• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.133-145
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• 2014

Objectives In this study, we tried to examine that Sasang Constitutional differences affect the direction of the treatment of anger by comparing the effect of mindfulness meditation for anger scale in accordance with the difference of the constitution. Methods We analysed 105 college student's Constitution by Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II and the effect of mindfulness meditation for anger by State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory Korean version(STAXI-K), Korean Version of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire(K-BARQ). Volunteers who participated in this study were 105 people, except for person that did not properly entered the anger scale and Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II, the subjects of analysis for State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory Scale were 45 and for the Behavioral Anger Scale were 49. Results & Conclusions The result of the effects of mindfulness meditation according to Sasang Constitution was as follows. The tendency to try to disperse and avoid the anger was increased through meditation for all subjects. The diffusion of male subjects and the avoidance of female subjects was increased. The effect of meditation on anger did not differ according to Sasang Constitution, constitutional differences did not affect the effects of meditation. The tendency of avoidance of anger was increased in Soyangin, Anger-out was decreased and the tendency of avoidance and diffusion of anger were decreased in Taeeumin through meditation.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.53-69
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• 2024

Background: This study aims to examine the multiple-parallel mediation effects of depression, anxiety, and anger in the relationship between anger-out and interpersonal problems in men. In addition, the purpose of this study was provide a basis for supporting psychological services alongside therapeutic services as a way to increase the overall interpersonal relationship of men. Design: Survey. Methods: This study targeted 208 adult men aged 20 to 59 years. Participants were recruited through online cafe postings, and data were collected by running an online survey link. Based on the collected data, correlations between variables were investigated, and multiple parallel mediation analysis was performed using the model (Model 4) presented by SPSS PROCESS Macro. In addition, the significance of statistics was confirmed by applying the bootstrapping method, and the significance of the indirect effect was confirmed by the Sobel Z test. Results: First, Anger-out in men is related to interpersonal problems(β=.614, P<.001). Second, it can see that anger-out not only increases depression·anxiety, but also increases anger. Third, Anger-out has been shown to increase depression, anxiety, and anger, leading to increasing interpersonal problems. Anger-out had a significant effect on depression, anxiety(β=.324 P<.001), and anger(β=.551, P<.001), and depression, anxiety(β=.239, P<.001), and anger (β=.318, P<.01) had a significant effect on interpersonal relationship problems. Lastly, it can be seen that men's anger-out is experienced more as anger than depression or anxiety. Conclusion: When providing medical services to men, I believe that if externally expressed anger is addressed along with therapeutic treatment, invisible depression can also be intervened and a more positive prognosis can be expected

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.821-828
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine anger-expression patterns and their association with state and trait anger and physical and psychological health status in health care workers. Method: Four hundred and forty eight nurses, physicians and technicians from a large medical center completed standardized questionnaires of anger, anger-expression patterns and mood. They also had blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose and body mass index measured during their annual physical examinations. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square and ANOVA. Results: Subjects showed two major clusters of anger-expression patterns: anger-control and anger-in/out. Subjects with the anger-in/out pattern reported higher state and trait anger and more anxiety, depression and fatigue than subjects with the anger-control pattern. Physical health indicators, however, were not significantly different between the two clusters of anger-expression patterns. Conclusion: Anger-expression patterns are associated with psychological health status but not with physical health status. Anger-expression patterns, however, need to be examined over time to assess their long-term effects on the physical and psychological health status in future studies.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the trends of research on postpartum anger experienced by women after childbirth, through a narrative review. Methods: Articles published from 2008 to 2018 were searched in seven electronic databases using combinations of the terms 'anger', 'angry', 'aggress*', and 'postpartum'. Results: Ultimately seven studies were selected and analyzed. Six of the quantitative studies and one qualitative study were included and postpartum anger or anger was found to be measured in all six quantitative studies. Postpartum anger was influenced by hostility during pregnancy and women's dependence and self-criticism of women after childbirth. Attachment with parents in the past and affection between married couples in the present influenced the expression and management of anger. Conclusion: The results indicated that postpartum anger was influenced by internal and external factors such as the individual characteristics of women, past experiences, current marital relations and social support. However, there was no study focusing on postpartum anger and related factors in domestic context. Thus, we suggest future studys which clarify the concept of postpartum anger and its measurement so that awareness of postpartum anger can be improved and mediation could be developed.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.80-87
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• 1998

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among anger expression mode, depression, and blood pressure. Method : Eight hundred sixty-eight male military draftees were asked during the examination procedure to answer Spielberger's Anger Expression Inventory, MMPI Repression Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI). Blood pressures, weight, and height were also measured. Results : 1) No significant difference was found in the anger-in and anger-out subscales of Spielberger Anger Expression Inventory, MMPI Repression Scale, and BDI between the hypertensives and the normotensives. 2) No significant difference of blood pressure was found between the groups determined by upper and lower 25% of each of the above scales and inventory. 3) The interaction effect of anger-in and anger-out on depression was found to be significant. Conclusion : These findings suggest that there is no relationship among anger-in, anger-out, depression, and blood pressure in young male military draftees. Interestingly, ambivalence of anger expression, i.e. the interaction of anger-in and anger-out, was found to be an important factor related to depression.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.99-113
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• 2011

This study examined natural groupings of mother-adolescents in terms of the sub-factors of problems in family communication. The natural groupings were as follows; the placating type, the blaming type, the super-reasonable type, and the inattention type. In addition, this paper also examined individual differences in trait anger and anger coping strategies patterns by clusters of sub-factors of problem in family communication. The subjects of this study consisted of 406 adolescents. Data were analyzed by means of cluster analysis and one-way ANOVA. The results from cluster analysis with the adolescent sample suggested the presence of four clusters ('placating-suppression', 'mixing up-confusion', 'authoritarian-hostility', 'consistent-repression'). Additionally, these four groups were found to be related to trait anger and anger coping strategies (anger-suppress, anger-out, anger-control).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.856-864
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to identify the relationships of trait anger, mode of anger expression, and perceived stress to mental health status in middle aged women. Method: The subjects were 157 middle aged women from 40s to 60s who lived in Seoul. Data was collected by questionnaire surveys using the convenience sampling. The instruments used for this study were Spielberger's trait anger scale and anger expression scale, Cohen, Kamarck, and Mermelstein's perceived stress and Derogatis's SCL-90-R. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression with SAS/PC. Result: The trait anger of middle aged women indicated a significantly positive correlation to perceived stress(r=.180, p=.023) and mental health status(r.=021, p=.014). Anger-in(r=.237, p<.05), and perceived stress(p=.461, p<.01) showed significantly positive correlation to mental health status. The most significant predictor influencing health status of middle aged women was perceived stress, and anger-in and the variance explained was 27%. Conclusion: These results suggested that middle aged women with high degree of trait anger is likely to be high in stress perception. Perceived stress and anger-in are major factors influencing mental health status.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.288-294
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess anger of middle school adolescents in an urban community using State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI)-Korean and Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), and to determine whether specific anger expression of adolescents is associated with certain psychopathology including depression. Methods : Data were collected from 395 middle school students and their parents in Incheon city. The students completed the STAXI, Children's Depression Inventory, Korean version of Mood disorder Questionnaire, and Conners-Wells' Adolescent Self-Report Scale (Short Form), and their parents completed the K-CBCL. Results : No significant correlation was observed between aggression subscale K-CBCL and each scale of the STAXI, except anger out (r=0.704). The scores for STAXI total and respective scales were significantly higher for female students than male students. A stepwise logistic regression model was used to explore the possible predictors for depression in adolescents and lower anger control and higher anger suppression were found to be predictors for depression in adolescence. Conclusion : There is a possibility of a large discrepancy between anger that the adolescents actually feel and parents' judgment of their children's anger. It must be considered in assessment of adolescent anger and use of further structured interviews is necessary. In addition, it may be useful to consider the anger expression style in adolescents who report depressive symptoms.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.925-932
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between depression, perceived stress, fatigue and anger in clinical nurses. Method: A descriptive survey was conducted using a convenient sample. Data was collected by questionnaires from four hundred clinical nurses who worked at a university hospital. Radloff's CES-D for depression, Cohen, Kamarck & Mermelstein's Perceived Stress Scale, VAS for Fatigue, and Spielberger's STAXI for anger were used. The data was analyzed using the pearson correlation coefficient, students' t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 12.0. Result: The depression of clinical nurses showed a significantly positive correlation to perceived stress(r=.360, p=.000), mental fatigue(r=.471, p=.000), physical fatigue(r=.350, p=.000), trait anger(r=.370, p=.000), anger-in expression(r=.231, p=.000), and anger-control expression(r=.120, p=.016). There was a negative correlation between depression and age(r=-.146, p=.003). The mean score of depression of nurses, 26, was a very high score and 40.8% of clinical nurses were included in a depression group. The main significant predictors influencing depression of clinical nurses were mental fatigue, trail anger, perceived stress, anger-in expression, and state anger, which explained about 32.7%. Conclusion: These results indicate that clinical nurses with a high degree of perceived stress, mental fatigue and anger-in expression are likely to be depressed.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.327-335
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• 2007

Purpose: The descriptive study was designed to examine the relationship of eating attitudes to the internalization of sociocultural attitudes, body shape satisfaction, anger and anger expression in college women. Method: 247 women were recruited from one college located in Seoul, Korea. The instruments used were the Internalization subscale of SATAQ-3R, BSQ for body shape satisfaction, Spielberger's state trait anger expression inventory-Korean version for anger and anger expression, and the Eating Attitude Test(EAT-26) for eating attitudes. Results: The score of EAT significantly correlated with internalization, state anger, body shape satisfaction, and anger expression except trait anger. The significant predictors of eating attitudes in college women were body shape satisfaction and anger expression, explaining 55% of the variance in eating attitudes. Conclusion: This study showed that body shape satisfaction is an important predictor for an eating disorder. Therefore, various programs for cognitive changes correcting the understanding about body and weight need to be developed in the future.