• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.683-692
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• 2010

Morphologically, nine different slow-growing protoclones were screened from regenerated protoplasts of heterokaryotic Agaricus bisporus. As such, the present study is the first report on differentiating homo- and heterokaryotic protoclones using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Among 80 primers tested, the seven ISSR and seven RAPD primers selected for the analysis generated a total of 94 ISSR and 52 RAPD fragments, respectively. The ISSR fingerprinting also detected more polymorphic loci (38.29%) than the RAPD fingerprinting (34.61%). A principal coordinate analysis (PCA) was employed to evaluate the resolving power of the markers as regards differentiating protoclones. As a result, the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) for each marker system (i.e., 0.787 for RAPD and 0.916 for ISSR) suggested that ISSR is more effective for determining polymorphisms. The dendrograms constructed using RAPD, ISSR, and an integrated RAPD and ISSR marker system were highly correlated with one another as revealed by a high Mantel correlation (r= 0.98). The pairwise similarity index values also ranged from 0.64 to 0.95 (RAPD), 0.67 to 0.98 (ISSR), and 0.67 to 0.98 (RAPD and ISSR), whereas the mean similarity index values of 0.82, 0.81, and 0.84 were obtained for the RAPD, ISSR, and combined data, respectively. As there was a good correspondence between the RAPD and ISSR similarity matrices, ISSR would appear to be an effective alternative to RAPD in the genetic diversity assessment and accurate differentiation of homo- and heterokaryotic protoclones of A. bisporus.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2014

양송이의 품종 및 재배온도에 따른 주기별 자실체 내의 당성분의 함량변화를 확인하기 위하여 HPLC로 분석한 결과. 재배온도 중에서 가장 높은 총 아미노산 함량을 보이는 것은 $19^{\circ}C$ 처리로 공시품종 모두 동일한 결과를 보였다. 103호 품종은 다른 품종에 비하여 총아미노산과 아미노산 종류별 함량도 품종 중에서 가장 낮은 것이 확인되었다. 아미노산 종류에서는 cysteine 함량이 가장 높으며, 그 다음으로는 phenylalanine, glutamic acid, lysine, proline, histidine 등이 높았다. 기존성적에서 연구자별로 차이가 큰 것은 재배온도와 품종의 차이에 의해 발생 가능한 것이라고 추정된다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2015

To promote the selection of promising monokaryotic strains of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) during breeding, 61 progeny strains derived from basidiospores of two different lines of dikaryotic parental strains, ASI1038 and ASI1346, were analyzed by nucleotide sequencing of the intergenic spacer I (IGS I) region in their rDNA and by extracellular enzyme assays. Nineteen different sizes of IGS I, which ranged from 1,301 to 1,348 bp, were present among twenty ASI1346-derived progeny strains, while 15 different sizes of IGS I, which ranged from 700 to 1,347 bp, were present among twenty ASI1038-derived progeny strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the IGS sequences revealed that different clades were present in both the ASI10388- and ASI1346-derived progeny strains. Plating assays of seven kinds of extracellular enzymes (${\beta}$-glucosidase, avicelase, CM-cellulase, amylase, pectinase, xylanase, and protease) also revealed apparent variation in the ability to produce extracellular enzymes among the 40 tested progeny strains from both parental A. bisporus strains. Overall, this study demonstrates that characterization of IGS I regions and extracellular enzymes is useful for the assessment of the substrate-degrading ability and heterogenicity of A. bisporus monokaryotic strains.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2014

Commonly known as the button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus is one of the most widely cultivated mushroom species of edible fungi. In the breeding of new button mushroom, Seolwon was developed by crossing two homokaryons. Because of the predominantly pseudohomothallic life cycle, only a small percentage of homokaryotic meiospores are produced, which do not fruit. Homokaryotic cultures derived from these types of single spores produce a vegetative mycelium that contain a variable number of genetically identical nuclei per cell. After crossing two homokaryons, hybrids were cultivated on a small scale and on a commercial scale at a farm. The spawn was made by a commercial spawn producer and the spawned compost by a commercial compost producer. Mycelial growth of Seolwon on CDA was better at $25^{\circ}C$ when it was compared with that of Seolgang. The mature cap shape of new strain Seolwon is oblate spheroid and the immature cap shape is round to oblate spheroid. The cap diameter was 39.7 mm on average. In comparison with white strain Seolgang, the strain had a yield that was 11% higher. It produced fruiting bodies which had a higher weight on average per fruiting body and were 9.7% firmer with a good shelf life. Days of fruiting body were 1-2 days later than those of Seolgang. The physical characteristics such as springiness, chewiness, adhesiveness, gumminess were better than that of Seolgang.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 1992

To investigate on the element content of twelve edible mushrooms and Aloe arborescent, i.e., Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum (culturing in wood and soil), Tricholoma matsutake, Agaricus auricula-Jude (produced in Korea and China), sarcodon asparatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Coriolus bisporus, Cyrophora esculenta, Auricularia auricula-Jude (produced in Korea and China), Sarcodon asparatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Coriolus rersicolor, Smilax rotundifolia and Aloe arborescenstyl were analyzed by Atomic absorption spectrometer. The obtained results were summarized as follows : 1. Potassium, sodium, magnesium and iron content for the most part samples were in large quantities, especi phosphorus content of those was highest ammount for the all samples. 2. Sodium content f·as much ammount in the Lentinus edodes(39 mg, and Ganoderma lucidum(20 mg) , Culturing in wood and soil, while potassium was very high ammount in the Aloe arborescens and other samples. Mush ammount of magnesium as compared with others was Lentinus edodes(144 mg) , Ganoderma lucidum(128 mg), Aloe arborescens(50 mg) and Pleurotus ostreatus (60 mg) . 3, Phosphorus content of Lentinus edodes, Gyrophora esculenta, Auricularia polytricha and Agaricus bisporus was much ammount while iron content of all samples equality higher ammount. Sodium content of Aloe arborescens was not analyzed out for almost all, its potassium(82 mg), magnesium(50 mg) and iron(18 mg) content comparatively higher quentity than others nllnerals and phosphorus volume (4.9 mg) as compared with others, was conspicuously lower detect. 4. Cadimium and lead content of harmful metal element were detected on trace quantity for the most part samples. 5. Organic acids of samples i.e., Lentinus edodes, Agaricus bisporus, Pleuritus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum were Citrate, Malate, Fumalate, Succinate, Oxalate, Acetate, Lactate, and Tartarate and Citrate, Malate and Fumarate contents were higher amount remarkbly than other organic acids. Tartarate content was trace amount.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.209-214
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• 1986

버섯중의 trehalase를 연구하기 위하여 각 버섯의 활성을 측정한 후 가장 활성이 좋은 양송이의 trehalase를 $(NH_4)_2SO_4$로 분획하여 조(粗) trehalase의 성질을 조사해 본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조(粗) trehalase는 pH $5.0{\sim}7.0$, $50^{\circ}C$에서 최적 작용조건을 나타내었다. 2. 조(粗) trehalase는 pH $5.0{\sim}7.0$, $50^{\circ}C$이하에서 안정하였다. 3. 조(粗) trehalase의 활성은 490.2mg%이하의 효소농도 및 $2.6{\times}10^{-3}$이하의 기질 농도 범위 내에서 비례적으로 증가하였다. 4. 기질(trehalose) 농도에 대한 Km 값은 0.76 mM이였다. 5. 금속이온에 대한 조(粗) trehalase 활성은 $Sn^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, $Hg^{2+}$, $Cd^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$, $Fe^{3+}$에 의하여 현저한 저해효과를 나타낸 반면에 $Ag^{+}$, $Ba^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$에 의해서는 활성이 증가하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2015

국내 양송이버섯 생산동향 및 생산량 감소 원인 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 2000년 이후 국내 양송이버섯의 생산량은 70%, 농가수는 37%가 감소하였으며 경북지역은 감소폭이 더욱 컸다. 국내 재배면적은 6%가 증가하였지만 경북지역은 30%가 감소하였다. 2002년 이후 중국산 양송이(조제)가 공급되면서 양송이버섯 시장은 농가수가 감소하는 등 큰 영향을 받았으나 양송이버섯가격은 지속적으로 상승하였다. 특히, 단위면적당 생산량의 감소로 시장으로 공급되는 양이 수요량보다 부족하였음을 알 수 있었다. 나. 양송이버섯의 생산량이 감소한 원인으로는 농가경영여건의 악화, 수량보다는 품질에 중점을 둔 재배방식의 변화, 중국산 양송이버섯의 수입, 기후변화로 인한 재배환경 변화, 재배시설의 노후화, 양송이버섯 재배용 국산설비의 개발이 부진하였던 것을 뽑을 수 있다. 특히, 양송이버섯 재배용 배지의 원재료의 품질이 우수하지 못하며, 선진국에 비해 배지의 생산기술이 떨어지지만, 1980년대 이후 정착된 불안정한 한국형 배지생산 시스템으로 인해 양송이버섯 배지의 품질이 낮아진 것이 국내 및 경북지역의 양송이버섯 생산량 감소에 주요 원인 중 한가지로 작용하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.22-29
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• 1975

양송이(Agaricus campestris var. bisporus)의 액체배양을 위하여 TGY 배지(培地)에서의 배양조건을 보면 $27{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ 진탕배양에서 pH는 배양일수에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었고, 배양(培養) 12일에는 균체량의 생산도 많았고 질소함량도 7%를 유지하였으며, 배지중 탄소원은 거의 소실되었다. 배양기의 질소원으로는 ${(NH_4)}_2HPO_4$에서 수율(收率)이 좋았고, yeast extract 를 첨가하였을 때 균사체량이 더 증가하였다. 탄소원으로서는 glucose 가 가장 좋았고 fructose, maltose, lactose, sucrose 는 거의 비슷하였으며 가용성 전분은 거의 자화(資化)하지 못하였다. 양송이 균사체(菌絲體)는 단백질 함량이 48%이고 유리(遊離)아미노산으로서는 arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, proline, tyrosine 의 8종이 검출되었으며 단백질에는 각종 필수(必須)아미노산 특히 lysine, threonine이 많이 포함되어 있으므로 고품질(高品質)의 단백질 식품으로서 가치가 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.174-180
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate quality characteristics and antioxidant effects on storage by temperature between new cultivar Dewdrop Pine Mushroom (Lentinula edodes GNA01) and button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). Methods: Dewdrop Pine Mushroom and button mushroom were prepared at low storage temperature. Results: Weight loss increased with time, whereas the new cultivar Dewdrop Pine Mushroom showed a decrease of less than 4% until 15days. Hardness of new cultivar Dewdrop Pine Mushroom was reduces less than button mushroom during storage. Color change of new cultivar Dewdrop Pine Mushroom was not altered during storage. For viable cell count, new cultivar Dewdrop Pine Mushroom proliferated less than button mushroom. For antioxidant activity, polyphenol content increased with storage period of both mushrooms. The electron-donating action of new cultivar Dewdrop Pine Mushroom maintained high antioxidant activity accounting for 80% until 12 days of storage. New cultivar Dewdrop Pine Mushroom was evaluated as better than pine mushroom as it exceeded the middle of storage in sensory characteristics; such as appearance, color, aroma and overall acceptability, etc. Conclusion: In summary, new cultivar Dewdrop Pine Mushroom was stored for 12 days while button mushroom was stored for 9 days.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2001

양송이버섯을 열풍건조, 진공건조, 동결건조를 이용하여 건조하고 건조조건 및 방법에 따른 물리적 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 양송이버섯은 초기수분함량이 90%(w.b.) 이상의 높은 수분함량을 가진 농산물이며, 건조방법에 따른 건조시간을 비교 분석한 결과 열풍건조시 가장 빠른 건조시간(12 h)을 나타내었으며, 동결건조의 경우 열풍건조에 비하여 약 8시간정도 오래 걸리는 것으로 나타났다. 색차를 나타내는 ${\Delta}E$값은 높은 온도와 빠른 풍속, 그리고 낮은 진공도에서 점차 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 전체적인 색도변화는 동결건조된 양송이버섯이 생버섯과 비교할 때 변화가 가장 적었으며, 열풍건조된 양송이버섯은 색차가 크게 나타났다. 갈변도 변화는 열풍건조에서 높은 값을 나타내었고 동결건조에서 갈변도 변화가 가장 적었으며, 건조풍속 및 진공도의 영향보다 건조온도의 영향을 더 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 표면 경도의 경우 열풍건조에서 가장 높은 값을 나타내었으며 반면에 동결건조에서 경도변화가 가장 적었다. 재수화 특성을 분석한 결과 동결건조의 경우 조직사이의 공극이 크기 때문에 열풍건조 및 진공건조의 경우보다 흡수량이 많았으며 흡수되는 시간도 초기에 급격히 증가하는 경향을 보였다.