• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.27-36
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• 2014

We investigated a method to improve antioxidant activities of colored potato extracts by ultra high pressure extraction process. The colored potato was extracted by water at $60^{\circ}C$(WE) and 300 MPa for 15 min (High Pressure Extraction, $HPE_{15}$) and 30 min (High Pressure Extraction, $HPE_{30}$). The extractions yielded by different extraction processes were 1.73(WE), 2.10($HPE_{15}$), and 2.41($HPE_{30}$)%. Total phenolic acid contents of different extraction processes were estimated as 48.21(WE), 50.20($HPE_{15}$) and 51.34($HPE_{30}$) GAL mg/g, respectively. The flavonoids contents of different extraction processes were measured as 13.12(WE), 14.35($HPE_{15}$) and 15.17($HPE_{30}$) RE mg/g, respectively. Generally, for the contents of phenolic acid and flavonoids, the samples from HPE were higher than those from conventional extraction process. $HPE_{30}$ showed 76.21% of DPPH radical scavenging activity (EDA, %) in 1,000 ug/mL. The reducing power of $HPE_{30}$ also showed the high activity as 0.42. In generally, antioxidant activities of colored potato were increased by high pressure extraction process. We could tell that the HPE extracts of colored potato had a higher antioxidant activity than those from conventional water extraction. The results of HPE showed obvious advantages in higher efficiency, shorter extraction time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.471-476
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• 2014

We developed a method for improving the antioxidant activities of blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) extracts through an ultra high-pressure extraction process. Blueberries were subjected to water extraction at $60^{\circ}C$ and 300 MPa for 5 min (High Pressure Extraction, HPE5) and 15 min (HPE15). Extraction yields obtained by ultra high-pressure extraction process were 18.48, and 19.89%, respectively. Total polyphenol contents were estimated to be 28.3, and 28.9 mg/g, whereas flavonoid contents were measured as 5.9 and 6.0 mg/g, respectively. Generally, HPE resulted in higher yields than the conventional extraction process. Further, HPE15 showed 53.84% DPPH radical scavenging activity (EDA, %) at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. Reducing power of HPE15 showed its highest activity of 0.21. In general, antioxidant activities of blueberry increased by HPE. Therefore, HPE of blueberry resulted in higher antioxidant activity than conventional water extraction. These results demonstrate obvious advantages in terms of higher efficiency, shorter extraction time, and lower energy costs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.907-913
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• 2012

Piceatannol (trans-3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxystilbene) is a polyphenol detected in grapes, rhubarb, and sugarcane. Although recent experimental data revealed that this compound is known to exhibit immunosuppressive and antitumorigenic activities in several cell lines, the molecular mechanisms underlying anticancer activity are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated possible further mechanisms by which piceatannol exerts its anti-proliferative action in cultured human gastric cancer AGS cells. Piceatannol treatment resulted in the inhibition of growth and G1 arrest of the cell cycle in a concentration-dependent manner, as determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis. The induction of G1 arrest by piceatannol was associated with the modulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and cyclins, up-regulation of the expression of Cdk inhibitor p21 (WAF1/CIP1) in both transcriptional and translational levels, and the inhibition of phosphorylation of retinoblastoma proteins and E2F1 expression. In addition, piceatannol treatment caused a progressive decrease in the expression levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 without significant changes in the levels of COX-1, which was correlated with a decrease in prostaglandin $E_2$ synthesis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.1000-1002
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• 2012

The material with superior biocompatibility and physical-chemical stability is required to fabricate high sensitive biosensors. Many kinds of biomaterials have been evaluated to apply for bioindustry. Recently, carbon based diamond and graphene thin films have been focal pointed as bio applications and their possibility is partially evaluated. Diamond thin film has many advantages for electrochemical and biological applications, such as wide potential window (3.0~3.5V), low background current and chemical-physical stability. And graphene film has many advantages as biomaterial, chemical-physical stability and conductivity. In this work, we have cultured human nerve cell (SH-SY5Y) on the nanocrystalline diamond, mirocrystalline diamond, graphene film and cell culture dish. We use MTT assay to evaluate the characteristics of cell culture on the substrates. As a result, nerve cell is well cultured on the carbon based diamond and graphene films as similar as cell culture dish. We expect that carbon materials have been applied for bioindustry such as biosensors.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.334-340
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• 2004

This study was initially performed to obtain fundamental data on lichen distribution depending on environmental condiLichens distributed on coastal rocks atleast 20 m far away from the coast were also investigated. Analyof morphological characteristics and rDNA ITS clones revealed that lichens containing 9 families and 15 genera were distributed in coastal rocks of V-do, while lichens containing 10 families and 14 genera were in field rocks, demonstrating little difference of diversity between both sites. Foliose lichens such as PhaeophysPhyscia, Pyxine belonging to the family Physciaceae were representatives distributed in coastal rocks of V-do, along with Xanthoparmelia belonging to Parmeliaceae, fruticose lichens such as Ramalina to Ramaliand crustose lichen Lecanora to Lecanoraceae. In contrast, foliose lichen Cladonia belonging to the family Cladoniaceae, fruitcose lichen Stereocaulon to Streocaulaceae, and crustose lichen Porpidia to Porpidwere found only on the surface of field rocks. Crustose lichens containing genera Caloplaca, CanDirinaria, Graphis, Rhizocarpon, and Pertusaria were rarely distributed in coastal rocks, and most of them were also found in field rocks.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.4 s.143
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• pp.318-323
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• 2005

The leaves (KPL) of Kalopanax pictus (KP) are used as a vegetable or a functional food in Korean society. The stem bark (Kalopanacis Cortex, KPS) has been traditionally used to treat neurotic pain, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetic disease. This research was undertaken to demonstrate that the leaf extract of KP (KPL) has also the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects like the extract (KPS) of Kalopanacis Cortex and to compare the activity levels of several extracts obtained from KP. Antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects were measured against the extracts described as followings; KPL-1 (the MeOH extract obtained from the leaf shoot of KP collected on May), KPL-2 (the MeOH extract from KP collected on June), KPL-3 (the MeOH ectract from KP with no thorns), KPS-1 (MeOH extract from KPS of a Korean habitat), KPS-2 (MeOH extract from KPS of a Chinese habitat). The antimociceptive test undertaken by acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate-, and tail-flick methods using mice. The anti-inflammatory test was also undertaken by measuring the edema in the carrageenan-induced test. The order of activity potency in the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory assays was commonly shown as followings: KPL-3>KPS>1>KPS-2>KPL-1>KPL-2. This order was also observed in acetic acid-induced vascular permeability test. The antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced assay was also observed as the following order: KPL-3>KPS- 1>PS-2>KPL-1>KPL-2. In addition, adjuvant-induced rats were used for a model to assess the oxidative stress. Treatment of the rat with the extracts reduced serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), hydroxy radical(OH) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity caused by FCA together together with the inhibition of hepatic TBARS level and lipofuscin content. The above finding suggests that the leaf extract has the antinociceptive and antinflammatory activity. It is also suggested that KPL-3 with more potent activity than other tested extracts could be developed for a new available biomaterial.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2011

The periosteum contains multipotent cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Cultured periosteum-derived cells (PDCs) have an osteogenic capacity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interaction of PDCs with bone graft biomaterial. After cell isolation from the calvarial periosteum of Sprague-Dawley rats, cultured PDCs were placed in critical-sized calvarial defects with beta-tricalcium phosphate (${\beta}$-TCP). All rats were sacrificed 8 weeks after bone graft surgery, and the bone regenerative ability of bone grafting sides was evaluated by plain radiography, micro-computed tomography (CT), and histological examination. PDCs grafted with ${\beta}$-TCP displayed enhanced calcification in the defect site, density of regenerated bone and new bone formation within the defect and its boundaries. Furthermore, these PDCs more efficiently regenerated new bone as compared to grafted ${\beta}$-TCP only. The results suggest that cultured PDCs have the potential to promote osteogenesis in bone defects.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.305-313
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• 2006

The primary goal of the wound healing is rapid wound closure. Recent advances in cellular and molecular biology have greatly expanded our understanding of the biologic processes involved in wound repair and tissue regeneration. This study was conducted to develop a new sponge type of biomaterial to be used for either wound dressing or scaffold for tissue engineering. We designed to make a comparative study of the wound healing effect of silk fibroin/hyaluronic acid (SF/HA) blend sponge in full-thickness dermal injury model of rat. Two full-thickness excisions were made on the back of the experimental animals. The excised wound was covered with either the silk fibroin (SF), hyaluronic acid (HA) or SF/HA (7 : 3 or 5 : 5 ratio) blend sponge. On the postoperative days of 3, 7, 10 and 14, the wound area was calculated by image analysis software. Simultaneously, the tissues were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson's trichrome methods to measure the area of regenerated epithelium and collagen deposition. In addition, we evaluated the degree of the epithelial cell proliferation using immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). We found that the half healing time ($HT_{50}$) of SF/HA blend sponge treated groups were significantly decreased as compared with either those of SF or HA treatment group. Furthermore, SF/HA blend sponges significantly increased the size of epithelialization and collagen deposition as well as the number of PCNA positive cells on epidermal basement membrane as compared with those of control treatment. Especially, the 5 : 5 ratio group of SF/HA among all treatment groups was most effective on wound healing rate and histological studies. These results suggest that SF/HA blend sponges could accelerate the wound healing process through the increase of epithelialization, collagen deposition and basal cell proliferation in full thickness skin injury.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2007

The building materials used for improving indoor air quality, the wood charcoal mixed with cement mortar or natural water paint were examined for their potential removing ability of formaldehyde. After the reaction of samples with formaldehyde in the glass flasks designed in our lab, the remaining formaldehyde was collected using DNPH (2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine) cartridges, and their concentration was determined using HPLC. From the results, it was found that the removing amount of formaldehyde per one gram sample containing 5, 10, or 15% of wood charcoal was more than three times compared to that of control (100% cement mortar or water paint). Their elimination percentages from the initial formaldehyde was about 80~90%. The experimental results for wood charcoal-water paint showed a similar trend with those of wood charcoal-cement mortar samples. Their elimination percentages from the initial formaldehyde was about 90%. It is proposed that formaldehyde is adsorbed on the adsorbed 'O' or 'OH' groups in the graphene layers formed through the re-arrangement of lignocellulose in the wood during the carbonization procedure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.371-377
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• 2014

In tissue engineering, a scaffold is a three-dimensional(3D) structure that serves as a template for regeneration the functions of damaged tissues or organs. Among materials for scaffolds, polycaprolactone(PCL) and ${\beta}$-tricalcium phosphate(${\beta}$-TCP) are biodegradable and biocompatible. In this study, we fabricated 3D PCL, blended PCL (60 wt %)/${\beta}$-TCP (40 wt %), and pure ${\beta}$-TCP scaffolds by a multi-head scaffold fabrication system. Scaffolds with a pore size of $600{\pm}20{\mu}m$ was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The effects of 3D PCL, blended PCL (60 wt %)/${\beta}$-TCP (40 wt %) and pure ${\beta}$-TCP scaffolds were analyzed by evaluating their mechanical characteristics. In addition, in an in-vitro study using osteoblast-like saos-2 cells, we confirmed the effects of 3D scaffolds on cellular behaviors such as cell adhesion and proliferation. In summary, the 3D blended PCL (60 wt %)/${\beta}$-TCP (40 wt %) scaffold was found to be suitable for human cancellous bone in terms of its the compressive strength, biocompatibility, and osteoconductivity. Thus, blending PCL and ${\beta}$-TCP could be a promising approach for fabricating 3D scaffolds for effective bone regeneration.