• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.409-433
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• 2014

In this paper, I estimate long-run elasticities of US real GDP and real exchange rate between Korean Won and US Dollar on export of Korean goods to US and analyze changes in their trend by using VECM and rolling regression with a fixed window. For the purposes I use the year data from 1990 to 2013 which are selected from UNCTAD, Korea Trade Association(KTA), and Bank of Korea(BOK). The results are that the long-run elasticities of US real GDP vary from 2.849 to 2.938 for the period from 1990 to 2013 depending on the models in VECM and all of them are significant statistically. The elasticities of real exchange rate between Korean WON and US Dollar vary from 0.962 to 0.967 for the same period depending on the models in VECM and all of them are significant statistically. In case of the results through the OLS and the rolling regression, the long-run elasticities of US. real GDP are 3.015 for Basic Model, 2.949 for the modified Model 1, and 2.125 for the modified Model 2 for the period from 1990 to 2013 depending on the models and all of them are significant statistically. The average of long-run elasticities of real US GDP before the global financial crisis of 2008 is greater than that after the global financial crisis of 2008. On the other hand, the long-run elasticities of real exchange rate between Korean WON and US $ are 0.347 for Basic Model, 0.566 for the modified Model 1, and -0.217 for the modified Model 2 for the same period and all of them are significant statistically except for the modified Model 2. The average of long-run elasticities of real exchange rate before the global financial crisis of 2008 is greater than that after the global financial crisis of 2008.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.381-388
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• 2019

Recently, the importance of individual skin characteristic is emphasized for customized beauty products. There are many studies on the concept of the syndrome differentiation, related to individual cosmetics in Korean Medicine. However, skin characteristic according to Yin deficiency syndrome (YDS), which is associated with aging, are yet to be clarified. The objective of this study was to evaluate the skin characteristic and questionnaire of female with YDS compare to with non-YDS. 218 healthy females between 40 and 59 years of age were assessed for the skin hydration, elasticity, brightness (L^* value), redness (a^* value), pore, pigmentation, wrinkle, and sebum by Corneometerr^®, Cutometerr^®, and Janus lll. Independent t-test showed lower hydration, lower elasticity, and higher redness in the YDS group compared to the non-YDS group (all p < 0.05). There was significant difference on the facial fever, insomnia, decreased amount of urine, and skin sensitive checklist. These results suggested that using the questionnaire associated with YDS and skin characteristic could separate skin types and apply to customized beauty products.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.73-79
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• 2020

This study examined the factors influencing the relationship between anger and happiness of university nursing students so that they can improve their happiness and perform their studies with better internalized values. The general characteristics, academic efficacy, self-directedness, self-resilience, anger scale, and subjective happiness of 401 nursing students were measured. The differences between these groups were analyzed using t-tests and ANOVA tests. Correlations among academic efficacy, self-directedness, self-resilience and psychological states were calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Multiple group analysis was conducted for assessing the interaction effects of academic efficacy, self-resilience and self-directedness. Subjective happiness and predictors of the study (self-directedness and ego-resilience) were positively correlated with statistical significance. The lower the self-directedness was, the higher the subjective happiness that is reduced by anger was. The higher the self-elasticity, the lower the degree of the subjective happiness that is reduced by anger. Since the moderating effect of self-directedness has been demonstrated in the relationship between anger and happiness, it is necessary to consider instituting proper pedagogy so that the educational method of enhancing self-directedness can be reflected in the field of nursing.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.224-230
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• 2012

To investigate the effect of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer extract (Ginseol K-b1), on skin functionality, we evaluated skin appearance and properties, such as wrinkle formation, skin moisture content, and skin elasticity in the skin of hairless mice damaged by UV irradiation. In addition, the effect of Ginseol K-b1 on collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts was investigated. Female hairless mice were orally administered Ginseol K-b1 for 10 weeks with UV irradiation. Wrinkle formation in the Ginseol K-b1-treated group was significantly suppressed compared to the UV-irradiated group. Skin properties, including skin moisture content and elasticity, of the Ginseol K-b1-treated group were better than those of the control group. In the human fibroblast cells, Ginseol K-b1 treatment enhanced cell proliferation and significantly stimulated collagen synthesis. These results suggest that Ginseol K-b1 is a potent ingredient with anti-aging effects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2018

This study aimed to analyze the contents of rutin, procyanidin B3, quercetin, and kaempferol, known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic effects, among the polyphenol types contained in grape pruning stem extracts (GPSE). It utilized grape stems discarded after harvest to measure the effects of GPSE on skin moisture, inhibition of skin cell proliferation, and anti-inflammatory activity on the damaged skin of HR-1 mice induced with ultraviolet B (UVB), and to verify the applicability of GPSE as a material for functional food and functional cosmetics. The polyphenol was extracted from grape pruning stems with 80% EtOH, and then the extract was used while storing at $-20^{\circ}C$, after filtering, concentrating, and freeze-drying it. The content of an active ingredient of GPSE was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). From 53 kg of the grape pruning stem specimen, 2.34 kg of the EtOH fraction extracts were extracted to achieve a 4.42% yield ratio. Analysis of the active ingredients showed 0.28 mg/g of procyanidin B3, 12.81 mg/g of rutin, 0.51 mg/g of quercetin, and 8.24 mg/g of kaempferol. After UVB irradiation on the dermis, to confirm the degree of inhibition of collagen synthesis, we examined the protein expression of MMP-9 using immunohistochemical staining. The results of this study confirm the existence of active polyphenol types, such as rutin, kaempferol, quercetin, and procyanidin B3, in GPSE. Moreover, the study found that GPSE has anti-collagenase effects and it decreases the effects of UV damage on skin barrier function. GPSE is a functional ingredient with a potential for skin protection effects, and it has high utilization potential as an ingredient for functional cosmetics.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11b
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• pp.1021-1024
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• 2010

고령 남성들의 건강관리 및 처치를 위한 복합 운동 프로그램 참여에 따른 혈관 염증 반응에 미치는 효과를 규명하고자 하였다. 따라서 WBC에 있어서, 운동집단은 프로그램 참여 전에 비해 참여 후에 유의하게 감소된 반면, 통제 집단은 각 변인들에서 증가되거나 악화되는 결과를 보였다. CRP에 있어서, 운동집단은 프로그램 참여 전에 비해 참여 후에 유의하게 감소된 반면, 통제 집단은 각 변인들에서 증가되거나 악화되는 결과를 보였고, RF는 두 집단 모두 차이가 없었다. 따라서 심혈관계 질환을 보유한 고령자들이라도 건강관리 측면에서 체계적인 신체활동에 적극적으로 참여 한다면, 염증 질환의 유지보다는 향상의 결과를 가져올 수 있으며, 차후 세부적인 연구가 필요하지만, 고령자들의 신체활동은 혈관의 탄력을 향상시키고, 급성 염증 반응에 의한 심혈관계 질환 합병증을 예방하고 보다 긍정적인 향상의 효과를 가져 올 수 있다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.133-147
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• 2005

본 연구는 1998년에서 2003년 기간 동안의 통계청의 도시가계 원시자료를 활용하여 담배수요와 보건의료수요와의 가격탄력성을 추정하였다. 도시흡연기구의 월별지출에 각 년도의 가격지수를 일치시켜 선형 점근 준이상수요체계를 추정한 결과 담배가격인상이 보건의료수요에 분명한 부의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 담배의 가격탄력성은 -0.39 보건수요의 가격 탄력성은 -0.96으로 추정되었다. 특히 담배가격인상에 따른 보건수요의 교차 가격탄력성이 -0.32로 추정되어 담배가격의 두 배 인상에 따른 보건의료비의 감소율이 32%나 되는 것으로 파악되었다. 이상의 연구결과는 향후 담배가격 인상정책의 타당성 및 흡연감소에 따른 장 단기 편익산출에 기초 자료를 제공하게 된다. 즉 정부의 지속적인 담배가격인상은 국민건강에 엄청난 유익함으로 나타나게 될 것임을 암시하고 떠 2010년 까지의 국민건강증진목표의 달성에 구체적인 정책방향을 제시하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.131-140
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• 2018

This study is a descriptive research study for analyzing the relevance among stress, anxiety, and ego-resilience in nursing college students before clinical practice. The survey was conducted targeting the second-year students in a K college who were anticipating their first clinical practice. The survey result showed that female students showed higher stress levels than male students (t=-5.51, p<.001) before clinical practice. Female students also showed higher anxiety levels than male students (t=-3.30, p=.001) before clinical practice. The students showed higher anxiety levels before clinical practice as they felt more strongly that they were in bad health (F=3.27, p=.041), as their personality was less outgoing (t=-3.32, p=.001), and as they had a lower satisfaction level in their major (F=7.25, p=.001). The students showed higher ego-resilience levels before clinical practice as they felt more strongly that they were in good health (F=3.74, p=.026) and as their personality was more outgoing (F=3.19, p=.002). The stress and anxiety levels before clinical practice also had a positive correlation (r=.211, p=.010) and the ego-resilience and anxiety before clinical practice had a negative correlation (r=-.313, p<.001). Based on the finding, it is necessary to develop the competence improvement program that can reduce the anxiety of nursing college students before clinical practice in order to improve their ego-resilience.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.326-337
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of anxiety, empathy, ego-resilience, and clinical competency of nursing students, and to examine the relationship of the variables. The participants were 197 nursing students. Data were collected from December 3 to 15, 2017 by taking a survey and analyzed with SPSS WIN 19.0 program(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The results of this study were as follows: The mean score of anxiety was $2.16{\pm}.51$, empathy was $3.51{\pm}.36$, ego-resilience was $2.83{\pm}.44$, and clinical competency was $3.65{\pm}.48$. There was significant differences in clinical competency by satisfaction with major, satisfaction with clinical practice. There were a negative correlation between clinical competency and anxiety(r=-.37, p<.001), a positive correlation between clinical competency and empathy(r=.34, p<.001) and a positive correlation between clinical competency and ego-resilience(r=.49, p<.001). Variables such as ego-resilience, empathy, anxiety, satisfaction with major and satisfaction with clinical practice explained 35.6% of variance in clinical competency. According to these result, there is a need to develop interventions and programs to increase the ego-resilience and empathy and to reduce the anxiety for improving clinical competency in nursing students.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.32 no.1 s.55
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• pp.7-15
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• 2006

In this study, the effect of oligopeptide ($Oligosproutin^{(R)}$) from sprouted black rice was evaluated for possible improvement in skin elasticity. We examined the changes in gene expression on oligopeptide-treated HaCaT cells using DNA microarray analysis. As a result, oligopeptide treatment showed a differential expression ratio of more than 2-fold : 745 genes were activated and 1011 genes were repressed. One of the most interesting findings is a 2-fold increase in hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS 2) gene expression by oligopeptide. We also found that oligopeptide increased cell proliferation, HAS2 mRNA expression and intracellular ROS scavenging activity in HaCaT cells. A human clinical study which oil-in-water emulsion with oligopeptide was topically applied showed significant increase in skin elasticity. These results suggest that the sprouted black rice oligopeptide ($Oligosproutin^{(R)}$) can be effective anti-aging ingredient for cosmetics.