• 약학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.724-729
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• 2001

Melanogenesis is a physiological process resulted in the synthesis of melanin pigments, which has a role in protecting skin front the damaging effect of ultra-violet (UV) radiation. The main aim of the present study was to examine the effect of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica(UL) on Melanogenesis. Cells were cultured in the presence of various concentrations of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica for 48 h, and there were estimated total melanin contents as a final product and activity of tyrosinase, a key enzyme, in Melanogenesis. Among the four solvent extracts tested, EtOAc extract mostly increased tyrosinase activity, And EtOAc extract increased the melanin contents and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Especially It was observed that 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml EtOAc extract promotes melanin secretion in B16/F10 melanoma cells by 140% at 48 h treatment and activity of tyrosinase increased by 180% in the presence of same concentration. In conclusion, as for EtOAc extract treatment, there was no effect on the viability of B16/F10 cell, only to stimulate Melanogenesis.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.116-116
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• 2019

Thalictrum rochebrunianum var. grandisepalum (TRG) is a Korean endemic plant, and it is widely used for edible, medicinal, landscape materials. In this study, we examined the protein and mRNA expression levels of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2 by TRG extract (TRGE) in IBMX-treated melanocytes to evaluate the possibility of using TRG as a whitening material. IBMX were reported as melanin synthesis enhancers. It could increase intracellular melanin synthesis by activation of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) signaling pathway. TRGE did not show cytotoxicity at concentrations below $100{\mu}g/ml$ in B16F10 cells. TREG dose-dependently inhibited protein and mRNA levels of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2. Therefore, we suggest that TRGE is an important natural resource for cosmetic raw materials for whitening function.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.547-553
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of branch extracts of Vaccinium oldhamii (VOB) on melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells. VOB promoted melanin production in absence or presence of ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (${\alpha}-MSH$) in B16F10 cells. However, VOB did not affect the expression of tyrosinase and TRP-1 associated with melanin synthesis at the mRNA and protein levels in B16F10. But, VOB decreased TRP-2 protein level and induced tyrosinase activation in B16F10 cells. Inhibition of tyrosinase activity and tyrosinase knockdown attenuated VOB-mediated melanin synthesis. In conclusion, VOB may stimulate melanin synthesis through activating tyrosinase activity.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권1호통권132호
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• pp.70-74
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• 2003

Cornis fructus has been traditionally used for treating allergy, asthma, hepatitis, and chronic nephritis. It major chemical constituents have been saponins, phenolic acids and loganin. The main aim of the present study was to examine the effect of methanol extract from Cornis fructus on melanogenesis. Cell were cultured in the presence of methanol extracts from Cornis fructus for 48 h, and there were estimated total melanin content as a final product and activity of tyrosinase, a key enzyme, in melanogenesis. Methanol extract from Cornis fructus increased the melanin content and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Particularly, it was observed that only methanol extract $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ stimulated the melanin secretion in B16/F10 melanoma cells by 152% at 48 h treatment and the activity of tyrosinase was increased by 261% in the presence of same concentration.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.252-258
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• 2016

Vitex trifolia L. has been used traditionally to treat various illnesses, such as inflammation, headache, migraine, and gastrointestinal infections. We analyzed and evaluated the composition of V. trifolia leaf oil. Based on the results, we isolated abietatriene from V. trifolia leaf oil and investigated the effect of V. trifolia leaf oil and its active compound abietatriene on melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. They significantly decreased melanin contents and melanogenic factors, such as tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and MITF dose-dependently in both protein and mRNA levels. Protein and mRNA expressions were determined by Western blot analysis and quantitative real time RT-PCR. Findings indicate that V. trifolia leaf oil and abietatriene reduce melanogenesis by regulating the expression of melanogenic factors. These results suggest that V. trifolia leaf oil and abietatriene could comprise a useful therapeutic agent for treating hyperpigmentation and used as effective skin-whitening agents.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2007

Clove extract by methanol increased expression of the tyrosinase gene on B16 mouse melanoma cells containing tyrosinase promoter. $10{\mu}g/mL$ and $100{\mu}g/mL$ of the extract showed expression rate of the tyrosinase gene about 138% and 245%, respectively, compared with control. At $500{\mu}g/mL$, expression rate of the extract was impossible to measurement by high cytotoxicity. The solvent fraction of methylene chloride also exhibited highly expression rate as methanol extract. However, the solvent fractions of butyl alcohol and water showed repressive effect on expression of tyrosinase gene at $500{\mu}g/mL$. In MTT assay, cell survival rate of the extract exhibited similar to expression rate of tyrosinase gene. That is, $10{\mu}g/mL$ and $100{\mu}g/mL$ of the extract showed the cell survival rate about 128% and 187%, respectively.

• 약학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pharbitidis seed extract (PE) on antioxidant enzymes. The cytotoxicities of PE were measured by 3- (4,5-dimethlthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; The change of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activity assay were measured. The SOD activities by PE-treated groups were lower than control group's one. In the co-treated with hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$) group, SOD activity was higher than $H_2O$$_2$ treated group's activity In the case of GPx, GPx activities were increased in both PE-treated and co-treated with $H_2O$$_2$ group. In the case of CAT $H_2O$$_2$ treated group's activityies were very increased. The CAT activities by PE-treated groups were lower than control group's one, but the activity of co-treated group with H $_2$O$_2$ was higher than that of control group's one. These results suggest that PE has antioxidant activity.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.70-82
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• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of Baickbujasan(BB) on the skin damage and depigmentation. Method : The inhibition of tyrosinase activity, melanogenesis and cell viability in cultured B16 melanoma cells were measured. In order to test effects of reduction of melanogenesis, B16 F-10 mouse melanoma stem line was employed to extract melanin from cultured cell, where BB was added or not, and was dissolved in alkali for colorimetric analysis. Also, in order to test skin alteration in C57BL/6 after UV irradiation, the animals were grouped into a UV urradiation group and UV irradiation after BB application group. Dopa oxidase tissue staining was excuted to invesitage the change in the distribution of active melanin cell. The distribution of active melanin cell in inner skin of iNOS after damage from UVB irradiation and the manifestation condition of P53 which takes part in natural death of keratinocyte were examined. Result : The results indicate that BB has significant effects on tyrosinase activity, and melanogenesis in vivo test. BB seems to reduce C57BL/6, external dermatological damage, for instance, erythematous papule, eczema, loss of keratinocyte, reduction in pus, and relieves dermatological damages. Conclusion : BB can be applied externally for UV protection and depigmentation.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.113-123
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• 2022

Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), a selective agonist for estrogen receptor β (ERβ), has been reported to regulate various hormonal responses through activation of ERβ in tissues including the mammary gland and brain. However, the effect of DPN on melanogenesis independent of ERβ has not been studied. The aim of this study is to examine the possibility of anti-melanogenic effect of DPN and its underlying mechanism. Melanin contents and cellular tyrosinase activity assay indicated that DPN inhibited melanin biosynthesis in alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cell line. However, DPN had no direct influence on in vitro tyrosinase catalytic activity. On the other hand, 17β-estradiol had no effect on inhibition of melanogenesis, suggesting that the DPN-mediated suppression of melanin production was not related with estrogen signaling pathway. Immunoblotting analysis showed that DPN down-regulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a central transcription factor of melanogenesis and its down-stream genes including tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2. Also, DPN attenuated the phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB). Additionally, DPN suppressed the melanin synthesis in UVB-irradiated HaCaT conditioned media culture system suggesting that DPN has potential as an anti-melanogenic activity in physiological conditions. Collectively, our data show that DPN inhibits melanogenesis via downregulation of PKA/CREB/MITF signaling pathway.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.704-712
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• 2022

Research on whitening materials using natural alternatives is actively being conducted. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro inhibitory effects of Ranunculus chinensis Bunge (RCB) on melanogenesis and associated enzymes, such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2 in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. We found that RCB extract significantly attenuated melanin synthesis and reduced the activity of intracellular tyrosinase, a rate-limiting melanogenic enzyme. Western blot analysis showed that RCB extract decreased the protein expression of tyrosinase and TRP-1. In addition, it significantly decreased the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a key regulator of melanogenesis. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation has been reported to be involved in the inhibition of melanogenesis. Thus, we investigated whether the hypopigmentary effects of RCB extract were related to the activation of ERK. RCB extract induced ERK phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, it markedly inhibited body pigmentation in a zebrafish model. Our results suggest that RCB extract inhibits melanogenesis by activating ERK pathway-mediated suppression of MITF and its downstream target genes, including tyrosinase. Therefore, RCB extract can be used as a whitening agent in the development of functional cosmetics.