• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the property of nylon fabrics dyed with safflower red and yellow colorants under Ultraviolet(UV)-light. For this purpose, nylon fabrics dyed with safflower red and yellow colorants were compared with each other after uv-light exposure in terms of K/S value, color changes(${\Delta}E$), morphology, and strength retention. K/S value rapidly decreased with increasing exposure time, but K/S value of the samples dyed with safflower red colorants decreased less than that of samples dyed with safflower yellow colorants. In color changes, as increasing exposure time, $L^*$ increased, $a^*$ decreased, $b^*$ increased, and so ${\Delta}E$ increased in samples dyed with safflower red colorants. In color changes, as increasing exposure time, $L^*$ increased, $a^*$ and $b^*$ decreased, and thereby ${\Delta}E$ increased in the samples dyed with safflower yellow colorants, indicating fading away by uv-light and changes of hue, value and chroma value. But the color change of samples dyed with safflower yellow colorants was less than that of samples dyed with safflower red colorants. SEM pictures showed a severe degradation by uv exposure, regardless of colorants type. Tensile strength slowly decreased until 14 days, and rapidly decreased until 28 days. Strength retention of the samples dyed with safflower yellow colorants was higher than that of the samples dyed with safflower red colorants.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.93-101
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• 2011

The evaluation of various color coating methods for color maintenance of color asphalt pavement is conducted using the laboratory and field tests on the bus lane. The surface of color asphalt constructed on the bus lane is deteriorated such as changing color and decoloration and abrasion due to the passing of the traffic and time. The total of 9 coating methods were evaluated in this study. The laboratory tests included Ultra violet test, adhesion test and Taber abrasion test and the field tests were british pendulum test and visual survey. The results of tests showed that the different methods showed the their own engineering characteristics and it is dependant upon the main material used. The rubber epoxy material for the main material showed the satisfactory result among the methods tested. However, the performance of the coating methods after 100days are not satisfactory, decoloration, abrasion and peeling up are investigated and need to be studied for the further application in the field.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.66.2-66.2
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• 2018

금속의 양극산화 공정(anodizing)은 전해질 내 금속에 인위적으로 전위를 가해 금속 표면에 얇은 산화막(oxide layer)을 형성하여 금속의 내식성, 내마모성을 증가시키는 공정이다. 타이타늄은 가볍고 단단하여 산업분야에 유용하게 사용되며 이와 같은 양극산화 공정을 통해 내식성, 내마모성을 크게 높일 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 항공기 부품용 타이타늄의 최적 양극산화 조건을 찾기 위해 전압의 파형, 전해액의 조성에 따라 양극산화 실험을 진행하였다. SEM, AFM, EDS, 분광측색계, 색채색차계 등을 이용하여 각 조건에 해당하는 타이타늄의 산화막($Tio_2$)의 두께, crack 형태, pore 형태, 균일도, 표면 조도, 내전압, 색 수치를 분석하였다. 그 결과 전압 DC 140 V, 주성분이 KOH $Na_3PO_4{\cdot}12H_2O$인 전해액으로 이루어진 양극산화 조건에서 가장 균일하고 색 재현성이 우수한 타이타늄의 산화막($Tio_2$)을 형성하였다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.197-207
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• 2001

A designed object reveals its meaning and image through form, color and material. Among these three elements, material has more powerful influence with its tactile and visual characteristics. In Korea, traditionally materials itself were mainly used to design artifacts rather than various color or formal decoration. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Korean traditional materials, and to classify them by the characteristics of their texture. For this study, the pictures of Korean traditional artifacts were collected from the national museums and literature. Those are architectural and interior elements, furniture, cloths and textiles, arts and crafts. Total of 533 collected artifacts were classified into seven categories, metal, day, stone, paper, wood, straw, fabric things. : 59 metal things, 115 clay things, 62 stone things, 73 paper things, 80 wood things, 47 straw things, 97 fabric things. Each materials were classified into its forming methods and surface treatment focused on the he characteristics of their surface texture. Throughout this study, the uniqueness of forming method and surface treatment of each materials in Korea has been clarified. And furthermore the classification by this various traditional methods of materials will provide plentiful information and ideas to today's designers of the world.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.21-32
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• 2020

The perception of a fashion product may vary depending on the texture and color of its material. Additionally, the product may appear differently in person versus on a digital screen. Therefore, in the present study, we sought to investigate the differences in visual sensibility evaluation between materials in person and on digital screens. In this study, three pairs of visual sensibility adjectives were tested for 60 samples selected as fashion materials. Fashion materials were divided into colors, embossings, and visual clarity categories. Results showed that each color had the same sense during in-person and digital evaluation. In terms of visual sensibility according to embossing, both in-person and digital evaluations of materials with embossings were found to have the same visual sense, whereas those without embossings looked different between in-person and digital evaluations. Assessments based on visual classification showed that both in-person and digital evaluations had the same sensibility. This study is meaningful in suggesting that when evaluating the visual sense of fashion material, the sensation for the digital screen versus in person may be different in some cases.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.495-502
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• 2011

The plastic optical fiber has been previously known to have the limits in fabrication and care, due to its lack of flexibility and durability. Recently, an innovative technology of 'water-resistant & flexible optical fiber', in which the surface of etched POF(i.e., plastic optical fiber) is to be coated with a type of synthetic resin, has been developed. In this study, the post-treated POF-based flexible textiles were evaluated in terms of luminance, physical visibility and perceived visibility, according to the fabric lengths and colors of the light source. The POF-based flexible textile with 10cm fabric length and green light source appeared to show relatively higher illuminating effects. The maximum distance for perceived visibility of the POF-based flexible textiles was found to be 100m. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to be utilized as a fundamental for the further studies to develop the digital color clothing with application of POF-based flexible textile.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.181-189
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• 2004

This study consists of two parts, in which the traditional discourses about light and color are analysed hermeneutically, The first part deals with the optical and chromatic discourse that stands in the same context with the aesthetic, and the second with the analysis of color phenomenon that is constituitive of space. From the ancient time the basic parameters of the conceptual thinking such as the virtual, simulacrum, have sticked to the inevitable status, which mediates to represent the original that can never present by oneself. In modern times this specificity of the virtual could have been connected with the problem, how and by which means objects can be perceived and grasped in itself. Among the barometers to the problem ‘color’ or ‘color perception’ has been regarded as the distinct one, in which the relationship between the image and the identifying of this one, the relationship between the perceived image and the perceiving subject and the problem of the spatiality of color and surface can be dwelled on. Through the explication of the chromatic and aesthetic discourse it can be recognized that color, surface and space are interacted with one another. Colors on the surface are not only the dynamic interpoints between the memory and the forgetfulness, but also the virtual interfaces, in which the spatialising actions happen incessantly. At this point it can be illuminated that the space-constituitive dimension of color is correlative with the dimension of chromatic effects of spatialising. Therefore color as well as surface as the spatial happening must be apprehended as the one, which constitutes the spatialising and at the same time varies and shifts itself into another on the purpose of the other spatialising.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.593-602
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the coloring properties of non-mordant dyes by examining local literature on silk fabric dyeing using red-colored natural dyes. Natural dyes can be prepared from the following 8 materials: purple-fleshed sweet potato, Impatiens balsamina, mulberry, fruits of Ligustrum japonicum Thunb, guava leaves, dansam, hibiscus flowers, and pruned branches of Prunus persica. To examine the surface color calculated $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, ${\Delta}E^*$, and K/S value and H V/C. The variables considered in the dyeing experiment were dye concentration, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, and number of dyeing iterations, which were varied to evaluate the dyeing properties and color characteristics. As a result, the abovementioned variables, dye affinity, and red color expression were directly proportional to one another. In this study, it was found that red coloring can be obtained with natural dyes; moreover, excellent dyeing was achieved without the need for repeated dyeing or mordanting processes, which cause environmental pollution.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.33-39
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• 2006

This study aims to investigate the method to reduce the surface temperature caused by insolation. To achieve this goal, surface temperature of building is measured and the effects of exterior material's color and brilliance were checked with infrared imaging. And also, exterior material's absorptances due to outdoor surface heat transfer coefficients were measured. After surface temperature measurement of 37 specimen of 5 categories, the temperature is the highest on wood($53.62^{\circ}C$) and panel($52.05^{\circ}C$). Dryvit, stone, brick is the rating of order. For exterior material's absorptances, panel(0.883) and wood(0.868) were high and Dryvit, stone, brick follows wood and panel.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.167-177
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• 2019

The jadeite powder has a disadvantage affecting the stability of the formulation due to the agglomeration of the powder when applied to cosmetic formulations. To overcome this problem, a new composite powder was prepared by modifying the surface of jadeite powder and applied to foundation pact and sun stick. In this study, a triethoxycaprylylsilane among various surface modifiers was selected as an optimum component, and applied to each formulation by making the jadeite powder composite. As a result, the foundation pact maintained the clarity of the product color, and the sun stick gave about 30% higher UV blocking effect in the UVB area compared with that of the blank. In the user sensory evaluation, the formulation containing the jadeite powder composite showed a high score for the overall indicator. The stability evaluation of the formulation was also confirmed that it was stable against discoloration, detachment and hardness. In conclusion, the jadeite powder composite is stable as an inorganic pigment which is applicable to cosmetics as a multifunctional material while maintaining the color clarity of the product and acting as a booster for sunscreen agents.