• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.101-121
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• 2017

This article investigates the negotiation landscape of WTO ITA(Information Technology Agreement) expansion negotiation which is the most recently concluded plurilateral trade agreement under WTO. Using the trade flow data of each country and product, this study explores analytical indicators to identify the overall characteristics of the negotiation and negotiation position each participant might make. Results identified that the negotiation was generally led by export-oriented countries, especially East Asian countries. Country level negotiation positions at each sub-sector are also discussed in this study.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.127-145
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• 2017

The study focuses on the ICT industry, which is considered future growth engine. Tthe main objective of the research is to examine the extent of the competitiveness of the Chinese ICT industry, which is rapidly emerging as a competitor of the ICT industry in Korea. The ICT items subject to primary analysis of this study were computer and peripherals items. Analysis methods used were MSI (Market Share Index), EBI (Export Bias Index), and MCA (Market Comparative Advantage). The analysis period was from 2008 to 2016, and the analysis dater used were the export-import data provided by KITA. According to the study, Korean market share of Chinese computers and peripherals items has continued to increase, exports concentrated on the Korean market are intensifying, though the degree of competitiveness gained by the Korean market is quite strong. In particular, 852851, 847160 items have the largest competitiveness in the Korean market compared to other items used in this study. The implications of this study for the Korean market are as follows: i) improvement of quality with price ii) convergence product development between computer and peripherals items and consumer -friendly design development, and iii) marketing efforts to improve product awareness so that consumers recognize Korean computer and peripherals products.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.387-415
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• 2015

In this study, we have proposed an estimation model of domestic market size using the linking between standard statistical classification systems, and reviewed the practical applicability of the model. The results of the mining and manufacturing survey of Statistics Korea conducted on the basis of KSIC (Korea Standard Industrial Classification) and Korea trade statistics based on HS (The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System; Harmonized System) classification were linked for the model by using the correspondence tables provided by Statistics Korea and United Nations Statistics Division. The most serious problem to adopt the integrated KSIC-ISIC-HS correspondence table for the estimation of domestic market size is the complex multiple linkages among KSIC and HS codes. In this study, we have suggested the method to divide the amount of trade corresponding to the HS codes linked to more than two ISIC codes based on the ratio of shipments corresponding to the ISIC codes as the weight. Then, it is possible to analyze the domestic market size of 125 ISIC codes in the manufacturing industry and to forecast the market size in the near future by using the model. Although the model has some limitations such as the difficulty in analysis on more subdivided items than ISIC items, the impossibility of the analysis on items in industries except for manufacturing, errors in the shipment due to some missing data, this study has significance in the sense that it provided the analysis method of domestic market size by using the most objective, reliable and sustainably useful data.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.447-470
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• 2012

A Certificate of Origin is used in international trade. It is a printed form, completed by the exporter or its agent and certified by an issuing body, attesting that the goods in a particular export shipment have been wholly produced, manufactured or processed in a particular country. FTA rules of origin in recent FTA agreement is a very complex procedure that requires international negotiations in the field has become the largest issues. Case of Korea-Chile FTA, starting with the origin criteria for each agreements is inconsistent due to differences between countries is an area that is not easy to negotiate. This study is covered in the agreement signed on the origin criteria for adequate review and comparison by item currently being pursued through the FTA was signed during the implications that can be applied to the agricultural sector has to offer.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.411-417
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• 2017

It is necessary to determine the current and future energy consumption by farm households for the rational specification of energy related policy in the Korean agricultural sector. Especially, It is important to identify the consumption by source of energy and by the crops. On the other hand, the world has tried to reduce the production of greenhouse gases and, in line with this, the Korean government established related legislations to contribute to this reduction (30% reduction in emissionsby 2020). The reduction target of the agricultural sector is specified as 5.2% of the national total. This study focuses on sampling design to determine the energy consumption and emission of greenhouse gases, and suggests several alternatives to improve the confidence level and to make a dent survey and estimation errors. The population for the energy consumption survey of the agricultural sector was derived from agricultural census data. In the case of commodities with high skewness, we cut the sample range to within the statistical significant range. The number of samples in each class is specified using the Neyman allocation method and 95% significance level. The estimation results are compared with the population to verify the statistical significance and several management methods of sampling errors are suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.554-555
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• 2012

주문관리시스템은 여러 고객들로부터 다양한 주문에 대응하여 물류센터에 적정한 재고관리하기 위해 필요한 수량만큼 공장으로 주문을 관리하는 시스템이다. 일반적으로 주문관리시스템에서 사용하는 재고관리기법은 품목별로 ABC 분석을 통하여 정기발주법, 정량발주법, 2개 선반법이 주로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 발주법은 물류센터에 보관되는 제품의 특성이 다품종 소량 및 라이프사이클이 점차 짧아짐에 따라 재고부족 또는 과잉재고를 가져와 고객에 대한 서비스 감소 또는 재고유지비가 증가하는 문제점을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 물류센터 내 적정한 재고를 유지하기 위해 퍼지기법을 활용하여 정기발주법과 정량발주법의 혼합한 지능형 주문관리시스템의 설계 방안을 제안한다.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.47-67
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• 2017

This paper analyzes industries of the Daegu-Gyeongbuk province of the Republic of Korea using the product space model that was developed mid 2000s on the basis of a network analysis framework. The study examines the structure of the product space for the 421 export items at HS 4-digit level after grouping them into 4 categories; classics, emerging champions, marginals and the disappearing products. The results suggest a significant structural transformation in the product space for the local industries and the scope and magnitude of such transformation was rather large. We were also able to confirm that the structural transformation of the product space differs from industry to industry and from group to group. While the approach used is not without shortcomings, our findings also indicate that information extracted from the world merchandise trade by way of product space indicators can be quite useful in identifying structural transformation of industries.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.123-132
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• 2014

Inflation uncertainty is known to have deleterious effects on facilities investment by disturbing the corporate decision on the opportunity cost of investment. In this paper, we test the validity of this hypothesis in Korea by estimating the inflation uncertainty with both a time-varing parameter model with GARCH disturbances and the relative price volatility and then, estimate the facilities investment equation which includes those uncertainty indicators. The uncertainty indexes estimated by the above-mentioned methods continue to fluctuate even after the inflation rate has dropped dramatically reflecting the structural changes of Korea's economy since the financial crisis in 1997. As a result of estimation of the investment equation by both OLS and GMM, we find the inflation uncertainty has a negative effect on facilities investment with a statistical significance. Moreover, by means of Markov-switching regression model utilized to verify the non-linearity of this relationship, we draw a conclusion that this negative effect of inflation uncertainty heightens asymmetrically during the downturn periods of business cycle.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.427-427
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• 2017

물발자국은 국가별 실제 물소비량을 파악하고 물 부족 상황에 효율적으로 대비하기 위하여 도입된 지표로서, 제품의 생산과 서비스 전 과정에서 직접 및 간접적으로 사용되는 물의 총량을 의미한다. 선진국에서는 물 사용 패턴에 대한 인식을 제고하고자 국가, 도시, 산업분야 등 다양한 물발자국 데이터베이스를 구축하여 활용하고 있다. 그러나 우리나라의 경우, 물 수입 의존도가 높지만 물발자국 산정에 대한 연구가 부족하여 효율적인 물 관리 및 안정적인 수자원 확보를 위한 국가전략 수립에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 물발자국 산정 연구는 국가적 차원의 정확한 물 수지 계산과 수자원계획 수립에 유용한 기초자료로서 활용이 가능하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 제1차 및 제2차 산업의 물발자국을 산정하였으며, 산정 방법으로는 상향식 접근법과 하향식 접근법을 적용하였다. 제1차 산업의 농업계 및 축산업계의 물발자국은 단위 물발자국에 기초한 상향식 접근법과 용수사용량에 기초한 하향식 접근법을 적용하여 산정하였다. 산업별 물발자국 산정결과는 다음과 같다. 주요 농작물 생산량 및 작물 품목별 단위 물발자국을 이용한 국내 농업계 물발자국 산정 결과, 1980년부터 2014년까지의 쌀 외 18개 농작물에서 연간 78억~109억 $m^3$로 산출되었다. 반면 농업용수 사용량에 기초한 하향식 접근법을 통해 산정한 농업계 물발자국은 118억 $m^3$으로 분석되었다. 다음으로 제1차 산업의 축산업계 물발자국을 산정하였다. 2011년부터 2015년까지 주요 가축 사육두수와 지육량, 사료작물의 단위 물발자국을 활용한 축산업계 물발자국은 평균 73억 $m^3$, 축산용수사용량을 활용한 물발자국은 평균 309억 $m^3$으로 나타났다. 축산용수사용량에 기초한 분석결과가 크게 나타난 것은 축산업분야에서 간접수의 비율이 높기 때문이다. 한편 제2차 산업의 공업계는 제품생산 공정의 물 사용량, 부품 및 원료의 단위 물발자국 등 세부사항의 파악이 곤란하여 하향식 접근법을 적용하였다. 공업용수 사용량과 공업용수 오염물질의 배출부하량에 따른 물발자국 산정 결과, 연간 26억 $m^3$으로 분석되었다. 이와 같은 산업별 물발자국 산정결과를 활용하여 산업별로 차별화되는 물 이용 패턴을 분석하고 산업별 용수 수요를 파악하면 국가적으로 효율적인 수자원 관리방안을 제시할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.103-119
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• 2021

Ports in Korea have been increasing in terms of volume while they have performed functions and roles such as industrial ports in promoting industries of their hinterlands as well as commercial ports supporting imports and exports. Nevertheless, specialization degree is different from port to port by cargo type and the changes in cargo volume. This study aims to analyze the structural changes and the degree of concentration and specialization by cargo type and port between 2001 and 2020. Top 10 ports were analyzed in terms of traffic volume by categorizing liquid, dry, general cargo and containers. HHI(Herfindahl-Hirschman Index), LQ(Location Coefficient), and shift-share analysis were employed in order to identify the degree of concentration, specialization and changes in cargo volume by port and cargo type. As a result of the analysis, the degree of port concentration and specialization for each cargo of 4 categories have maintained a high level, and no significant difference were found in fluctuations over the past 20 years. As a result of calculating the flucation of cargo volume through the shift-share analysis, the growth rate of liquid cargo was high in Yeosu Gwangyang Port, Pyeongtaek Dangjin Port in dry cargo, and Busan Port in general cargo and container ports. The result implies that it is not expected that the structural changes including degree of cargo concentration, specialization and relative fluctuation of cargo volume is significant in Korean ports in the future since the effects of economies of scale and clustering were achieved to the great degree.