• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.550-554
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• 2010

This work presents a fabrication procedure to make large-area, size-tunable, periodically different shape metal arrays using nanosphere lithography (NSL) combined with ashing and annealing. A polystyrene (PS, 580 ${\mu}m$) monolayer, which was used as a mask, was obtained with a mixed solution of PS in methanol by multi-step spin coating. The mask morphology was changed by oxygen RIE (Reactive Ion Etching) ashing and temperature processing by microwave heating. The Au or Pt deposition resulted in size tunable nano patterns with different morphologies such as hole and dots. These processes allow outstanding control of the size and morphology of the particles. Various sizes of hole patterns were obtained by reducing the size of the PS sphere through the ashing process, and by increasing the size of the PS sphere through annealing treatment, which resulted in tcontrolling the size of the metallic nanoparticles from 30 nm to 230 nm.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2018

Silicon has become of increasing importance as the basic element of many high-technology products. Its synthesis is very difficult requiring high temperature solid-state reactions (> $1000^{\circ}C$) or lower temperature methods ($100-200^{\circ}C$) involving hydrothermal and solvothermal reactions under extreme pH conditions. In nature, on the other hand, a wide range of living organisms have collectively evolved the means of biosilicification at the astounding rate of gigatons/year. This is impressive because biosilicification in these organisms occurs under mild physiological conditions. Marine sponges possess the ability to sequester soluble silicon sources from their environments and assemble them into intricate 3D architecture. The advent of molecular biology has recently made it possible to glean molecular information about biosilicification from these systems and it turned out that enzyme silicatein is the core of biosilicification. In this review, biosilicification regulated by silicatein and its mechanism are described. Also, production of silicatein through recombinant technology and several applications of recombinant silicatein are described including immobilization of silicatein, formation of Au or Ag nanoparticles on nanowires, nanolithography approaches, core-shell materials, encapsulation, bone replacement materials, and microstructured optical fibers.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is one of the most intensively investigated materials in materials science. Mostly, TiO₂ has been used in the form of nanoparticles, but recently new highly ordered TiO₂ nanotubes (U-tube) has been introduced and applied to various applications due to their one-dimensional charge path way. In the present paper, we described the formation process and physical properties of U-tube then, gave examples of applications in sequence. Firstly, in photocatalysis, U-tube was used with Au/Pt co-catalysts and showed enhanced photogenerated H₂ efficiency compared to bare TiO₂. Secondly, photoelectrochemical performance of U-tube was evaluated with different heat-treatment temperatures. As a further application, two different types of electrical cell (Ti-TiO₂-Pt and Ti-TiO₂-Pt_NP) was configurated to observe memristive behavior of U-tube. Both cells behaved as switching electrodes and follow a memristive movement in the high and low resistance state extremely well with high reproducibility.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제28권spc호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2022

수처리 후 직접 해양으로 배출하는 산업시설 등에서 Hazardous and Noxious Substance (HNS) 농도 변화를 연속 자동 측정하기 위한 센서의 기본적 성능으로 상온에서도 ppb 수준의 검출이 가능한 센서가 필요하다고 판단하여 기존의 센서의 감도를 높이기 위한 방법을 제안하였다. 우선 나노입자 박막에 전도성 탄소계 첨가물을 이용하여 필름의 전도도를 높이는 방법과 촉매 금속을 이용하여 표면에서의 이온 흡착도를 높이는 방법에 대해서 각각 연구하였다. 전도성 개선을 위해서 ITO 나노입자를 활용한 필름에 carbon black을 첨가물로 선택하여, 첨가물 함유량에 따른 센서의 성능변화를 관찰하였다. 그 결과 CB 함량 5 wt% 정도에서 전도성 증가에 의한 저항과 응답시간의 변화를 관찰할 수 있었고, 유기용제를 대상으로 한 실험에서 검출하한은 250 ppb 정도까지 낮아지는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 액체 중 이온 흡착도를 높이기 위하여 센서 표면에 촉매로 Au를 스퍼터로 제작한 표면 촉매층을 형성한 시료를 이용한 실험에서 센서의 응답은 20% 이상 증가하고 평균 검출하한은 61 ppm까지 낮아지는 것을 확인하였다. 이 결과로부터 금속산화물 나노입자를 활용한 화학저항형 센서가 상온에서도 수십 ppb 정도의 HNS를 검출할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2014

무효소 혈당센서는 높은 선택성과 민감성을 가지고 저비용으로 체내 혈당(glucose)을 검출할 수차세대 기술이다. 현재 시판되고 있는 혈당센서는 당을 산화시켜주는 당산화효소와 전극과 효소사이에 전자 전달을 원활하게 해주는 산화/환원 매개체를 이용하여 효소센서로 제작된다. 그러나 이러한 효소센서는 pH, 온도, 습도, 화학적 독성물질 등에 영향을 많이 받아 안정성이 떨어지고, 제작에 비용이 많이 드는 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문은 위와 같은 단점을 해결하고자 환원제인 당에 의하여 환원되는 니켈 나노입자를 전기화학적 흡착방법을 이용하여 산화 인듐 주석 전극 (ITO)에 고정시켰다. 고정된 니켈 나노입자는 전극의 표면적을 넓혀 신호를 증폭시키는 효과를 가지고 있으며, 당에 의하여 계속적으로 니켈이 환원됨에 따라 전극 반응에서는 촉매산화전류 반응으로 나타낸다. 당의 농도에 따라서 선형적으로 감응 할 수 있는 최적 조건의 니켈 나노입자를 이용하여 혈당센서를 제작하였다. 또한 체내에 존재하는 방해 인자인 아스코브산의 간섭을 억제하기 위해 음이온 고분자의 표면처리를 통하여 상대적으로 당에 선택적으로 감응하도록 하였다. 제작된 전극을 통하여 당 농도 별 산화 촉매 전류를 순환 전압 전류 법으로 측정한 결과 650 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl)에서 최대 전기적 신호가 발생되었으며, 포도당 0~6.15 mM 의 농도범위에서 전기적 신호가 선형 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.20.1-20.1
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• 2011

The nano-sized quantum structure has been an attractive candidate for investigations of the fundamental physical properties and potential applications of next-generation electronic devices. Metal nano-particles form deep quantum wells between control and tunnel oxides due to a difference in work functions. The charge storage capacity of nanoparticles has led to their use in the development of nano-floating gate memory (NFGM) devices. When compared with conventional floating gate memory devices, NFGM devices offer a number of advantages that have attracted a great deal of attention: a greater inherent scalability, better endurance, a faster write/erase speed, and more processes that are compatible with conventional silicon processes. To improve the performance of NFGM, metal nanocrystals such as Au, Ag, Ni Pt, and W have been proposed due to superior density, a strong coupling with the conduction channel, a wide range of work function selectivity, and a small energy perturbation. In the present study, bismuth metal nanocrystals were self-assembled within high-k $Bi_2Mg_{2/3}Nb_{4/3}O_7$ (BMN) films grown at room temperature in Ar ambient via radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The work function of the bismuth metal nanocrystals (4.34 eV) was important for nanocrystal-based nonvolatile memory (NVM) applications. If transparent NFGM devices can be integrated with transparent solar cells, non-volatile memory fields will open a new platform for flexible electron devices.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.1973-1978
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• 2014

Here, we present a facile method to synthesize Pt nanoparticles (NPs) and graphene composite materials (Pt/G) via vacuum filtration. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates were used to separate Pt/G composite and liquid phase. This method can be used to easily tune the mass ratio of Pt NPs and graphene. Pt NPs, graphene, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as building blocks were characterized by a variety of techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. We compared the electrocatalytic activities of Pt/G with Pt NP and CNT films (Pt/CNT) by cyclic voltammetry (CV), CO oxidation, and methanol oxidation. Pt/G was much more stable than pure Pt films. Also, Pt/G had better electrochemical activity, CO tolerance and methanol oxidation than Pt/CNT loaded with the same amount of Pt NPs due to the better dispersion of Pt NPs on graphene flakes without aggregation. We further synthesized Au@Pt disk/G and Pt nanorods/G to determine if our synthetic method can be applied to other NP shapes such as nanodisks and nanorods, for further electrocatalysis studies.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.300-306
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• 2010

소수성 고분자를 사용하여 제작한 마이크로구조에 금 나노입자를 마스크로 이용하는 반응성이온식각(RIE: Reactive Ion Etching)을 적용하여 초소수성을 갖는 마이크로-나노 혼성구조를 제작하였다. 소수성 고분자로는 PFPE (perfluoropolyether bisurethane methacrylate)를 사용하였으며 마이크로 단일구조는 PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) 몰드를 사용하는 스탬핑 방식으로 제작하였다. 다양한 형태로 제작한 PFPE 마이크로 단일구조와 마이크로-나노 혼성구조의 표면 접촉각을 측정하여 표면 미세구조에 따른 소수성의 변화를 관찰하였다. 마이크로 단일구조의 경우 접촉각은 안정적인 값을 보이지 못하였으나 단일 구조에 나노입자를 사용한 식각을 적용해 나노구조가 형성됨에 따라 $150^{\circ}$ 이상의 접촉각을 갖는 초소수성 표면이 매우 높은 재현성으로 용이하게 형성되었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.288-288
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• 2013

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is one of the most important rechargeable battery and portable energy storage for the electric digital devices. In particular, study about the higher energy capacity and longer cycle life is intensively studied because of applications in mobile electronics and electric vehicles. Generally, the LIB's capacity can be improved by replacing anode materials with high capacitance. The graphite, common anode materials, has a good cyclability but shows limitations of capacity (~374 mAh/g). On the contrary, silicon (Si) and germanium(Ge), which is same group elements, are promising candidate for high-performance LIB electrodes because it has a higher theoretical specific capacity. (Si:4200 mAh/g, Ge:1600 mAh/g) However, it is well known that Si volume change by 400% upon full lithiation (lithium insertion into Si), which result in a mechanical pulverization and poor capacity retention during cycling. Therefore, variety of nanostructure group IV elements, including nanoparticles, nanowires, and hollow nanospheres, can be promising solution about the critical issues associated with the large volume change. However, the fundamental research about correlation between the composition and structure for LIB anode is not studied yet. Herein, we successfully synthesized various structure of nanowire such as Si-Ge, Ge-Carbon and Si-graphene core-shell types and analyzed the properties of LIB. Nanowires (NWs) were grown on stainless steel substrates using Au catalyst via VLS (Vapor Liquid Solid) mechanism. And, core-shell NWs were grown by VS (Vapor-Solid) process on the surface of NWs. In order to characterize it, we used FE-SEM, HR-TEM, and Raman spectroscopy. We measured battery property of various nanostructures for checking the capacity and cyclability by cell-tester.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.276-276
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• 2010

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has been explored recently as a promising approach to increase energy conversion efficiency in photovoltaic devices, particularly for thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells. The LSPR is frequently excited via an electromagnetic (EM) radiation in proximate metallic nanostructures and its primary con sequences are selective photon extinction and local EM enhancement which gives rise to improved photogeneration of electron-hole (e-h) pairs, and consequently increases photocurrent. In this work, high-dielectric-constant (k) $ZrO_2$ (refractive index n=2.22, dielectric constant $\varepsilon=4.93$ at the wavelength of 550 nm) is proposed as spacing layer to enhance the LSPR for application to the thin film silicon solar cells. Compared to excitation of the LSPR using $SiO_2$ (n=1.46, $\varepsilon=2.13$ at the wavelength of 546.1 nm) spacing layer with Au nanoparticles of the radius of 45nm, that using $ZrO_2$ dielectric shows the advantages of(i) ~2.5 times greater polarizability, (ii) ~3.5 times larger scattering cross-section and ~1.5 times larger absorption cross-section, (iii) 4.5% higher transmission coefficient of the same thickness and (iv) 7.8% greater transmitted electric filed intensity at the same depth. All those results are calculated by Mie theory and Fresnel equations, and simulated by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations with proper boundary conditions. Red-shifting of the LSPR wavelength using high-k $ZrO_2$ dielectric is also observed according to location of the peak and this is consistent with the other's report. Finally, our experimental results show that variation of short-circuit current density ($J_{sc}$) of the LSPR enhanced a-Si:H solar cell by using the $ZrO_2$ spacing layer is 45.4% higher than that using the $SiO_2$ spacing layer, supporting our calculation and theory.