• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.149-163
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• 2000

노인소비자들은 나이와 함께 기능적인 능력이 감퇴하면서 주택내의 환경이 그들의 한계와 장애를 보완해 줄 수 있게 좀 더 지원적이기를 기대한다. 이러한 노인그룹을 포함하여 모든 사용자에게 독립적이고, 안전하며, 편리한 생활환경을 조성해 주는 것이 유니버셜 디자인이다. 이 연구의 목적은 유니버셜 디자인 개념으로 개발 된 혁신적인 욕실용품들, 즉 높이가 조절되어 앉거나 서서 사용하는 장점 등을 갖춘 세면대와 높이조절이 되는 이동식 샤워기가 장착된 걸어서 들어가며, 접이식 의자가 있는 등의 장점을 가진 욕조에 대한 소비자 의견의 검토이다. 피험자는 미국에 사는 미국노인과 한국노인(50세이상-79세까지)으로 합계 58명이었다. 실험장소는 미국서부소도시 대학의 유니버셜 디자인 연구실로, 이 대학의 협력으로 이곳에 장착된 신개발 설비를 이용하였다. 실험시기는 1997년 5월부터 11월 사이(봄, 가을)로 소비자 의견조사는 3단계로 이루어졌다. 먼저 1단계 설문조사에서는 피험자 거주주택의 욕실환경, 피험자의 목욕방법, 건강과 안전, 새로운 욕실설비에 대한 소비자 의견 등이 조사되었다. 2단계는 실제로 선정 된 욕실설비의 사용실험으로 피험자가 옷입은 상태에서 목욕을 가정하여 선택된 설비의 사용동작을 하면서(비디오 촬영) 조사자의 조사표에 의한 질문에 답하였다. 3단게는 2단계의 사용실험 후 유니버셜 디자인 된 욕실설비의 가정 내 도입의사 등의 조사를 하였다. 위에서 설명한 3단계의 소비자 의견조사 및 실험에서 얻은 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1) 미국거주 미국노인과 한국노인의 비교에서 한국노인의 평균 신장이 3cm정도 작았고, 2개이상의 욕실을 가진 비율과 학벌, 독신거주비율은 미국노인이 다소 높았고, 욕조 소유율은 한국노인이 높았다. 2) 새로운 욕실 설비에 대한 소비자 의견은 미국과 한국노인 모두 유니버셜 디자인된 새 설비의 장점을 인정하였다. 욕조와 세면조가 매력적이라 평하였고 샤워조작기가 색상구분으로 도운물과 찬물인지가 편하며, 접이식 의자가 유용하며, 문 달린 욕조의 안전 손잡이와 욕조가장자리를 잡고 안전하게 출입한다고 했다. 그러나 욕조길이와 높이에서 두 나라간에 차가 있어 앞으로 치수에 대한 것이 연구과제로 지적되었다. 3) 욕실 설비 개발 시 유니버셜 디자인 용품에 요구되는 목표는 안전하게 쓸 수 있고, 가령에 따른 신체장애요소가 커버되어 스스로 사용가능하고, 사용상 번거로움이 없어 정신적 스트레스를 주지않는 것이어야 하겠다. 4) 선택된 유니버셜 디자인 욕실설비는 표준치수의 현 욕조위치에 장착이 가능하여 앞으로 현 주택에의 교체가 가능하였다. 5) 선택된 유니버셜 디자인 욕실설비는 인체치수와 문화가 다른 두 나라 노인 모두 긍정적으로 평가하여 앞으로의 국제적 보급이 기대되었다.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.7
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• pp.7-36
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• 2009

This paper intends to examine the significance of the "Minjoong Misool(People's art)" of the 1980s emerged in Korea in its social, cultural, and art historical context. This paper also aims to provide an analysis of the meaning and form of the individual artist's works, which have been overlooked under the dominant discourse that has emphasized their political role as a collective group. In particular, this paper scrutinizes the work of "Critical Realists" by examining the way in which they perceived Korean society in the early 1980s and visualized their experiences of the period. The figurative art newly emerged in the early 1980s challenged the formalist Modernism, which was adopted into Korea and translated into monochrome paintings and the work of the conversative academicism of the 1970s. The figurative art encouraged a social communication and moreover it intended to criticize the conflicts in the political, economical, and social domains in Korea. The targets of its critique include the unavoidable results of the unprecedented development of economy, various social phenomena of the post-industrial society, and the growth of the commercialized kitsch culture. Along with Shin, Hak-chul's work that incorporates collage technique since the 1980s, the work of some members of "Reality and Utterance" and "Im- sul-nyun" exemplify their critical interests in disclosing the false dream of wealth and happiness by both referring to and drawing on the utopian fantasy manipulated and distributed by mass media and commercial advertisements. This paper pays particular attention to Nouvelle Figuration emerged in France and Europe during the 1960s, which is comparable to the new figurative art emerged in Korea during the 1980s. Nouvelle Figuration criticized the autonomy in art isolated itself from political and social reality after WWII, in particular the indifference of Informel and abstract art as well as American abstract art. Moreover it became rather politicized around May of 1968. Given that French Nouvelle Figuration was introduced in Korea in 1982 and made a significant contribution to the formation of figurative art in Korea, it should be noted that the new figurative art emerged in the 1980s in Korea cannot be categorized merely in relation to People's Art. This paper intends to critically redress the notion that People's art was formed in the particular political, economical, and cultural context of Korea independent of the contemporary artistic practices outside Korea. It will provide a critical examination and analysis of the content and form of the new figurative art, from which People's Art was germinated, in the global context.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.3 s.68
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• pp.394-404
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• 2007

The purpose of the study was to analyze the difference in knitwear purchasing behaviors of female college students in the U.S., Korea, and China. It was developed questionnaire that included knitwear purchasing behavior that is fashion information sources, evaluation criteria of knitwear products, store attributes of knitwear, knitwear buying places, and purchasing experience of foreign-made knitwear. The final sample used in this study consisted of 119 female college students in U.S., 150 female college students in Korea, and 217 female college students in China. Aged from 18 to 33. ANOVA, factor analysis, Duncan's multiple range test, frequency, and percentage as analysis methods were used. The results of the study were as follows. The preference of knitwear among the respondents was shown highly. This result is due to a world-wide trend of casual clothing, and is to prove, that knitwear is that made with flexibility, drape, and stretch, is the item that is able to satisfy consumer's desires. Knitwear preference of knitwear the U.S. respondents was shown highly, and buying intention of them was also high, not only for sweaters and t-shirts but for pants, skirts, jackets, coats, and dresses as well. Knitwear information the U.S. respondents considered important, was not only purchasing experience but also shop display and magazine advertisements. By evaluating criteria of knitwear, the U.S. respondents considered good fit, design, color, and comfort important, and they didn't consider the country of origin important. By store attributes of knitwear, the U.S. respondents specially considered the display, variety, price level, and sale frequency of merchandise. The respondents of China was shown higher than them of Korea in the intention of all items. Knitwear information the China respondents considered important, was not only purchasing experience but also shop advertisements of Newspaper and magazine and fashion articles in Newspaper and magazine. By evaluating criteria of knitwear, the China respondents considered good fit, design, color, and comfort important, and they considered fiber content and the country of origin higher than the respondents of U.S. By Store attributes of knitwear, the China respondents specially considered product knowledge and friendliness of sales personnel, Layaway payment plan, Brand names, New Fashion, and Dressing Facilities higher than the respondents of U.S. or Korea.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.103-120
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• 2005

During the 1970s, concern arose that cured meats contained high levels of residual nitrite and preformed nitrosamines. Therefore, the search for alternatives and alternative approaches to the use of nitrite have been still continued, however no complete alternative for nitrite has yet been identified. Recently, it was publicized in Korea that nitrite-containing meat products would be detrimental to health, about which consumers have been seriously concerned. Therefore, this study was carried out to inform the consumer of the safety status of nitrite and thereby to lead proper consumption of meat products. For assessing the safety of nitrite, data regarding the regulation for use, metabolism in human body, and dietary intake amounts of nitrite were collected and analyzed. The mean intake level of nitrite for Korean per capita was recently reported to be not more than 1% of ADI set by JECFA. On the contrary, a calculation indicated that the daily nitrite intake per capita from saliva by ingestion of vegetables in Korea would be about 300-fold higher than that from cured meats. In consideration of the low consumption amount of meat products per capita of Korean, that is, at least one fifth, compared to European and American, there is no particular reason to concern about the impairment of health by nitrite intake from meat products for Korean. However, any effort for the reduction of residual nitrite content in cured meats should be given with an idea to minimize the intake of nitrite even from the minor source.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.70-81
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• 2020

Living in the modern world, we can easily access large marts and outlets, and live convenient mobile shopping and same-day and early morning shipping. It is called 'shopping addiction' when the purpose of such shopping is not to be attributed to the original purpose of the goods, but to be purchased by an irresistible impulse. According to past studies, 5.8% of American adults and 15.5% of Korean college students were found to be purchase poisoning[3]. The study identified the relationship between interpersonal anxiety, public-consciousness and self-control among the various factors leading to purchase addiction and confirmed their impact on consumers internal psychology. The study found that although Interpersonal anxiety did not directly affect purchasing addiction, it was influenced by self-control and public-consciousness that increased the tendency to purchase addiction. The results of the group comparison between men and women showed that the self-control of men and the public-consciousness of women has increased their purchasing addiction. Such differences in psychology between men and women suggested related implications, such as the need to apply purchase addiction prevention management and treatment methods differently.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.18C no.3
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• pp.135-142
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• 2011

Recently, the strategy for N-screen service is in the spotlight along with the consumer's need to use contents regardless of time and place due to the rapid development of communication technology, which is meshing with the desire of service providers seeking a new business model. N-screen, as a screen-extension-concept service which enables consumers to continuously share and use contents in various equipments such as TV, computer and portable terminals, is an advanced type of 3-screen service strategy initially proposed by AT&T, an American telecommunication company. In the N-screen service for pay-contents, in order to support continuous screen changes to and from various equipments, temporary watching right should be given to the equipment intended for screen change. However, it is impossible to give the temporary watching right in the present broadcasting environment, adopting an access-control system. In this paper, the access-control technology being used for pay-contents in the present broadcasting environment and the reason for not being able to give temporary watching right, will be examined. After the examination, the solution for delegation of watching right by using an additional key on the basis of currently used access-control technology, will be proposed.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.50-84
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• 2019

As the technology commercialization of American universities has been greatly activated since the implementation of the Bayh Dole Act, that of Korean universities has been steadily increasing since the enactment of the Technology Transfer Promotion Act of 2000, due to numerous related laws, government support programs, and accumulated experience of technology transfer. However, the level of technology commercialization of domestic universities is still insufficient in comparison to that of advanced countries such as the United States. So, in this study, we tried to identify factors promoting technology transfer and start-ups in Korean universities by examining domestic prior researches carried out since 2000 using SLR (Systematic Literature Review) methodology. As a result of our analysis, researches in the field of technology transfer were the most studied while papers on start-up are actively increasing recently. As for factors influencing commercialization of technology, internal and external factors were identified. The former were categorized as human resource, technology and knowledge resource, financial resource, managing resource and strategy, university type, and education and culture, while the latter were grouped into consumer, region, and infrastructure. And then detailed factors were integrated in each field by systematic mapping. Our study has its meaning in that it systematically accumulated the results of researches on technological commercialization of Korean universities and identified areas that are lacking or need additional research. And the integrated promoting factors for technology transfer or start-up can also be used as a checklist for universities or public institutes.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.301-310
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• 2019

This study aims to examine eligibilities, services and delivery of services for the current end-of-life care and analyze the quality control of services for end-of-life care. We analyzed the literature and laws on end-of-life systems in Korean and the United States. Current end-of-life care, hospice and palliative care in Korea is being provided mainly in hospital setting. Quality control for the services focuses on setting the criteria for structures in hospitals (i.e. staffing, facilities and equipment). Whereas American end-of-life care system has much broader eligibility for service beneficiaries and provides care mostly at home. Also quality control for services includes process (delivering service) and outcomes, such as monitoring performance indicators and consumer's satisfaction. This is linked to annual payment. The comparative analysis findings contributed to give the next direction of current Korean end-of-life care system. It is nessary to establish the better and extensive end-of-life care system in Korea in considering other countries' end-of-life care systems based on more future research.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.183-208
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• 2016

The objective of the study was to find out whether the Super Bowl adverts with high Ad Meter scores had more advertising appeals related to U.S. culture in Hofstede's dimensions. The significance of the study lies in the analysis on U.S. consumer preferences on adverts in terms of culture under one of the most representative American sport event: Super Bowl. The study was based on a content analysis of top and bottom 10 Super Bowl adverts during a period of consecutive seven years 2005 through 2011. The top and bottom ten were grouped based on the Ad Meter scores by the USA Today. The number of adverts interpreted by two coders along with the author was 139. The coding results implies that adverts in the top 10 group carried more appeals connected to US culture in Hofstede dimensions, such as youth, untamed, and magic in uncertainty avoidance dimension. Meanwhile, such appeals as ornamental, vain, and status in high power distance dimension were mainly found in the bottom 10 adverts group. Grounded on the findings from the content analysis, links between the score levels and the presence of certain appeals may offer marketers a hint on what appeals they emphasize when producing adverts in a certain cultural bound, let alone Super Bowl adverts targeting TV viewers in the U. S. A.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.41-66
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• 2019

This paper looks at the readers and publishing strategies of paperback romance novels in the the 1980s based on the 'high-teen' concept. The purpose of this article is to examine the meaning the 'high-teen' concepts as expressed in the media through the publication of paperback romance series in the 1980s. Among paperback romance series, this paper was based on pirated/licensed version of novels published by Harlequin, a Canadian publisher, and the magazine media's advertising promotional phrases that were published targeting the same readers. Since the 1970s, mass media have referred to teenagers as high-teens and called them important consumers. High-teen was a term referring to teenagers in school uniforms, mostly girls, and in the 1980s, 'high-teen' was also introduced as a new consumer market, and the publishing market put forward a number of publishing strategies to attract them. The paperback romance, including , has identified 'high-teen' readers as late-teen girls, sensitive consumers for best-sellers/million-sellers, readers with a tendency to read stories of love, and readers that favor American and Western culture. Since the 1980s, the market for paperback romance has been in the recession, but readers have kept the romance genre alive by accepting and localizing the Harlequin series. With the rise of a new form of media called the 'Web Novel', interest in the romance genre is increasing, and we hope this study will serve as a starting point for a variety of discussions with (women) readers about romance reading/enjoyment.