very significant capital investment requirements. If countries in the UNESCAP region are to position their ports to meet the challenges of the next decade, there is an urgent need to implement more robust strategies to address important issues including prioritisation of port development projects, promotion of private sector participation in ports, emphasis on productivity and preparation for intermodal integration and logistics growth.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.13-30
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• 1996

It is general that large ships entering or leaving a port located in the East coast of Korean peninsular are often exposed athwart to swell while maneuvering in the vicinity of breakwater at harbor enterance or to prevailing wind inside the port in winter. Particulary, Many VLCCs laden with ore coal are calling at Pohang Port, on account of which it is likely that one of those VLCCs block the port if they were to run aground in fairway due to adverse circumstance of swell, prevailing winds or improper shiphandling. This accident may result in delay of delivery of raw material for Pohang Steel Mill which will bring about shortcomings of steel products for nationwide relevant industries causing national economic shock. Therefore, This study basically aims at establishment of certain criteria for safe unberthing of VLCC in this port to prevent such unexpected disaster because any VLLC is highly affected by external forces when in ballast condition. Computer simulations are unavoidable to fulfull this study successfuly and many simulations have been carried out repeatedly to find a model of safe unberthing under various unfavourable wind conditions. The "PC-based ship maneuvering simulator for training purpose" was used to perform numerous simulations at the least economic burden and to verify its availability that it can be used not only for training but also some other purposes. purposes.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.709-714
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• 2004

This paper first tries to analyze total sea transport costs for the transshipment in Busan Port in comparison with direct transport to 4 Chinese Ports, Dalian, Tinajin, Qingdao and Shanghai, based on vessel operation scenarios. The results found that the transshipment in Busan port for the 4 Chinese ports are more expensive than the direct calling to the 4 ports, which implies that Busan port needs to make compensation as an incentive to the carriers providing transshipment service to it in order to keep their royalty. For the compensation, it suggested a method of calculating the Container Terminal Facilities Leasing Fee to levy additional revenue by port authority.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2004

In this paper, we estimate the difference of port preference and attributed importance by diving subjects of the survey into internal and external shipping companies considered as the main customers of port. From the results of conjoint analysis, it is found that there are differences in preference between domestic shipping companies and foreign ones. The difference in port preference shows; foreign shipping companies mark Shanghai port in the first place in the preference of transshipment port, while domestic shipping companies prefer Busan port. Similar results are applied to preference of rolling port. The result of the survey means it is necessary to group shipping company, when port is analyzed, because the port preference is subject to wether internal or external shipping companies. Also, it implies target marketing strategies should continuously be needed in order to maintain Busan port's preference gaining advantage over other ports and major target would be shipping companies.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.10 s.116
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• pp.809-817
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• 2006

Shipping and ports have important roles as the nodes and links in maritime logistics. The environment between shipping and ports is interrelated and has been changing' together. Recently, the changes of shipping and ports are rapidly in progress and it is expected to be developed complementarily. Especially, mega carriers reduce the number of ports of calls because the size of ships is becoming bigger and bigger and the 'hub and spokes' strategy is appeared. Therefore, the position of a hub port by the region has questioned This paper aims to research the competitive ports by the region on the basis of the patterns when mega carriers call at ports. Six regions, Far East, Southeast Asia, Northwest America, Northeast America, West Europe and Mediterranean, are organized for this research. According to the volume of cargoes, the top five ports of each region are analyzed. As a result, the competitive ports by the region are Shanghai, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, New York New Jersey, Rotterdam and Gioia Tauro.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2012

The aim of this paper is to draw out the connection strategies between port and city functions. The case study was made on the port city of Incheon using Multidimensional Statistics(MDS) which groups 18 port cities targeted into two or more categories. The used factors inserted into the methodology were container cargo volumes, population, area of the city, number of liner calling, Relative Concentration Index(RCI). As results, Yokohama was identified as the best port city which can possibly give the meaningful guideline to Incheon port. The port-city is superior to that of Incheon in the area of port hinterland and varieties of business models. The port-city also has consistent policies on improvement of port and city functions.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.7-15
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• 1996

A berth assignment problem has a direct impact on assessment of charges made to ships and goods. A berth can be assigned to incoming vessels and operated in tow different ways: as a common user berth, as a preference berth. A common user berth is a berth that any ship calling at a port may be permitted to use according to her time of arrival and to priorities as determined by the port authority. In this paper, we concerned with various types of mathematical programming models for a berth assignment problem to achive an efficient berth operation. In this paper, we focus on a reasonable berth assignment programming in a public container terminal in consideration of trade-off between server and user. We propose a branch and bound algorithm & heuristic algorithm for solving the problem. We suggest three models of berth assignment to minimizing the objective functions such as total port time, total berthing time and maximum berthing time by using a revised Maximum Position Shift(MPS) with which the trade-off between servers and users can be considered. The berth assignment problem is formulated by min-max and 0-1 integer programming and developed heuristic algorithm to solve the problem more easily instead of branch and bound method. Finally, we gave the numerrical solutions of the illustrative examples.