• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 2016

KOMPSAT-3A (KOrea Multi-Purpose SATellite-3A) was launched in March 25 2015 with specification of 0.5 meters resolution panchromatic and four 2.2 meters resolution multi spectral sensors in 12km swath width at nadir. To better understand KOMPSAT-3A positional accuracy, this paper reports a test result on the accuracy of recently released KOMPSAT-3A beta test images. A number of ground points were acquired from 1:1,000 digital topographic maps over the target area for the accuracy validation. First, the original RPCs (Rational Polynomial Coefficients) were validated without any GCPs (Ground Control Points). Then we continued the test by modeling the errors in the image space using shift-only, shift and drift, and the affine model. Ground restitution accuracy was also analyzed even though the across track image pairs do not have optimal convergence angle. The experimental results showed that the shift and drift-based RPCs correction was optimal showing comparable accuracy of less than 1.5 pixels with less GCPs compared to the affine model.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.134-141
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze physiological changes via a cold air reaction experiment to generate basic data that are useful for the development of an automobile active air conditioning system to prevent drowsiness. The $CO_2$ concentration causing drowsiness in vehicle operation was kept below a certain level. Air was blown to the driver's face by using an indoor air cooling apparatus. Sleepiness and the arousal state of the driver in cold wind were measured by physiological signals. It was evident in the EEG that alpha waves decreased and beta waves increased, caused by cold air stimulation. The ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ ratio was reduced by about 52.9% and an alert state confirmed. In the electrocardiogram analysis, the efficiency of cold air stimulation was confirmed by the mean heart rate interval change. The R-R interval had a delay time of about one minute compared to the EEG response. The findings confirmed an arousal effect from sleepiness due to cold air stimulation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.301-308
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• 2016

Writing high-quality papers and publishing them at prestigious academic journals would be something that every scholar strives for. This study made a network with nine academic journals in South Korea in the field of public administration and public policy and analyzed the influence of academic journals through social network analysis. Using centrality measures, such as degree centrality, beta centrality, and eigenvector centrality, this study found that Korean Public Administration Review has the highest influence on the journal network, followed by Korean Public Studies Review. However, different choice of centrality measure led to different ranking of journals in terms of their influence.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.174-178
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• 2017

The reactions of thermal hydrogen atoms H(g) with the Ge(100) surface were examined with temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) mass spectrometry. Concomitant $H_2$ and $CH_4$ TPD spectra taken from the H(g)-irradiated Ge(100) surface were distinctly different for low and high H(g) doses/substrate temperatures. Reactions suggested by our data are: (1) adsorbed mono(${\beta}_1$)-/di-hydride(${\beta}_2$)-H(a) formation; (2) H(a)-by-H(g) abstraction; (3) $GeH_3$(a)-by-H(g) abstraction (Ge etching); and (4) hydrogenated amorphous germanium a-Ge:H formation. While all these reactions occur, albeit at higher temperatures, also on Si(100), H(g) absorption by Ge(100) was not detected. This is in contrast to Si(100) which absorbed H(g) readily once the surface roughened on the atomic scale. While this result is rather against expectation from its weaker and longer Ge-Ge bond as well as a larger lattice constant, we attribute the absence of direct H(g) absorption to insufficient atomic-scale surface roughening and to highly efficient subsurface hydrogenation at moderate (>300 K) and low (${\leq}300K$) temperatures, respectively.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.57-62
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• 2015

This study intended to verify the importance and effectiveness of youth economic education by examining how perception towards youth economic education affects creativity, sociability and leadership in an age of convergence. As a result of the online survey, perception towards the importance of youth economic education affirmatively affected creativity and the perception towards effectiveness of youth economic education affirmatively affected creativity, sociability and leadership. Moreover, creativity, sociability, and leadership were higher when interest in economic education was high. This study showed that affirmative perception and interest towards youth economic education are effective in developing creativity, sociability and leadership.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.374-380
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• 2014

In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of Lespedeza cuneata extract on macrophages and wound-healing in wound-induced animal experiments were investigated. In an anti-inflammatory test, 0.1 mg/mL of Lespedeza cuneata extract did not affect growth of RAW 264.7 cells, and Lespedeza cuneata extract suppressed nitric oxide (NO) generation from inflammation-induced macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. Wounds on the skin of rats were treated with vehicle containing Lespedeza cuneata extract (SSP), vehicle (SCO), and commercial ointment (CCO). The wound and scar sizes in the SSP group were significantly reduced in comparison to the SCO and CCO groups (P<0.05). The epidermis and dermis of the SSP group also recovered faster than the SCO group based on Masson's trichrome staining. The gene expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) decreased and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-${\beta}1$) increased in wound tissue from the SSP group compared to that from the SCO group. These results show that Lespedeza cuneata extract accelerates wound-healing through anti-inflammatory activity and induction of collagen regeneration as well as reduces the scar area surrounding wounds. Accordingly, Lespedeza cuneata extract could be useful as a cosmeceutical in the cosmetic industry.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to isolate a new marine agarase-producing bacterium. Agarase can hydrolyze agar and agarose to produce agarooligosaccharides or neoagarooligosaccharides, which possess many physiological functions. Strain DH-3 was isolated from seawater collected from the coast of Yeosu at Jeollanam province, Korea. A 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed this strain to be Persicobacter sp. DH-3. Extracellular agarase was prepared from culture media of Persicobacter sp. DH-3 and used for characterization. Relative activities at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and $70^{\circ}C$ were 50, 55, 70, 100, 90, and 50%, respectively. Relative activities at pH 5, 6, 7, and 8 were 75, 100, 90, and 75%, respectively. The enzyme showed maximum activity at $50^{\circ}C$ in a 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer at pH 6. This enzyme could be useful, as agar is in liquid state at $50^{\circ}C$. Agarase activities were maintained at 80% or more for 2 hr at 20, 30, and $40^{\circ}C$. Thin layer chromatography analysis suggested that Persicobacter sp. DH-3 produced extracellular ${\beta}$-agarases as it hydrolyzed agarose to produce neoagarohexaose and neoagarotetraose. In addition, zymogram analysis confirmed that Persicobacter sp. DH-3 produces at least three agar-degrading enzymes with molecular weights of 45, 70, and 140 kDa. Therefore, it is expected that agarases from Persicobacter sp. DH-3 could be used to produce functional neoagarooligosaccharides.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.1_2
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• pp.13-30
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• 2010

Let C be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space H. Consider the following iterative algorithm given by $x_0\;{\in}\;C$ arbitrarily chosen, $x_{n+1}\;=\;{\alpha}_n{\gamma}f(W_nx_n)+{\beta}_nx_n+((1-{\beta}_n)I-{\alpha}_nA)W_nP_C(I-s_nB)x_n$, ${\forall}_n\;{\geq}\;0$, where $\gamma$ > 0, B : C $\rightarrow$ H is a $\beta$-inverse-strongly monotone mapping, f is a contraction of H into itself with a coefficient $\alpha$ (0 < $\alpha$ < 1), $P_C$ is a projection of H onto C, A is a strongly positive linear bounded operator on H and $W_n$ is the W-mapping generated by a finite family of nonexpansive mappings $T_1$, $T_2$, ${\ldots}$, $T_N$ and {$\lambda_{n,1}$}, {$\lambda_{n,2}$}, ${\ldots}$, {$\lambda_{n,N}$}. Nonexpansivity of each $T_i$ ensures the nonexpansivity of $W_n$. We prove that the sequence {$x_n$} generated by the above iterative algorithm converges strongly to a common fixed point $q\;{\in}\;F$ := $\bigcap^N_{i=1}F(T_i)\;\bigcap\;VI(C,\;B)$ which solves the variational inequality $\langle({\gamma}f\;-\;A)q,\;p\;-\;q{\rangle}\;{\leq}\;0$ for all $p\;{\in}\;F$. Using this result, we consider the problem of finding a common fixed point of a finite family of nonexpansive mappings and a strictly pseudocontractive mapping and the problem of finding a common element of the set of common fixed points of a finite family of nonexpansive mappings and the set of zeros of an inverse-strongly monotone mapping. The results obtained in this paper extend and improve the several recent results in this area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.15 no.4 s.65
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• pp.389-401
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to develop an algorithm, which can be designed the optimal sections of the composite framed structures constituted with the beams and the columns consisted of H type of steel section and concrete considering the reliability index. The optimized problem or the composite framed structures is formulated with the objective function and the constraints taking the section sizes as the design variables. The objective functions are constituted by the total costs of constructions. Also, the constraints are derived by considering the reliability index of section stress and allowable stress. The algorithm optimized the section of the composite framed structures utilizes the SUMT method using the modified Newton-Raphson direction method. The optimizing algorithm developed in this study is applied to the numerical examples with respecting a one-bay, one-story composite framed structure and a one-bay five-story one for the practical utilization of design on the composite framed structures using the reliability indices$({\beta})$ three and zero. In addition, their numerical results are compared and analyzed to examine the possibility of optimization the applicability, and the convergence this algorithm.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.415-423
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of multicultural competencies and influencing factors of multicultural competencies in nursing students. The participants of 181 subjects were recruited from three colleges in K and B. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one way-ANOVA and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results showed that cultural competence of nursing students was middle range. There was a significant positive correlation between cultural competence, empathy, and self-efficacy. The significant factors influencing cultural competence of nursing students were empathy, self-efficacy, and education of multiple cultural. These three factors explained 51% of the variance in multicultural competencies of nursing students. The study finding suggest that to develop the learning program with achievement level of multicultural competencies for nursing students.