• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.313-331
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• 2011

Due to have been more keen in East-North Asia Hub Port competition, to be accelerated Busan New Port development, and to result to supply excess position, Busan port has been confronted by many problems. Also, as facilities of North Port is old, it is impossible to secure 16m depth of water at North Port, and North Port redevelopment is being, container traffic of North Port is accelerated to shift at New Port. Therefore, it. is time to seek for connection growth plan of succeeding together-Busan North & New Port as soon as possible. Connection growth plan of succeeding together-Busan North & New Port is focused, as follows. First, it is required to set up model for connection growth plan of succeeding together-Busan North & New Port. It is valid to specialize for ULCC, to promote to global port at New Port, and it is effective to focus on feeder service and general cargo handling, and to include most space to North Port redevelopment. Second, through port function reorganization, it is required to create a synergy by port function clustering. Third, through effective connection traffic network expansion for moving T/S cargo effectively, it is required to develop Busan Port for T/S cargo-focused port. Fourth, it is required to develop port hinterland logistics zone for creating container traffic through connection development of New Port-BJFEZ. Finally, it is required to build SCM system for creating container traffic among shipper, carrier, freight forwarder and related institution.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.105-122
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• 2016

Numerous studies have evaluated the status of seaports. However, the majority of the research has approached this topic from the view-point of port capabilities, including locational advantage, infrastructure, productivity, and competitiveness. The position and/or role of a port can be understood more precisely and comprehensively by considering the interconnectivity among ports making up enormous global transportation networks. The main objective of this study is to compare the status of 82 container ports on the trunk shipping routes between Asia and Europe by applying the concepts of structural equivalence and role equivalence proposed by the social network analysis method. Network similarities and differences among competing ports in the regions are assessed by analysing their structural equivalence. Furthermore, the hierarchical structures of the ports located on the trunks between Asia and Northwest Europe and between Asia and the Mediterranean are constructed by evaluating their role equivalence. The results of this empirical research shows that Singapore and Rotterdam possess the most significant positions on the ocean corridors between Asia and Northwest Europe. Singapore also holds a leading position on the Asia-Mediterranean shipping route. Lastly, no ports located in the Middle East or Mediterranean regions have an equivalent weight to those of Rotterdam, Hamburg, Antwerp on the Asia-Northwest Europe route.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 2009

Since Emma Maersk, which is a container vessel capable of holding a freight capacity of 11,000 TEU, was launched early last year, the appearance of the ULCS (Ultra Large Container Ship) will be expected in 5 years. That requires the high productivity, the high technology, the automation, and the high efficiency in port operations. GTO (Global Terminal Operator) and port equipment companies are striving for the prior occupation of the port market and the development of the port technology. Within the country, however, there has been few systematic, analytic, and detailed technology road map, and the effective execution of the development policy for the port technology and the activation of port industries has not been achieved. In this study, we deduces the development subject of the domestic port technology and analyzes the priority of them. In conclusion, we establishes the macro technology road map and the product-related road map for container ports in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.143-158
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• 2022

The shipping industry has experienced significantly fluctuated while decline in long-term and boom in short-term period due to the continuous recession of the shipping industry since the 2010s and during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to suggest implications for securing manpower and personnel policy by analyzing the effects of job environmental factors of a liner shipping company on job satisfaction and turnover intention and differences between land and marine workers. For the analysis, the job environmental factors of a liner shipping company were divided into work character, relational factors, personnel characters, and remuneration factors, and then structural equation model and t-test were conducted to test the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. As a result of the study, it was found that job environmental factors, such as work, relationship, personnel, and remuneration, had a positive (+) effect on job satisfaction, and job satisfaction had a negative (-) effect on turnover intention. In a comparative analysis between groups such as land and sea workers, it was found that the maritime workers group had higher job satisfaction and lower turnover intention than the land workers.

• The Journal of shipping and logistics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.457-474
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to analyze the efficiency of major ports in Northeast Asia such as Korea, China and Japan. For the empirical analysis, we tried to apply the data envelopment analysis (DEA), which is an efficiency evaluation model based on mathematical programming theory, and we also established a model to Northeast Asian ports. In our opinion, DEA analysis which involves multiple inputs as well as multiple outputs in its efficiency valuation makes analysis more suitable for port efficiency measurement because ports produce a number of different outputs. In this paper, we attempted to analyze the relative efficiency of 27 ports (5 Korean ports, 13 Chinese ports, 9 Japanese ports) through DEA-CCR, DEA-BCC models. According to the result, Chinese ports are relatively efficient than Korean and Japanese ports. The result of the analysis shows that 7 Chinese ports are efficient in DEA-CCR model in 2009, but in DEA-BCC model 8 Chinese ports and 1 Koran port are efficient. Most of inefficient ports have a value closed to 1 in efficiency for scale, it means that the reason of inefficiency is caused from the technical aspect. Furthermore, we also verified that there exists excess of input in Korean and Japanese ports than Chinese ports.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.141-145
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• 2005

Purpose : It is known that the neutron is generally generated from the photon, its energy is larger than 10 MV. The neutron is leaked in the container inspection system installed at the customs though its energy is below 9 MV. It is needed that the spacial effect of the neutrons released from radiation treatment machine, linac, installed in the medical canter. Materials and Methods : The medical linear accelerator(Clinac 1800, varian, USA) was used in the experiment. Measuring neutron was used bubble detector(Bubble detector, BDPND type, BTI, Canada) which was created bubble by neutron. The bubble detector is located on the medical linear accelerator outskirt in three different distance, 30, 50, 120 cm and upper, lower four point from the iso-center. In addition, for effect on protect material we have measured eight points which are 50 cm distance from iso-center. The SAD(source-axis-distance), distance from photon source to iso-center, is adjusted to 100 cm and the field size is adjusted to $15{\times}15cm^2$. Irradiate 20 MU and calculate the dose rate in mrem/MU by measuring the number of bubble. Results : The neutron is more detected at 5 position in 30, 50 cm, 7 position in 120 cm and with wedge, and 2 position without mount. Conclusion : Though detection position is laid in the same distance in neutron measurement, the different value is shown in measuring results. Also, neutron dose is affected by the additional structure, the different value is obtained in each measurement positions. So, it is needed to measure and evaluate the neutron dose in the whole space considering the effect of the distance, angular distribution and additional structure.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.111-132
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• 2018

As China continues to evolve as a major economic power and the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the Republic of Korea and China was ratified on June 1, 2015, market volume between the two countries is expected to grow more rapidly. This study aims on improving the efficiency of car-ferry lines. We conducted two surveys- for shippers and forwarders of car-ferry companies, and container liners. The study analyzes the decision factors for delivery companies and their importance for shippers and forwarders of car-ferry companies and container liners. Based on analysis of prior studies on the competition for car-ferry companies and liners, three primary variables are selected-promptness, economics, and safety. The promptness variable consists of shipping time, loading/unloading time, and customs clearing time. The economic variable consists of marine transportation cost from a domestic harbor to China, loading/unloading cost in the harbor, and overland transport cost from the harbor to shippers inland. Finally, the safety variable consists of cargo damage rates, safety facilities, such as lashing and shoring, and punctuality of transportation time. The survey and AHP results show that the promptness, safety, and economics factors are 0.549, 0.309, and 0.142 in the shipper groups of car-ferry companies' category, respectively. It indicates that there is considerable difference in the importance of each factor. In contrast, the factors are 0.350, 0.348, and 0.302 in the forwarders category, which suggests that there is little difference in each factor's importance. As for shippers and forwarders of liners, the importance of each factor is found to be in the following order: economics, safety, and promptness.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.95-108
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• 2016

China has recently advocated a national strategy called "One Belt One Road" and transferred to execution to refine it into detailed action plans and has continued to fix the complement. However, the Korean Peninsula, including the North Korea remains could not be included at all in the Chinese development policy and framework in terms of the International Logistics. Currently it is raised between Korea-China rail ferry system again and that is when we need to make effective policy development on international multimodal transport system in Northeast Asia. This paper introduces the K-LB (Korea LandBridge) as its execution plan and conducted a feasibility study on this. K-LB consists of a Korea-Russian train ferry system based in Pohang Yeongil New Port(light-wing) and a Korea-China train ferry system based in Saemangeum New Port(left-wing). These two wings are linked to the existing rail system in Korea. This study is convinced that the K-LB is an effective international logistics system in the current terms and conditions and also demonstrated that it is feasible to introduce th K-LB on the peninsula. More strictly speaking, through a linear programming under objective function that minimize the transport cost quantified prior to demonstrate the feasibility, the available ranges and conditions for the transportation costs that are ensured the effectiveness of the K-LB are presented as results. According to the results, if the transport cost of K-LB is cheaper about 34.5% than that of sea transport such as container transport, the object goods may be transported by K-LB on this route. It means that the K-LB system has a competitive advantage due to more rapid customs clearance as well as omitted loading and unloading procedures over container transportation system. It also noted that the threshold level may not be large. Therefore, K-LB has competitive enough to prove its introduction in the Northeast Asian logistics system.