• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.28
• /
• pp.167-191
• /
• 1995

The school library standards. a guideline encouraging the reasonable library administration for school education that began with early quantity in 1920, has been changed as an information power in 1988 after 7th revision. The school library is highlighted as a gear of education process and the center of education change. The major summary is as follows: First. the name of librarian has been changed from teacher's librarian to school library media specialist that executes as a leader for participating in plan. performance and development of instruction. Second. the type of material has been changed from book to electronic media. Also, the number of book per capital has been increased from 6-8(1920) to 23-28(1988) Finally, the function of school library has been changed from space service into proactive service which is playing the role of the heart of school education process based on information skill.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.3
• /
• pp.47-82
• /
• 1973

In this study, I have tried to examine the movable type font called 'Chwijinja' (聚珍字) as hitherto and the book printed in Chwijinia for the first time. In order to illustrate the orgin of it more clearly, I introduced Bubyeogru-jungsugi(浮碧樓重修記.) which has been believed the first printed edition of this book and also some other books printed in the same movable type font. By the way, I introduced some views of other bibliographers on Chwijinja. I refuted the views that Chwijinja is metal type and then I substantiated it is wooden type. I also presented three hypotheses on the formation of Chwijinja. I described the reason why we had better change the name of that printing type into 'Bang-Chwijin-pansig Pilseoche Wooden Type'(倣聚珍版式筆書木活字) on the basis of that its name is common noun. I also explained about 'Yeonmu Wooden Type'(燕貿木(唐)字, Wooden Type font imported from China) which is relevant to my description.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.445-451
• /
• 2021

Korean film director Lee Joon-ik's two most recently released works, (2018) and (2021), introduce some changes to the world of male bonds, where bromance colors prevailed. It is a father-son or pseudo father-son relationship that has not been dealt with in the exploration of vary kind of intimacy and relationships between men in the 'Lee Joon-ik's films'. If depicts a blood-related father-son relationship, highlights the teacher-disciple relationship, or pseudo father-son relationship. In that respect, the films continue, change, and expand the relationship setting, the sense of problems in the previous film, and inevitably raise the issue of 'generation' and 'inheritance' required today by illuminating the father-son relationship.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.175-178
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we describe about interactive electronic book utilizing tabletop display interface and digi-pet. Because of this system can define a lot of gestures using touch point of finger, help that user experiences electronic book effectively more than existent input device. Also, support 1 users in 1 input device in existent mode, but this system can expect various effect because support Multi-user. The digi-pet(digital pet) is physical tools that convey emotion between tabletop display platform and user. And this shows various results acting as assistance because becomes master of story of imagination and participate directly on talk and makes change of story. In this paper, we described about oriented electronic book system the future that combines tabletop display and Digi-pet. This system is expected that the usefulness is increased by leaps and bounds along with technology development forward.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.429-453
• /
• 2016

This study analyzes circulation patterns of books with checkout transaction count by 11 subject areas, 5 positions, and 5 divisions with a Use Factor developed by Bonn in an Academic Library. 20% of the loan books occupies more than half of circulation and these are regarded as core collection. It proposes a 'Loan books 20/50 rule' that 20% core collection accounts for 50% of its circulation. It analyzes the proportion of core collection from the aspect of each subject area with a use factor, monthly change trend and loan period. It also defines 'book usage' considering checkout frequency of each title and loan period. Circulation patterns of core collection are compared and analyzed in terms of both checkout frequency and book usage. Core collection occupies about more than half of both total checkout transactions and total book usages and they all show a Power Law distribution.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.251-276
• /
• 2013

This study was performed in order to examine the effects of one to one interactive picture book reading on infants' reading response and teachers' language teaching efficacy. A total of 50 2-year-olds from 8 child care centers in Incheon were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The interactive picture book reading activities were carried out once a week during 12 weeks. The infants in the experimental group read one-to-one with teachers, and their counterparts read the same book in a group. The change in teachers' language teaching efficacy was examined, and their subjective perception was evaluated through in-depth interview. As a result of this research, the infants in the experimental group showed significantly increased verbal response, compared to the control group, both in the total score and most sub-factors such as naming, responding, asking, demanding, spontaneous utterance, and decontextualized utterance. They also represented a significant rise, compared to the control group, in the total score of non-verbal response and factors like finger indicating, imitating, and accepting. Finally, the teachers who led the experimental group showed increased language teaching efficacy, and evaluated the effects of interactive picture book reading with infants very positively.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.21
• /
• pp.109-121
• /
• 1997

The poster in America was considered merely a means of advertising until the late 1880s, and was not thought to have any intrinsic value. During the 1890s, the poster in America came into its own as a medium of artistic expression, and it was recognized anew as an medium of advertising. The production and circulation of posters became active, and it won the popularity of poster collectors. But the American poster renaissance flourished for a few brief years in the 1890s. In this thesis, I paid attention that the art poster in America was mainly a product of the publishing trade, and that it's rise and fall was connected with the circumstances of the publishing business. In chapterII, I discussed the growth of publishing business and the phenomenon of poster craze, and tried to figure out the characteristic of American poster design in 1890s. The American poster boom was formally initiated in Spring 1893, when Edward Penfield published the first of his monthly designs advertising Harper's Magazine. Penfield created a native American tradition of realism in the series of Harper's posters, his figures are realistic though anonymous, and are drawn without distortion or grotesquery, and details are reduced to essentials but not eliminated. In chapterIII, I discussed the change in book cover design in the 1890s. The rapid evolution of book and magazine covers was largely a reaction to the poster craze. Most magazines were issued with the same standard covers month after month at that time. In 1894, when William Bradley was asked to design a standard cover for the Inland Printer, he convinced the publishers to change the cover with every issue instead of designing one permanent cover. With the poster craze at its height, posters became big business, but still they were not very successful as advertisements. Because collectors of the 1890s were more interested in acquiring posters than in buying books. Significantly, this was also the moment when poster like designs began to appear on the covers of books and mass magazines. Publishers took notice of an idea. If the eye-catching design was on the cover itself rather than on a separate poster, the customer who wished to acquire the design would be obliged to buy the magazine. So there was no distinction stylistically between the posters of the 1890s and the magazine covers of the early 1900s. At the same time, the artistic poster was beginning to decline. While the most typical advertisements of the 1890s were the book and magazine posters of Bradley and Penfield, after 1900 advertisements for manufacturers' products played an increasingly prominent role. They would never again assume the leading role that they had played in the 1890s.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.509-517
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: Problems currently occurred in the environment are caused by a lack of environmental awareness of the community. Biology students learn the environment in ecological learning. Students must explore environmental knowledge (EK) and are expected to have high environmental awareness (EA) and then apply their knowledge in daily life with pro-environmental behavior (PEB). There is a need for designing climate-change book serials for university students (CCBS-US) towards contextualized learning. This study aimed to determine the relationship between EK and EA and the PEB of biology students as a baseline for designing CCBS-US. Methods: The study used a quantitative descriptive method with a correlational design. Total 136 biology students from a state university in Jakarta, Indonesia served as samples of the study. Results: Research results revealed a positive relationship between EK and PEB of biology students. There was a positive relationship between EA and PEB of biology students and between EK and EA and PEB of Biology students. Moreover, 77% of students reported their EK is very high, 55% of students reported their EA is medium, and 46% of students reported their PEB is medium. Ecological learning has a vital role in shaping the EK, EA, and PEB, thus CCBS-US needs to be developed. Conclusion: The study concluded that there was a relationship between EK, EA, and PEB. The study recommends the development of CCBS-US based on the survey results.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.63-146
• /
• 2002

Huh-Im(許任, 1570~1647) was an acupuncture doctor of Chosun(朝鮮) era through the late 16th century and early 17th century. Even though he was a person of low birth, he participated in the loyal medication through three loyal generations, Sunjo(宣祖), Kwanghaegun(光海君) and Injo(仁祖). He was recognized of his services and became an official, 'Dangsanggwan'(堂上官) and Kyunggi(京畿) district official several times. In the early Chosun era, acupuncture medicine was focused. During the late 16th century, Imjin(壬辰) war aroused more needs about acupuncture medicine, and acupuncture doctors showed remarkable work. Under these circumstances, Huh-Im(許任)'s fame spread throughout the country. Huh-Im(許任) wrote ChimGuKyungHumBang("鍼灸經驗方") in 1644 based on his lifetime clinical acupuncture & moxibustion experience. It was the first specialized book of acupuncture in Chosun era. This event took place 30 years after DongEuiBoGam - Acupuncture Chapter("東醫寶鑑-鍼灸篇") was published. But it was not influenced much by DongEuiBoGam - Acupuncture Chapter("東醫寶 鑑-鍼灸篇") in the form or contents. ChimGuKyungHumBang("鍼灸經驗方") and Huh-Jun(許浚)'s DongEuiBo- Gam - Acupuncture Chapter("東醫寶鑑-鍼灸篇") were the fruits of the middle Chosun, and they are complementary to each other in theory and practice. The chief distinctions of ChimGuKyungHumBang("鍼灸經驗方") are in it's compact and practical edition and a lot of his clinical acupuncture prescriptions mentioned in the book. Huh-Im(許任) not only accepted the existing books such as NaeKyung("內經"), DongInSuHyulChimGuDoKyung and Shin- Eung Kyung("神應經") with his point of view and clinical experience, but also showed creative operation of studies. Indicating incorrect acupuncture points(訛穴), acupuncture remedy based on the visceral pathogenesis(臟腑病機) and the channel pathogenesis, research on new acupuncture points, sorting out plenty of outer meridian acupuncture points(經外奇穴), creating supplementary and purging acupuncture method(鍼補瀉法) which is a change of hand treatment of KiHyoYangBang("奇效良方"), operating variety of acupuncture and moxibustion treatments, and application of acupuncture treatments on surgery field such as intumescences and emergency cases are the examples. Huh-Im(許任)'s ChimGuKyungHumBang("鍼灸經驗方") influenced on the folk remedy books(民間經驗方書) in the late Chosun era. Compact and practical characteristics of the book let acupuncture treatment be freindly to the people. It can be confirmed in JeungBoSanRimKyungJe-Emergency Chapter("增補山林經濟-救急篇") or the formation of SaAmChimBob(舍巖鍼法). ChimGuKyungHumBang("鍼灸經驗方") was introduced to Japan in 18th century and published twice. ChimGuJibSung("鍼灸集成"), known as an acupuncture medical book of late Qing dynasty(淸末, 1874), is confirmed to be an plagiarization of DongEuiBoGam-Acupuncture Chapter("東醫寶鑑-鍼灸篇") and ChimGuKyungHum- Bang("鍼灸經驗方") of 17th century Chosun. Confusions and errors arouse from mistaken editional trend of ChimGuJIbSung("鍼灸集成") which had not disclosed it's original author and the title of the book must be reformed. In this way, fruits of acupuncture of the middle Chosun era including Huh-Im(許任)'s ChimGuKyungHumBang("鍼灸經驗方") will take a right place in acupuncture medicine history.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 2023

FIDIC White Book is a Model Services Agreement between the Client and the Consultant. This study aimed to derive the Key Risk Sub-Clauses out of 63 Sub-Clauses of General Conditions of the FIDIC White Book by using the Delphi technique. A panel of 40 experts with more than 10 years of experience and expertise in overseas construction services agreements and FIDIC White Book was formed, and the reliability was improved in the direction of increasing the consensus of experts through a total of three Delphi survey processes. In the first Delphi survey, a closed-type survey was conducted on the impact of risk among 63 Sub-Clauses of General Conditions on a Likert 5-point scale, and 26 main risk Sub-Clauses were derived. The Content Validity of the results of the first Delphi survey was verified with the CVR value. In the 2nd and 3rd Delphi surveys, a closed-type survey was conducted on a Likert 10-point scale for 26 main risk Sub-Clauses and the risk possibility and impact of each main risk Sub-Clause were evaluated. The reliability of the 3rd Delphi survey result was verified with the COV value. Total 14 Key Risk Sub-Clauses were derived by applying the average risk possibility and impact of each of the 26 main risk Sub-Clauses to the PI Risk Matrix. The results of deriving Key Risk Sub-Clauses showed that agreement on specific scope of service, delay management, and change management were the most important. As a result of this study, from a practical point of view, consultants of consulting companies provide guidelines that should be reviewed to minimize contractual risks when signing service contracts with clients. From an academic point of view, the direction of research on deriving key risks related to service contracts for consultants participating in overseas construction is presented.