• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1997

In this paper, the oscillator type active antenna used as an element of active phased array antenna is designed and fabricated using slot coupling. The radiating element and active circuit are fabricated on each layer respectively and coupled electromagnetically through slot on the ground plane. This structure can solve the problems such as narrow bandwidth of microstrip antenna, spurious radiation by active circuits, and spaces for integration of the feeding circuits which are caused by integrating antennas with oscillator circuits in the same layer. The active antenna in this paper, the oscillation frequency can be tuned linearly by controlling the drain bias voltage of FET. The frequency tuning range is between 12.37 GHz to 12.65 GHz when bias voltage is varied from 3V to 9V, thus frequency tuning bandwidth is 280 MHz (2.24%). The output power of antenna is uniform within 5dB over frequency tuning range. Therefore this active antenna can be used as an element of linear or planar active phased array antennas.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 1999

Modules of the system that requires large capacity and high-speed information processing are implemented in the form of MCM that allows high-speed data processing, high density circuit integration and widely applied to such fields as ATM, GPS and PCS. Hence we developed the ATM switching module that is consisted of three chips and 2.48 Gbps data throughput, in the form of 10 multi-layer by Cu/Photo-BCB and 491pin PBGA which size is $48 \times 48 \textrm {mm}^2$. hnologies required for the development of the MCM includes extracting parameters for designing the substrate/package through the interconnect characterization to implement the high-speed characteristics, thermal management at the high-density MCM, and the generation of the testability that is one of the most difficult issues for developing the MCM. For the development of the ATM Switching MCM, we extracted signaling delay, via characteristics and crosstalk parameters through the interconnect characterization on the MCM-D. For the thermal management of 15.6 Watt under the high-density structure, we carried out the thermal analysis. formed 1.108 thermal vias through the substrate, and performed heat-proofing processing for the entire package so that it can keep the temperature less than $85^{\circ}C$. Lastly, in order to ensure the testability, we verified the substrate through fine pitch probing and applied the Boundary Scan Test (BST) for verifying the complex packaging/assembling processes, through which we developed an efficient and cost-effective product.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.1458-1468
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• 2019

Objective: As one of the most important metabolic organs, the liver plays vital roles in modulating the lipid metabolism. This study was to compare miRNA expression profiles of the Large White liver between two different developmental periods and to identify candidate miRNAs for lipid metabolism. Methods: Eight liver samples were collected from White Large of 70-day fetus (P70) and of 70-day piglets (D70) (with 4 biological repeats at each development period) to construct sRNA libraries. Then the eight prepared sRNA libraries were sequenced using Illumina next-generation sequencing technology on HiSeq 2500 platform. Results: As a result, we obtained 346 known and 187 novel miRNAs. Compared with the D70, 55 down- and 61 up-regulated miRNAs were shown to be significantly differentially expressed (DE). Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis indicated that these DE miRNAs were mainly involved in growth, development and diverse metabolic processes. They were predicted to regulate lipid metabolism through adipocytokine signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase, AMP-activated protein kinase, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B, and Notch signaling pathway. The four most abundantly expressed miRNAs were miR-122, miR-26a and miR-30a-5p (miR-122 only in P70), which play important roles in lipid metabolism. Integration analysis (details of mRNAs sequencing data were shown in another unpublished paper) revealed that many target genes of the DE miRNAs (miR-181b, miR-145-5p, miR-199a-5p, and miR-98) might be critical regulators in lipid metabolic process, including acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4, ATP-binding casette A4, and stearyl-CoA desaturase. Thus, these miRNAs were the promising candidates for lipid metabolism. Conclusion: Our study provides the main differences in the Large White at miRNA level between two different developmental stages. It supplies a valuable database for the further function and mechanism elucidation of miRNAs in porcine liver development and lipid metabolism.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.165-188
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• 2010

Recently public and finance SI (system integration) industry is called as 4D (difficult, dangerous, dirty, dreamless) industry because of low profit, overtime works and poor motivation of employees. Even some people think at SI industry to be a labor intensive industry instead of a high technology industry. The current study considers outside environmental change of SI industry as well as inside capability enhancement of SI companies. The study adopted action research method with the author's expertise and experiences as a head of a major SI company in Korea. The current research framework suggests 5 areas of profitability enhancement that offers propositions and implications. 5 areas of profitability enhancement are (1) policy improvement, (2) business portfolio innovation (3) sales capability reinforcement, (4) delivery capability reinforcement, and (5) cost management innovation. The five areas include 11 propositional factors and 21 implementation plans which were chosen from the profitability perspectives of SI companies.In order to successfully execute propositions and implementation plans of the framework, 3 years is needed and after 3 years profitability are expected to increase 10% higher than the current level. The framework, propositions and suggestions in this study are expected to offer a real contribution for SI companies that want to enhance competitiveness and profitability. Future extension of the current study to benchmarking the competitiveness and profitability between local companies and global companieswill bring a solid attention from industry and academics.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.378-383
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• 2009

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation procedure for the phalaenopsis orchid, established by using Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs), was aimed at the introduction of target genes into individuals with divergent genetic backgrounds. PLBs obtained from the axillary bud of a peduncle were maintained on a hyponex medium supplemented with 1 g/l of activated charcoal, 30 g/l of sucrose and 0.1 mg/l thiamine. The multiplication rate of PLBs was about 90% in case of subculture PLBs to be cut transversely into 1/3 part from top position. The PLBs were inoculated with Agrobacterium strain EHA105 harboring both $\beta$-glucuronidase (GUS) and hygromycin-resistant genes for 20 minutes after dipping treatment. Transformation efficiency was the highest with a Agrobacterium culture medium and dipping treatment of O.D. 0.8. Newly induced PLBs were put on selection medium containing 1 mg/l hygromycin for 2 months. Hygromycin-resistant phalaenopsis plants that regenerated after the selection culture of PLBs showed histochemical blue staining due to GUS. Transgene integration of the hygromycin-resistant plants was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot using GUS specific primers and probe.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.115-122
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• 2016

This paper proposes a system to detect driver's cognitive state by internal and external information of vehicle. The proposed system can measure driver's eye gaze. This is done by concept of information delivery and mutual information measure. For this study, we set up two web-cameras at vehicles to obtain visual information of the driver and front of the vehicle. We propose Gestalt principle based selective attention model to define information quantity of road scene. The saliency map based on gestalt principle is prominently represented by stimulus such as traffic signals. The proposed system assumes driver's cognitive resource allocation on the front scene by gaze analysis and head pose direction information. Then we use several feature algorithms for detecting driver's characteristics in real time. Modified census transform (MCT) based Adaboost is used to detect driver's face and its component whereas POSIT algorithms are used for eye detection and 3D head pose estimation. Experimental results show that the proposed system works well in real environment and confirm its usability.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.423-428
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• 2009

Selenium was investigated using human origin preadipocytes to see whether it possesses preventive or therapeutic effects for obesity. Unveiling the potential of selenium in the reduction of adipogenesis can help predict the therapeutic capabilities of selenium in obesity. In the present study, the molecular mechanism of the inhibition of adipogenesis by selenium was explored to unravel the involvement of the AMP-activated protein kinase. There is emerging evidence that AMPK, a sensor of cellular energy status, is a possible molecular target of controlling adipocyte differentiation on the basis of discovery that AMPK is responsible for the major metabolic responses to exercise, and integration of nutritional and hormonal signals to modulate feeding behavior or energy expenditure in the hypothalamus. Treatment of selenium resulted in inhibition of the adipocyte differentiation process and induction of mature apoptosis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We hypothesized that selenium may exert anti-adipogenic potential though modulating AMPK. We have found that selenium significantly activated AMPK and phosphorylated its substrate acetyl-CoA carboxylase ($ACC-serine^{79}$) during the inhibitory process of adipocytes. Also, the inhibition process of adipocyte differentiation by selenium was comparable to either reveratrol or a synthetic AMPK activator, AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-${\beta}$-D-ribofuranoside). To evaluate the involvement of AMPK in anti-lipogensis, we applied AICAR and Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, to 3T3-L1-adipocytes and found that AMPK is required for the adipocyte differentiation blocking process. These results suggest that selenium has a potential to control adipogenesis and that this effect is mediated by AMPK, an essential kinase for both inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and apoptosis of mature adipocytes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.227-239
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• 2008

Processing LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data obtained from ALS (Airborne Laser Scanning) systems mainly involves organization and segmentation of the data for 3D object modeling and mapping purposes. The ALS systems are viable and becoming more mature technology in various applications. ALS technology requires complex integration of optics, opto-mechanics and electronics in the multi-sensor components, Le. data captured from GPS, INS and laser scanner. In this study, digital image processing techniques mainly were implemented to gray level coded image of the LiDAR data for building extraction and superstructures segmentation. One of the advantages to use gray level image is easy to apply various existing digital image processing algorithms. Gridding and quantization of the raw LiDAR data into limited gray level might introduce smoothing effect and loss of the detail information. However, smoothed surface data that are more suitable for surface patch segmentation and modeling could be obtained by the quantization of the height values. The building boundaries were precisely extracted by the robust edge detection operator and regularized with shape constraints. As for segmentation of the roof structures, basically region growing based and gap filling segmentation methods were implemented. The results present that various image processing methods are applicable to extract buildings and to segment surface patches of the superstructures on the roofs. Finally, conceptual methodology for extracting characteristic information to reconstruct roof shapes was proposed. Statistical and geometric properties were utilized to segment and model superstructures. The simulation results show that segmentation of the roof surface patches and modeling were possible with the proposed method.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.179-185
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• 2003

To determine whether the diphtheria toxin-A (DT) gene disrupts development of thymocytes in transgenic animal, the DT-A gene was used for the production of transgenic mice directed by proximal Ick promoter sequences. Two transgenic founder mice that contained several copies of transgene were produced by DNA microinjection and integration of transgene in transgenic mice was confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting analysis. Transgenic $F_1$ and $F_2$ mice were produced by outbreeding of founder and $F_1$ mice to investigate expression of transgene and phenotypes in transgneic mice. Expression of the diphtheria toxin gene was confirmed in thymus, spleen and liver of transgenic mice by RT-PCR. In circulating blood of transgenic mice, lower number of circulating white blood cells and platelets were observed compared with that of normal mice. In addition, transgneic mice had reduced number of circulating peripheral T-cells analyzed by FACS with anti-CD3 antibody. The data in these transgenic mice indicate that DT gene can play a disruptive role in developing thymocytes of transgenic mice resulted in lower number of T-cells that can be applicable to a wide range of tissues in other animals.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.78-87
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• 2021

This paper analyzes the range and attributes of the traffic information service between domestic public institutions and private companies, and suggests the possibility of joint application of node-link information for each company and the possibility of joint use of private traffic information. For this purpose, the present condition and attributes of domestic and foreign traffic information node-links (link length, node ID number, U-turn information, lane information, left turn information, right turn information, etc.) were analyzed. The analysis targets, the node-link of the national standard node and the two companies were analyzed. The area of the experiment was selected in Jongno-gu, Seoul, where standard-link information is complex, traffic volume is high, and various standard-links exist. The experiment was conducted by comparing and analyzing the traffic information attributes of three types of node-links and performing node-links overlapping matching (utilizing encoding_decoding method), and the possibility of matching node-links and attributes of different specifications was analyzed using Open LR technique.