• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.79-83
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• 1989

This study was conducted to determine the effect of growth regulators, IBA, GA, and BA, on the adventitious bud formation, shoot differentiation, and inflorescence development in embryo culture of Korean ginseng. The adventitious bud formation and shoot differentiation were significantly promoted by application of a combination of 1 ma/l IBA and 5 mg/l GA. The adventitious buds had the primordial shoots and were differentiated as to plantlets. About 5 to 10 adventitious buds developed around the basal axis of the epicotyle of the ginseng embryo, and development of inflorescence was possible only after shoot differentiation. The MS medium supplemented with a combination of 3 mal 1 each of IBA, GA, and BA was most effective for in vitro inflorescence development, and the ratio of inflorescence formation was 18.4%.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.187-195
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• 2011

The gesneriaceous perennial plant Titanotrichum oldhamii has beautiful foliage and attractive bright yellow flowers. However, breeding of T. oldhamii by conventional sexual hybridization may be difficult because sexual reproduction of this species is very rare. In the present study, plant regeneration systems via both direct and indirect formation of adventitious shoots from leaf explants were established as the first step toward breeding T. oldhamii by using biotechnological techniques. Adventitious shoots were formed efficiently on medium containing $0.1mg\;l^{-1}$ benzyladenine. Histological observation showed that shoot formation on this medium occurred directly from leaf epidermal cells without callus formation. On the other hand, leaf explants formed calluses on medium containing $0.1mg\;l^{-1}$ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The calluses could be maintained by monthly subculturing to fresh medium of the same composition. When the calluses were transferred to plant growth regulator-free medium, they formed adventitious shoots. Directly and indirectly formed shoots rooted well on medium containing $0.1mg\;l^{-1}$ indole-3-butyric acid. Plantlets thus obtained were successfully acclimatized and grew vigorously in the greenhouse. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that no variation in the ploidy level was observed in plants regenerated via direct shoot formation, whereas chromosome doubling occurred in several plants regenerated via indirect shoot formation. Regenerated plants with the same ploidy level as the mother plants showed almost the same phenotype as the mother plants, whereas chromosome-doubled plants showed apparent morphological alterations: they had small and crispate flowers, and round and deep green leaves.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.483-488
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• 2011

Cacalia firma recently has been used increasingly as leaf vegetables but endangered in natural forest. In this work, we established the plant regeneration via adventitious shoot formation from petiole segments of seedling and in vitro plantlets. Wounding of seed coats and $GA_3$ treatments were effective to induce in vitro germination of seeds, whereas, seed did not germinate at all without these treatment. When cotyledon, leaf, petiole, and root segments of seedling were cultured on medium with 2 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ benzyl adenine (BA) and 0.5 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), petiole segments showed highest number of shoots per explant among the other segments. Among the various kinds of cytokinins, BA, isopentyl adenine (2-ip), kinetin, zeatin, thidiazuron (TDZ), TDZ and BA treatments were effective to induce high frequency of adventitious shoot formation from petiole segments of in vitro propagated plants. NAA stimulated the frequency of adventitious shoot formation but not for number of adventitious shoots per explants compared to TDZ or BA treatment alone. Most of adventitious shoots were developed directly from surfaces of explants. Adventitious shoots were transferred on medium with IBA for root formation, thereafter the plantlets were successfully transferred to soil.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.125-128
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• 1997

The most effective cytokinin source for adventitious shoot regeneration of in vitro grown leaves from 'Gala' apple was BA with the concentration of 4.0 mg/L, while auxin source was IAA, IBA and NAA with the concentration of 0.1 mg/L, respectively. As the result of combinational treatment of BA and NAA, 6.0 or 8.0 mg/L BA with 0.5 mg/L NAA was effective for adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf tissues of 'Gala', 0.1 mg/L NAA + 8.0 mg/L BA and 1.0mg/L NAA + 8.0 mg/L BA for internode, and 0.1 mg/L NAA + 4.0 mg/L BA for petiole.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.59-65
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• 2009

Combinations of plant growth regulators, darkness treatments, and the order of expanding leaves for explants were evaluated for optimizing in vitro shoot regeneration rate of 'Whangkeumbae' pear. In a MS medium, supplemented with $8.88{\mu}M$ 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and $0.49{\mu}M$ indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), green foci were observed on the surface of the callus 8 days after culture initiation. Some adventitious buds were later induced from those green foci, resulting in the appearance of normal shoots. In a medium containing $22.20{\mu}M\;BA$, the surface of the callus became compact and greenish, and many adventitious buds were formed over the entire area of the callus surface. When comparing BA concentration via histological observation, the section which had been treated with $22.20{\mu}M\;BA$ exhibited closer cell aggregation than those with $8.88{\mu}M\;BA$. The darkness treatment enhanced the formation of adventitious shoots for up to 3 weeks. The youngest two expanding leaves, proximal to the shoot apex, were proved to be the most regenerative, and yielded the highest shoot number per regenerating leaf. A fourth strength MS medium, which was supplemented with $0.54{\mu}M\;NAA$, yielded good quality plantlets, with regard to root number and root length.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.272-277
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• 2004

Zygotic embryos of Stewartia korean Nakai were cultured to determine the effects both of BA and NAA on adventitious shoot induction. Multiple shoots (about 11 per explant) were formed when the embryos were treated with 1.0 mg/L BA alone. On the other hand, NAA appeared to inhibit shoot induction when treated with BA. Adventitious shoots looked differ in form and color by the combinations of BA and NAA treated. When both BA and NAA were present, the shoots became short and developed dark color. The highest rooting was observed at 0.5mg/L NAA. The results could be useful for the establishment of in vitro regeneration system for Stewartia koreana Nakai.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.223-227
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• 1995

Immature flowers and lateral buds of Neoregeria carorinae cv. Tricolor were cultured for micropropagation and the collecting times of materials, growth regulators and theirs concentrations, and cultural methods on the formation of adventitious buds and growth were investigated in this experiment The formation rate was the highest in immature flowers collected at 4weeks after flower bud differentiation and in buds at 7weeks after flower differentiation of adventitious buds. MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L BA was the most favorable for the formation of adventitious buds. Solid medium was more effective for the formation of adventitious buds than liquid one. MS medium with 1.0 mg/L NAA was the most suitable for the rooting of regenerated shoot. Liquid medium was effective for the rooting of regenerated shoot than solid one.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.397-401
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• 2003

Digitalis purpurea L. is a medicinal herb and have been used to congestive heart failure, mycocardial infarction, edema, angina etc. A protocol has been developed for in vitro propagation of adventitious shoot buds directly from leaf segments of D. purpurea Leaf explants of D. purpurea directly formed shoot buds when cultured on a MS medium supplemented with $2\;mg/l$ BA and $0.1\;mg/l$ IAA for 5 weeks. Adventitious shoots were multiplied by subculturing on the $B_5$ medium and shoot elongation was developed by subculturing on the WPM medium. Root formation from the shoot regenerated was achieved on MS basal medium containing 1 mg/ IBA.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out to develop rapid mass propagation via shoot organogenesis system from adventitious roots of Rehmannia glutinosa. The induction of adventitious roots from leaf explants was most favorable to MS solid medium supplemented with 2mg/L IBA. However, the growth of adventitious roots was highest when they were cultured on 1/3 strength MS liquid medium supplemented with 2mg/L IBA. When the adventitious roots were grown in 10L bioreactor, 10g roots as initial inoculum was increased to 225g after 6 weeks of culture. The harvested roots were cultured onto solid medium to induce plant regeneration. The optimal adventitious shoot formation was observed on MS medium supplemented with 2mg/L BA. Rooting of individual shoots was induced after transfer to half strength MS medium without growth regulators. Plantlets after acclimatization were successfully transplanted in the field and no phenotypic variation was observed among them.

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.142-142
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• 2005