• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.743-754
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• 1997

A three-dimensional constitutive modeling for reinforced concrete is presented for finite element nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete. The targets of interest to the authors are columns confined by lateral steel hoops, RC thin shells subjected to combined in-plane and out-of-plane actions and massive structures of three-dimensional (3D) extent in shear. The elasto-plastic and continuum fracture law is applied to pre-cracked solid concrete. For post cracking formulation, fixed multi-directional smeared crack model is adopted for RC domains of 3D geometry subjected to monotonic and reversed cyclic actions. The authors propose a new scheme of decomposing stress strain fields into sub-planes on which 2D constitutive laws can be applied. The proposed model for 3D reinforced concrete is experimentally verified in both member and structural levels under cyclic actions.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.1411-1440
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• 2017

We study free actions of finite groups on 3-dimensional nil-manifolds with the first homology ${\mathbb{Z}}^2{\oplus}{\mathbb{Z}}_p$. By the works of Bieberbach and Waldhausen, this classification problem is reduced to classifying all normal nilpotent subgroups of almost Bieberbach groups of finite index, up to affine conjugacy.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.411-420
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• 2018

In this paper we introduce the notion of shadowable points for finitely generated group actions on compact metric spaace and prove that the set of shadowable points is invariant and Borel set and if chain recurrent set contained shadowable point set then it coincide with nonwandering set. Moreover an action $T{\in}Act(G, X)$ has the shadowing property if and only if every point is shadowable.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10b
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• pp.30-35
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• 1992

Conflicting or inconsistent rules sometimes help us to represent the control actions of an expert more freely. Also, uncertainties about the control actions of the expert may render rules with conclusions whore membership functions have different width in their shapes. Conventional inference methods for FLC may not effectively handle such inconsistencies and/or rules containing such conclusions. In this paper, an effective inference method dealing with such If-Then rules is proposed.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2017

In this paper, we introduce the notion of persistent actions of finitely generated groups on compact metric spaces and give a necessary condition for a persistent dynamical system to be topologically stable.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.431-440
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• 2015

Let G be a semialgebraic group which is not necessarily compact. Let X be a semialgebraically proper G-set such that the orbit space has a semialgebraic structure. In this paper we prove the existence of semialgebraic slices of X. Moreover X can be covered by finitely many semialgebraic G-tubes.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.273-286
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• 2003

Let $F^{\alpha}$G be a twisted group algebra. A subalgebra of $F^{\alpha}$G generated by all class sums of partition P of G is called a projective class algebra in $F^{alpha}$G associated with partition P. In this paper we study various partitions of G determined by actions of certain operator groups on G and construct projective class algebras depending on the actions. With regard to projective class algebras, we investigate structures of associated skew group algebras and fixed group algebras.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.495-502
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• 2014

This paper proposes a method to generate diverse robot facial expressions and facial gestures in order to help long-term HRI. First, nine basic dynamics for diverse robot facial expressions are determined based on the dynamics of human facial expressions and principles of animation for even identical emotions. In the second stage, facial actions are added to express facial gestures such as sniffling or wailing loudly corresponding to sadness, laughing aloud or smiling corresponding to happiness, etc. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we compared the facial expressions of the developed robot when the proposed method is used or not. The results of the survey showed that the proposed method can help robots generate more realistic facial expressions.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of prevention practices against infection exposure among emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in emergency rooms. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 100 EMTs in emergency rooms from June 1 to August 31, 2017. The questionnaire consisted of items concerning the defensive environment for the prevention of infection exposure, perception of preventive behavior, and degree of performance of preventive actions against infection based on a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$ test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and linear regression. Results: The defensive environment for the prevention of infection exposure was 4.12. The perception of preventive action was 4.71, and the degree of performance of preventive actions against infection was 4.54. There was a significant relationship between the degree of performance of preventive actions against infectious exposures and the degree of perception of preventive behavior(r=.506, p=.01) and prevention of infectious exposure(r=.506, p=.01). The protective environment(B=.360, t=3.236, p=.002) and perceived level (B=.904, t=4.662, p=.000) were influenced by the degree of prevention of infection exposure. Conclusion: It is important to manage the protection environment for infection exposure prevention and to enhance the awareness of infection prevention actions against infection exposure among the EMTs in emergency rooms.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.38-44
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of police legitimacy on public cooperation with the police. This study consists of obligation to obey, moral alignment, and legality of police actions as factors of police legitimacy. This research employs a survey questionnaire to evaluate the police legitimacy and public cooperation with the police. The number of subject of the study is 354 citizens residing in Daegu metropolitan city and some cities of Gyeongsangbuk-do province. The study employs a multi-regression analysis to investigate the effect of the three factors of police legitimacy on public cooperation with the police. The effects of the three key factors of police legitimacy- obligation to obey, moral alignment, and legality of police actions-on public cooperation with the police are significant; specifically, legality of police actions is shown to be more effective for nurturing public cooperation than the rest of these factors. The findings also have some implications for how Korean police can foster better relationships with citizens in the communities.