• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.111-120
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• 2004

In order to increase the productivity of software, the research to reduce the total cost in software development environments is working, Considerable time is wasted waiting for a changed program in program development, however smell the change, to be edited and compiled and executed. In case of partial change, we need incremental interpreter for reexecuting the changed parts and its affected parts, In this paper, we implement the incremental interpreter by using analyzing dynamic semantics at execution time, We define a new IMPLO(IMPerative Language with Object) language using EBNF(Extended Backus Naur Form) notation and then, design and implement the incremental interpreter of this language by using action equations to describe the dynamic semantics.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.127-142
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• 2022

According to social change, entrepreneurship education at university is drawing attention as a means to cultivate convergent creative competency required by the times. Currently, the number of entrepreneurship education at university is increasing every year, and quantitative expansion is taking place, but quality advancement of education remains a task. In this context, this study conducted an action research with the aim of revitalizing entrepreneurship education and upgrading quality, and developing a entrepreneurship education program suitable for general elective courses operated by universities. In the process of the study, first, through literature analysis related to entrepreneurship education at university, educational contents and teaching methods of entrepreneurship education were confirmed. Based on this, the IPA analysis was used to analyze the educational needs of students for entrepreneurship education contents and design a program that reflects this. The designed program was applied and operated to the entrepreneurship education of A University, and improvements were derived and improved by analyzing the opinions of learners in the action research process. The entrepreneurship education program developed through this study was composed as follows. The necessity of entrepreneurship education at the beginning of the lecture is sufficiently presented, and the knowledge necessary for start-up, including idea discovery and business model design, is delivered through theoretical lectures by teacher-centered method. In the second half of the lecture, students with similar interests are gathered into teams and learner-centered practical activities are operated. The contents of the activities include information on idea discovery, business model design, business plan and pitching. Practical activities for each team are conducted during class hours, and the professor advice on difficulties for each team.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.103-128
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop a school violence prevention program featuring the Practical Action Teaching Model(hereafter, PATM) for middle school students to prevent school violence by Home Economics Education. To accomplish this purpose, the processes of analysis, design, development, and evaluation based on ADDIE were conducted. The validity of the program was evaluated twice by Home Economics education experts(36 experts for the first group and 10 experts for the second group) and the contents of the program were modified according to the comments from the evaluators. The school violence prevention program in Home Economics classes consisted of 5 topics such as changing perception on school violence, enhancing self-esteem, relating with others, practicing consideration and sharing, and strengthening the will of preventing school violence. Twenty-four units were developed with 7 practical problems(What should I do to make friends to help with each other?, What should I do to establish positive self-concept?, What should I do to communicate to build good relationship?, What should I do to solve the conflicts peacefully?, What should I do to practice consideration and sharing in food consumption?, and What should I do to practice consideration and sharing in clothing?) in 5 topic areas. Teaching-learning plans included four steps such as problem perception, practical reasoning, action, and evaluation that comprise PATM to solve the practical problems. Every step of the teaching-learning plan consisted of questions for practical reasoning and activity assignments. Materials for students and teachers were developed. Materials for students comprised 80 pieces in total including student activity, reading, movie, and clips to make students enhance understanding and interest. Materials for teachers comprised 35 pieces in total such as rationales, newspaper articles, and movies that make teachers that lesson teaching loads and were helpful for teachers. The PATM was incorporated into developing the program and a Likert-scale was used to assess usefulness, applicability, appropriateness, fidelity, substantiality, and validity of this program. This program gained more than 4.00 on a 1-5 Likert scale. This result indicated that program is expected to be effective and useful to school violence prevention.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.137-172
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• 2008

The earliest safety data programs, the FDR and CVR, were electronic reporting systems that generate data "automatically." The FDR program, originally instituted in 1958, had no publicly available restrictions for protections against sanctions by the FAA or an airline, although there are agreements and union contracts forbidding the use of FDR data for FAA enforcement actions. This FDR program still has the least formalized protections. With the advent of the CVR program in 1966, the precursor to the current FAR 91.25 was already in place, having been promulgated in 1964. It stated that the FAA would not use CVR data for enforcement actions. In 1982, Congress began restricting the disclosure of the CVR tape and transcripts. Congress added further clarification of the availability of discovery in civil litigation in 1994. Thus, the CVR data have more definitive protections in place than do FDR data. The ASRS was the first non-automatic reporting system; and built into its original design in 1975 was a promise of limited protection from enforcement sanctions. That promise was further codified in an FAR in 1979. As with the CVR, from its inception, the ASRS had some protections built in for the person who might have had a safety problem. However, the program did not (and to this day does not) explicitly deal with issues of use by airlines, litigants, or the public media, although it appears that airlines will either take a non-punitive stance if an ASRS report is filed, or the airline may ignore the fact that it has been filed at all. The FAA worked with several U.S. airlines in the early 1990s on developing ASAP programs, and the FAA issued an Advisory Circular about the program in 1997. From its inception, the ASAP program contained some FAA enforcement protections and company discipline protections, although some protection against litigation disclosure and public disclosure was not added until 2003, when FAA Order 8000.82 was promulgated, placing the program under the protections of FAR 193, which had been added in 2001. The FOQA program, when it was first instituted through a demonstration program in 1995, did not contain protections against sanctions. Now, however, the FAA cannot take enforcement action based on FOQA safety data, and an airline is limited to "corrective action" under the program. Union contracts can exclude FOQA from the realm of disciplinary action, although airline practice may be for airlines to require retraining if there is no contract in place forbidding it. The data is protected against disclosure for litigation and public media purposes by FAA Order 8000.81, issued in 2003, which placed FOQA under the protections of FAR 193. The figure on the next page shows when each program began, and when each statute, regulation, or order became effective for that program.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.215-226
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• 2015

The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide and has become a serious epidemic health problem. We developed the 'Change 10 Habits' educational program based on obesity treatment and dietary guidelines and examined its effects on customized nutrition education in mildly obese adults. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Study subjects were excluded if they had several major diseases, if had consumed an anti-obesity drug, or if they practiced an obesity-related program within 30 days. The subjects (n=87, $25{\leq}BMI$ <30) were each exposed to the customized nutrition education program with four lessons according to the stage of the transtheoretical model (TTM). The stage-matched program was administered for 12 weeks and was run by a clinical dietitian. Overall, subjects who were in the precontemplation/contemplation stage at baseline made progress in the preparation and action/maintenance stage after 12 weeks (P<0.05). For 'Alcohol is consumed, up to 2 drinks per day', the proportion of subjects who belonged in the action/maintenance stage increased from 34.5% to 49.4% at 12 weeks. In addition, scores of all items significantly increased after the program (P<0.05). 'Chew more than 10 times and eat slowly' score significantly increased from $3.9{\pm}2.4$ to $5.8{\pm}2.3$ (P<0.05). In conclusion, behavioral stage-matched nutrition education using the 'Change 10 Habits' program was effective in improving eating behaviors and enhancing healthy lifestyles in mildly obese adults.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.384-396
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to design career learning program content and to suggest a development plan in order to assist in freshmen's successful adaptation. To accomplish this goal, first, we reviewed the precedent studies on the situations and problems of freshmen and education programs for freshmen. H. university freshmen's needs for support programs were analyzed. Second, a career learning program conceptual model was developed based on the results of precedent studies and program needs analysis. Third, the program contents for enhancing career learning competency were designed, and we suggested a development plan focusing on customized content, emotional support, and on-off line convergence program. It developed career learning tracks, big data analysis, and action planning as main content. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the development and implementation of competency-based customized career learning programs for freshmen, which will help improve the quality of career learning programs and freshmen's adaptability.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2022

Background: Underground mines have several hazards that could lead to serious consequences if they come into effect. Acquiring, evaluating, and using the real-time data from the atmospheric monitoring system and miner's positional information is crucial in deciding the best course of action. Methods: A graphical user interface-based software is developed that uses an AutoCAD-based mine map, real-time atmospheric monitoring system, and miners' positional information to guide on the shortest route to mine exit and other locations within the mine, including the refuge chamber. Several algorithms are implemented to enhance the visualization of the program and guide the miners through the shortest routes. The information relayed by the sensors and communicated by other personnel are collected, evaluated, and used by the program in proposing the best course of action. Results: The program was evaluated using two case studies involving rescue relating to elevated carbon monoxide levels and increased temperature simulating fire scenarios. The program proposed the shortest path from the miner's current location to the exit of the mine, nearest refuge chamber, and the phone location. The real-time sensor information relayed by all the sensors was collected in a comma-separated value file. Conclusion: This program presents an important tool that aggregates information relayed by sensors to propose the best rescue strategy. The visualization capability of the program allows the operator to observe all the information on a screen and monitor the rescue in real time. This program permits the incorporation of additional sensors and algorithms to further customize the tool.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.477-490
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• 2013

This paper presents results of calculations performed according to our own semi-empirical mathematical model of critical vortex excitation. All calculations are carried out using own computer program, which allows the simulation of both the across-wind action caused by vortices and the lateral response of analysed structures. Vortex excitation simulations were performed in real time taking into account wind-structure interaction. Several structures of circular cross-sections were modelled using a FEM program and calculated under the action of critical vortex excitation. Six steel chimneys, six concrete chimneys and two concrete towers were considered. The method of selection and estimation of the experimental parameters describing the model are also presented. Finally, the results concerning maximum lateral top displacements of the structures are compared with available full-scale data for steel and concrete chimneys.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.837-867
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is evaluate the direct payment program for rural landscape conservation and deduce facts to improve. This research is composed with a survey on local government officials and farmers joined this program, and used monitering in selected 41 zones. According to the surveys, this program showed a positive contribution to the effects: village harmony, visitors increase, village income. However, It's contribute in short term objectives, but has not yet reach the ultimate goal such as regional development through visitors and village income. We found some problems in the monitering, on the agreement with farmers, range of village activities, operating AgriX program, etc. Finally, we suggest some proposals ; 1) to redefine the aims and range for the program, 2) to clarify a village action program, 3) to strength the admission procedure, 4) to designate district based on landscape resources survey.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2023

In this study, as a competency strengthening program to support learner-centered education, we developed the 'Capstone-design competency Program' for the purpose of cultivating the 4C skills and problem-solving ability required as core competencies of the 21st century. The program was based on the project method, and strategies were derived and materialized for each step through core competency analysis. Then, the validity was confirmed through the implementation of the program. As a result of the implementation of the program, it was confirmed that this program was effective in cultivating the core competencies of college students. In addition, it was confirmed that learners showed results such as specific reflection on core competencies, changes in perspective, and action plans, so that the possibility of actual application was high.