• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1497-1501
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• 2006

The therapeutic anti-diabetic effect of Nelumbo Folium and a poly herbal formula (NOC) was evaluated in the streptozotocin (STZ 60 mg/kg, I.p.) induced diabetic rats. For this study, test articles were orally administrated once a day from 7 d after STZ-injection for 3 weeks. The fasting blood glucose, body weight, pancreas weight changes, oral glucose tolerance test, hemoglobin Alc (Hb A1c) level changes and the histopathological changes were observed. WNL-treated rat had lower fasting blood glucose levels compared to control group and NOC-treated rat had significantly lower fasting blood glucose levels, compared to control group (p < 0.05). After 21 days of extract treatment, body weight in control was reduced (p < 0.001). WNL and NOC groups were also reduced compared to control group but insignificantly. Pancreas weight of control group was reduced (p < 0.001), but the weight of NOC group were increased (P< 0.05). During the 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), WNL group were improved compared to control group (P < 0.05). NOC group were improved compared to control group but insignificantly. WNL and NOC groups had lower Hb Alc level compared to control group. In addition, atrophy of islet and decrease of insulin-producing cells were detected in STZ induced diabetes rats. However, these diabetic changes were decreased in WNL and NOC groups. These results suggest that N. Folium and NOC have favorable effects to inhibit the changes on the fasting blood glucose levels, pancreas weight, glucose tolerance, hemoglobin Alc and the histopathological changes of pancreas in STZ-induced diabetes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.599-607
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• 2017

Since 2015, small and medium domestic enterprises that treat more than a certain quantity of chemical substances in accordance with the Chemical Substance Control Act are obliged to submit an off-site impact assessment and risk management plan. In order to reduce the administrative and economic burden of the risk assessment, its impact was determined. Toxic leaks of nitric acid, methanol, and acetic acid were estimated and the correlations (between them?) were calculated. In addition, the correlations of this study were used to compare the KORA results according to the accident scenarios of the actual workplace and the extent of the damage as a function of distance in the case of toxic leaks. In this study, the correlation formula of the materials can be used to quickly determine the damage distance in the event of the accidental leakage of materials in the road or workplace, and to prepare emergency plans and respond to emergencies more quickly.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.143-152
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• 2015

The 'Quality Competitiveness Index' (QCI) is defined as an quantitative and disinterested indicator that measures and compares the quality of products across the world. The purpose of this study is to suggest the 'Quality Competitiveness Assessment Model' (QCAM) and calculate QCI of a popular UHF RFID Label tag (Global ISO 18000-3C supported) available these days in a global apparel market. The model was based on KS-QEI(Korean Standard-Quality Excellence Index), and was composed with the following 4 evaluation categories, a process capability test, an environmental reliability test, a durability test and a design margin test. The QCI score can be calculated with the following formula, using the weighted arithmetic mean between a score of each evaluation category ($X_1$, $X_2$, $X_3$, $X_4$) and each weight($w_1$, $w_2$, $w_3$, $w_4$). The actual weights was determined by an result of AHP survey to which was conducted for the related Industry-University-Institute experts. The proposed index shows the results of comparisons with global competitor's products as well as the high-quality domestic RFID label tags. In addition, it will play an important role for manufacturers when developing their future products.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.43-51
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• 2017

Background/Objectives : The purpose of this study is to propose a multi-threaded web crawl using queues that can solve the problem of time delay of single processing method, cost increase of parallel processing method, and waste of manpower by utilizing multiple bots connected by wide area network Design and implement. Methods/Statistical analysis : This study designs and analyzes applications that run on independent systems based on multi-threaded system configuration using queues. Findings : We propose a multi-threaded web crawler design using queues. In addition, the throughput of web documents can be analyzed by dividing by client and thread according to the formula, and the efficiency and the number of optimal clients can be confirmed by checking efficiency of each thread. The proposed system is based on distributed processing. Clients in each independent environment provide fast and reliable web documents using queues and threads. Application/Improvements : There is a need for a system that quickly and efficiently navigates and collects various web sites by applying queues and multiple threads to a general purpose web crawler, rather than a web crawler design that targets a particular site.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.533-541
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• 2021

Retaining walls have been used to prevent slope failure through resistance of earth pressure in railway, road, nuclear power plant, dam, and river infrastructure. To calculate dynamic earth pressure and determine the characteristics for seismic behavior, many researchers have analyzed the nonlinear response of ground and structure based on various numerical analyses (FLAC, PLAXIS, ABAQUS etc). In addition, seismic fragility evaluation is performed to ensure safety against earthquakes for structures. In this study, we used the FLAC2D program to understand the seismic response of the inverted T-type wall with a backfill slope, and evaluated seismic fragility based on relative horizontal displacements of the wall. Nonlinear site response analysis was performed for each site (S2 and S4) using the seven ground motions to calculate various seismic loadings reflecting site characteristics. The numerical model was validated based on other numerical models, experiment results, and generalized formula for dynamic active earth pressure. We also determined the damage state and damage index based on the height of retaining wall, and developed the seismic fragility curves. The damage probabilities of the retaining wall for the S4 site were computed to be larger than those for the S2 site.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.822-831
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• 2021

Although programs have been developed to evaluate the risk of dragging anchors, it is practically difficult for VTS(vessel traffic service) operators to calculate and evaluate these risks by obtaining input factors from anchored ships. Therefore, in this study, the gross tonnage (GT) that could be easily obtained from the ship by the VTS operators was set as an independent variable, and linear and nonlinear regression analyses were performed using the input factors as the dependent variables. From comparing the fit of the polynomial model (linear) and power series model (nonlinear), the power series model was evaluated to be more suitable for all input factors in the case of container ships and bulk carriers. However, in the case of tanker ships, the power supply model was suitable for the LBP(length between perpendiculars), width, and draft, and the polynomial model was evaluated to be more suitable for the front wind pressure area, weight of the anchor, equipment number, and height of the hawse pipe from the bottom of the ship. In addition, all other dependent variables, except for the front wind pressure area factor of the tanker ship, showed high degrees of fit with a coefficient of determination (R-squared value) of 0.7 or more. Therefore, among the input factors of the dragging anchor risk assessment program, all factors except the external force, seabed quality, water depth, and amount of anchor chain let out are automatically applied by the regression analysis model formula when only the GT of the ship is provided.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.247-255
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• 2021

The Ulsan anchorage has not secured a sufficient area than the anchorage demand, and the criteria for objective evaluation are not clearly defined. In this study, a general formula to solve the problems of the current anchorage density and occupancy concept was derived, and new adequacy evaluation criteria were proposed. The proposed criteria were applied to the Ulsan E anchorage to evaluate the suitability of the anchorage. The anchorage density and occupancy of the E1 anchorage were 129 % and 122 %, respectively, showing that both evaluation techniques exceeded 100 %, requiring anchorage expansion according to the evaluation criteria. A plan to expand the anchorage was reviewed considering the traffic pattern and the distance from the pilot boarding point. Therefore, a plan to open 35˚ on a sector at the end of the Ulsan No. 1 fairway was developed, and its suitability was verified. Base on the verification results, there was a part of the overlap between the extended area and the traffic track on the south of the E3 anchorage, but the possibility of affecting the marine traffic was minimal. In addition, it was confirmed that anchorage adequacy was achieved.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.209-231
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to extract the factors of core competency required for technology teachers and to analyze the educational needs for extracted core competency factors and to search for the application of core competencies in the in-service technology teachers education. This study was conducted by literature review, expert validation, and needs assessment method. The survey was conducted by 92 low-carrier technology teachers who participated in in-service technology teachers education for upgrading to first grade teacher certificate. Data were analyzed the factor analysis, needs assessment, and IPA analysis using SPSS 24. The core competencies with high education needs were selected by the score of the Borich formula and the IPA analysis. As a result of the study, 29 factors of core competencies were chosen as the priority: challenge, planning ability, decision making ability, future orientation, intellectual property utilization ability, communication ability, and creative thinking etc. Based on the conclusions of this study, I would suggest the following. It is to create a new in-service education program reflected on core competencies that have high educational needs of low-carrier technology teachers. In addition, a strategy that reflects core competencies methodically in existing in-service teachers education program is needed. Future research should be followed by research on curriculum design to enhance high needed core competencies of low-carrier technology teachers.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2019

Portulaca oleracea L. (PL) has been used in traditional medicine herb for treatment of various diseases, such as diarrhea, dysentery, and skin inflammation. Previous studies have shown that the PL regulates the inflammation by inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Although PL might have improvement effects of intestinal function and bioactive effects, there are not enough studies to demonstrate. This study investigated the effects of KDC16-2 on the improvement of intestinal function and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro. The improvement effect of intestinal function was measured fecal amount, water content and intestinal transit rate in KDC16-2 treated ICR mice. As results, compared with the control group, the KDC16-2 group showed a significant increase in wet fecal weight, dry fecal weight and fecal water content. The intestinal transit rate of KDC16-2 group was significantly increased. Based on the results, KDC16-2 is considered to have effects on improving intestinal function. The effect of anti-inflammatory demonstrated by using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice. The mice were administered 3% DSS along with KDC16-2 (100, 300 mg/kg) for 14 days. DSS-induced colitis mice were significantly ameliorated in KDC16-2 treated group, including body weight loss, colon length shortening, tight junction protein of colon and histological colon injury. The levels of inflammatory mediators (IgG2a, IgA, C-reactive protein and Myeloperoxidase) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, Interleukin (IL)-6) which are involved in inflammatory responses were increased in the DSS-treated group as compared to those in the control group, and the levels were significantly decreased in the KDC16-2 groups. In addition, we investigated the impact of KDC16-2 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in J774A.1 cells. KDC16-2 inhibited production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results suggested that the KDC16-2 could effectively alleviate the dysfunction of intestinal and inflammatory mediators. Thus, these KDC16-2 can be potentially used as health functional food of intestinal.

• Korean journal of health promotion
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.147-158
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• 2018

Background: This study was designed to investigate the effects of usual negative emotional experiences on biological aging progression of human. Methods: A total of 237 subjects who visited the Health Promotion Center at Chungnam National University Hospital from May 2013 through September 2013 was enrolled. Each subject had been drawn up a structured questionnaire about usual experiences of depression, anxiety, anger, and anger expression. The degree of biological aging progression of each subject was computed by a specific formula which consisted of chronological age and biological age reflecting obesity and aging of main organs. Results: Trait anger and low education level showed the significant correlations with biological aging (r=0.160, P=0.014, and r=-0.189, P=0.024, respectively). Trait anger and low education level solely displayed the significant $R^2s$ for biological aging in consequence of multivariate analyses; $R^2=0.044$, P=0.020, and $R^2=0.022$, P=0.038, respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that the significant relationship between usual anger experience (i.e., trait anger) and biological aging would be present. In addition, lower education level may be related with biological aging.