• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.462-468
• /
• 2004

In order to evaluate adaptation to the environment in released fish, digestive organ and body composition were compared among 1-year old cultured (CUL), released (REL) and wild (WIL) Black Sea Bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) of the REL was significantly lower than those of the CUL and WIL fish, but intestine weight index (IWI) of REL was significantly higher than those of the CUL and WIL fish. There were no significant differences in stomach weight index (SWI) and condition facto. (CF) among those different fish groups. The number of pyloric caeca of the REL and WIL fish were 4, but the $30{\%}$ of CUL fish was 3 counts. The moisture content of whole body in the WIL fish was significantly higher than the CUL and REL fish, but significant lowest in the crude lipid of whole body. The content of moisture and crude protein of dorsal muscle were no significant differences among the CUL, REL and WIL fish, but crude lipid content of WIL fish was significantly lower than the CUL and REL fish. Moisture content of CUL fish in the liver was significantly lower than the REL and WIL fish, and crude lipid was significant lowest in the WIL fish. Amino acid content of dorsal muscle in the WIL fish was highest in the total amino acid, EAA and E/A ratio, and CUL fish was highest EAA and E/A ratio in liver. EPA content in dorsal muscle of WIL fish was lower than CUL and REL fish, and the REL fish was highest in DHA content of the fatty acid. EPA content in liver of WIL fish was lower than CUL and REL fish, and DHA content in REL and WIL fish was highest and lowest. Crude protein content of CUL and WIL fish in the scale was significantly higher than REL fish, but there were no significant differences in contents of crude lipid and ash. Ca and P of scale were formed most of mineral and content of P in CUL fish was significantly higher than those of REL and WIL fish. There were no significant differences in Mg, K, Na and S of scale, but CUL fish was significantly lower than REL fish in C1. The results suggest that difference of digestive organs and body composition concluded it from differences of inhabitation environment and feed formulations.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.53-66
• /
• 2017

More than 90% of cultured fish is consumed by sliced raw fish which is usually an eating out menu in South Korea. In order to develop the aquaculture industry in Korea, It is very important to know whether consumers can differentiate each species or not and how consumers recognize each species by certain criteria. for example taste, seasonal preference. The purpose of this study is to understand the competitive relationship through positioning studies of each species by the selection attributes. A total of 221 consumers were surveyed in korea. This study adapted multidimensional scaling(MDS) analysis to explore how consumers position sliced raw fish species based on selection attributes. This study has produced perceptual maps of sliced raw fish market. Empirical data was collected from sliced raw fish consumers in Korea. The results of MDS analysis reveal that 7 species are divided into 3 groups(flat fish, black rock fish), (red sea bream, salmon, tuna), (sea bass, gray mullet). In this study flat fish and black rock fish are perceived as safe, familiar, good value species. Red seabream, salmon, tuna are perceived as luxurious species. Sea bass and gray mullet are perceived as unfamiliar species.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.121-129
• /
• 2011

Aquatic animal raised in hatcheries play an important role in supplying seedling to stock enhancement and seed quality, especially, seed health is the key factor for survival in the field after release and for stocking effectiveness. We have inspected the hatchery-reared seeds of 33 marine species and 12 freshwater species for legally designated diseases in stock enhancement program in 2010. Results showed that abalone was the most abundant as 20.0% in the marine species group and then sea cucumber (15.6%), olive flounder (8.4%), rockfish (6.7%), black sea bream (6.3%) and swimming crab (6.1%) were followed. Crucian carp was the most abundant as 19.4%, and then eel (11.8%), Korean bullhead (10.9%), mandarin fish (10.8%), melanian snail (8.4%), catfish (7.7%) were followed in the freshwater species group. The total number of inspection cases for eight pathogens in this study were 2,105 and disqualification cases were 30 by detection of aquatic animals pathogens such as koi herpesvirus (KHV), red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.38 no.6
• /
• pp.359-364
• /
• 2005

The distributions of sanitary indicative bacteria and pathogenic bacteria in seawater and four species of farmed fishes, including oliver flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), black rock fish (Sebastes schlegeli), red sea bream (Pagrus major) and sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus), collected at fish farms located in the southern coastal area of Korea were investigated from May to October in 2004. The detection rates of fecal coliform and Entirococcus spp. of sanitary indicative bacteria in all samples were $38.9\%$ and $23.8\%$, respectively. The occurrence of fecal coliform was highest of $58.3\%$ in Busan, Geoje and Wando area, followed Yeosu $33.3\%$, Jeju $12.5\%$, Tongyeong $11.1\%$. The occurrence of Enterococcus spp. was highest In Wando area ($45.8\%$), followed by Yeosu ($33.3\%$), Tongyeong ($22.2\%$), Busan ($16.7\%$), Geoje and Jeju ($12.5\%$). The detection rate of fecal coliform was higher than that of Enterococcus spp., except in the Tongyeong area. There was no difference in the detection rate of fecal coliform from May to October, but the detection rate of Enterococcus spp. increased with seasonal warming seawater temperature. Among the pathogenic bacteria, the detection rate of Vibrio alginolyticus ($49.2\%$) in all samples was highest, followed by V. parahaemolyticus ($36.5\%$), Staphylococcus aureus ($6.3\%$), Salmonella sp. ($2.4\%$). However, V cholerae, V. vulnificus and Shigella sp. were not detected in all tested samples. The detection rates of V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus increased with seasonal warming seawater temperature from May to August.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.215-220
• /
• 2012

The source of human infection with intestinal flukes was surveyed in estuarine fishes, including the dotted gizzard shad, common sea bass, common blackish goby, redlip mullet, black sea bream, and oyster collected from Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea during August and September 2007. Collected fishes and oysters were artificially digested in pepsin-HCl solution and examined under a stereomicroscope. In 36 shads (Konosirus punctatus) and 20 basses (Lateolabrax japonicus) examined, Heterophyopsis continua metacercariae were found in 58.3% and 100%, and their average numbers were 12.0 and 6.3 per infected fish, respectively. In 34 gobies (Acanthogobius flavimanus) examined, metacercariae of H. continua were detected in 79.4%, Stictodora lari in 97.1%, and Acanthotrema felis in 92.1%, and their average numbers were 45.8, 189.3, and 235.3 per infected fish, respectively. In 37 redlip mullets (Chelon haematocheilus), Heterophyes nocens metacercariae were found in 56.8%, Pygidiopsis summa in 94.6%, and Stictodora fuscata in 45.9%, and the average metacercarial densities were 17.4, 31.3, and 35.1 per infected fish, respectively. In 30 black sea breams (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) and 45 oysters (Crassostrea gigas) examined, no metacercariae were detected. From the above results, it has been confirmed that the dotted gizzard shad, common sea bass, common blackish goby, and redlip mullet from Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea are infected with the metacercariae of heterophyid flukes.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 2000

Differentiation and development of the digestive organ of the black sea bream, AcanHepagus schlegeli were studied by means of histological methods. The hatched lawn if TL(total length) $2.0 mm (n=10)$ had a yolk sac of $1,000{\times}590 {\mu}m$ and simple straight digestive tract, which was composed of cuboidal epithelium. In the pre-larval stage of TL $3.5 mm$, digestive tract could be distinguished into esophagus, stomach and intestine, and the exocrine glands were appeared in the pancreas. In this stage mucosal folds, eosinophilic granule cells and brush border were observed in the posterior intestine. Yolky materials were completely absorbed and the brush border was recognized in the free surface of anterior intestine in TL $3.7 mm$. In the stomach mucosal folds began to appear from TL $4.0 mm$. In this time the zymogen granules were recognized in the cytoplasm of pancreatic exocrine cells. In the post-larval stage ranged from $4.5 to 5.0 mm$ in TL, hepatic cords started to develop, and the mucous secretory cells of PAS positivewere observed at esophagus and intestine. In the post-larval stage ranged from $6.3 to 7.0 mm$ in TL, histological layer of esophagus and intestine could be distinguished into serous membrane, muscular layer, submucosal layer and mucosal layer. From over TL $9.0 mm$, stomach could be distinguished into cardiac, fundic and pyloric portion, and the gastric gland began to appear at mucosal fold of fundic stomach. In the juvenile stage ranged from $10.0 to 11.0 mm$ in TL, histological structures of esophagus and intestine were similar to those of adult. From over TL $15.0 mm$, histological structures of stomach were similar to those of adult. Structural and functional digestive organ of black sea bream was present from the juvenile stage ranged from $15.0 to 17.0 mm$ in TL.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.44 no.5
• /
• pp.550-553
• /
• 2011

The proximate, fatty acid and total amino acid compositions of striped jewfish Stereolepis doederleini muscle were studied. The proximate composition was: 76.4% moisture, 19.4% protein, 2.92% lipid, and 1.19% ash. The predominant total lipid fatty acids were 16:0 (18.7%), 18:1n-9 (16.5%), 22:6n-3 (16.0%), 16:1n-7 (8.53%), 20:5n-3 (7.97%) and 18:0 (5.34%). Glutamic acid (17.4%), lysine (10.6%), aspartic acid (10.4%) and leucine (8.27%) were the predominant amino acids in striped jewfish muscle. These food components of striped jewfish were similar to those of costal and reef dwelling fishes such as black rockfish, black sea bream and rock trout, which are common sliced raw fish in Korea. Therefore, these results suggest that striped jewfish may represent a new aquaculture fish species.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.133-146
• /
• 2005

A bacteriological survey in maricultured fish farms was conducted in Korea from 2002 to 2004. A total number of 166 Vibrio isolates were collected from diseased fishes, including olive flounder (133 isolates), black rock fish (8 isolates), red sea bream (6 isolates), shrimp (5 isolates), black sea bream (4 isolates), abalone (3 isolates) and other fishes (7 isolates). All isolates were phenotypically characterized and then groups were obtained using the traditional biochemical test. Representative isolates of each group were genotypically characterized with sequencing the 16S rRNA genes or 16S-23S intergenic space genes. Above 14 species of Vibrio were identified as V. ichthyoenteri (45 strains), V. alginolyticus (34 strains), V. harveyi (32 strains), Ph. damselae subsp. damselae (Formerly V. damsela, 10 strains), V. campbellii (6 strains), V. costicola-like (6 strains), V. fisheri (5 stains), V. fluvialis (4 strains) and others Vibrio sp. (24 strains) by combining of biochemial and genetic characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.642-648
• /
• 1999

The digestive tract of the black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli is composed of esophagus, stomach, intestine, anus and four or five pyloric caeca. Pyloric caecum is a blind sac in shape and originated from pyloric portion of the stomach. Relative length of But (RLG), that is length of digestive tract to standard length, is 1.04 (n=10). Histological layer of the digestive tract is composed of serous membrane, muscular layer, undeveloped submucosal layer and mucosal layer. The mucosal folds of the esophagus are regular branched form, Esophageal muscularis mucosae is well-developed. Mucosal epithelial layer is composed of cuboidal or columnar epithelium and mucous secretory cell. Microvilli are absent in the free surface of mucosal epithelium. The mucosal folds of the stomach are regular unbranched form. The stomach has a well-developed muscular layer and muscularis mucosae. Microvilli are present in the free surface of mucosal surface epithelium. The fundic portion of the stomach have a well-developed gastric gland and more numerous secretory granules than the other parts. The mucosal folds of the pyloric caeca and the intestine are irregular branched form, Intestine is divided into the anterior, mid and posterior intestines with length of mucosal folds and histological features, Posterior intestine has a more developed striated border and goblet cells than the other parts. Mid intestine has a more abundant absorptive cells than the other parts in the intestine and pyloric caeca.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.322-328
• /
• 2009

Three-hundred and sixteen Escherichia coli strains from seawater, and a variety of farmed fishes, including oliver flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), black rock fish (Sebastes schlegeli), red sea bream (Pagrus major) and sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) between May to October in 2004, were tested by agar dilution method to determine their susceptibility patterns to 17 antimicrobial agents. Overall, 92.1% of Escherichia coli isolates from samples showed antimicrobial resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent and the multiple resistance was seen in 173 isolates (54.7%). The resistance of E. coli isolates to tetracycline (74.1%) was highest, followed by cephalothin (69.9%), doxycycline (66.5%), streptomycin (47.2%), ampicillin (46.2%), cefazolin (31.6%), enrofloxacin (31.0%). norfloxacin (28.2%). The most frequent resistance pattern was TE-D-CF-CIP-ENO-NOR-AM-S-C-SXT-AmC-CZ (14.7%), followed by CF (6.2%), TE (5.1%), TE-CF (4.5%) in 177 isolates from fishes and TE-D-CF (7.2%) followed by TE-D-CF-S (5.8%), CF and TE-D-S (3.6%) in 139 isolates from seawater.