• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.01a
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• pp.513-521
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• 2004

현재 초등학생용 컴퓨터 수업에서 그래픽 수업을 위한 초등학생 교육용 소프트웨어와 컨텐츠가 부족한 것이 현실이다. 매주 컴퓨터 수업을 하고 있으나 교과서에서 그래픽 관련 단원 수업은 거의 미미한 수준이다. 또한 초등학교 저학년 아동들의 발달단계 및 흥미를 고려한 그래픽 프로그램의 부재로 아동들이 학습을 하는데 어려움을 겪고 있다. 저학년 아동들을 위한 컴퓨터 그래픽 에디터가 필요하며 컴퓨터 그래픽에 관련된 단원을 아동들에게 가르치고 있으나 단순한 흥미수준의 몇 시간의 수업으로 끝나고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 초등학교 저학년을 위한 그래픽 에디터의 개발과 이러한 단편적인 지도를 보다 체계적인 지도 내용을 마련하여 초등학교 저학년 컴퓨터 그래픽 활용능력을 신장시키고자 한다.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.265-273
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• 2019

This study develops and examines the validity of a Creativity Test for children from of 4 to 7. 47 items were constructed through the validity of the literature and expert's content validity. The results of this study consisted of 22 items with three factors. These factors are flow and independence, expansion of thinking, curiosity and openness. The tests scale was examined about item's response distribution, item's discrimination, and construct validity and internal consistency reliability, and it was adoptable. It can be concluded that the test tool developed in this study is suitable for measuring the creativity of Korean children from 4 to 7 years in a simple manner, and it measures relatively well the cognitive and affective characteristics of creativity. Creativity test tool for children from 4 to 7 years in this study will contribute to the active progress of research on creativity for young children and elementary school children.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.93-117
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• 2019

Considering precedent studies in which research subjects are mainly confined to secondary school students or higher grade students of elementary schools, we can notice that there has been implicit agreement that instruction of mathematical modeling is quite difficult to lower grade students of elementary schools. Compared to this tendency, this study aims to examine the possibility of instruction of mathematical modeling for all of school ages, and more specifically, the applicability of mathematical modeling tasks to lower graders. To do this, we developed a mathematical modeling task proper to cognitive characteristics of lower graders and applied this task to the second graders. Based on the research results by lesson observation and the teacher's reflection, some didactical suggestions were induced for teaching the lower grade elementary school students mathematical modeling.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.415-435
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• 2007

A transition from elementary to secondary school, and among grades, among learning contents is a essential problem in education. A connectivity between learning contents is important in student's growth and development. A gap between lower grades and higher grades in elementary school is no less extensive than a gap between elementary mathematics and secondary mathematics. In this paper, we start with a critical mind about a transition and connectivity between lower grades and higher grades in elementary school. In order to compare between elementary grades, we firstly focus 4th grade mathematics which finish lower grades and start higher grades at the same time. First, we make up a questionnaire to 4th grade students and teachers in charge 4th grade. A questionnaire is composed of questions about the degree of difficulty in the learning(and teaching) of 4th grade mathematics comparing with 3rd grade mathematics. Second, we compare to lower grades lessons(1st grade) and 4th grade lessons using a qualitative method. we analyze the lesson contents, activities and time through 'analysis of the learning course'. And we compare the pattern of eliciting questions, question patterns, nomination patterns and feedback patterns between 1st grade and 4th grade lessons. We hope that this paper is a fundamental sources in investigating a connectivity between lower grades and higher grades in elementary mathematics in the future.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.443-456
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• 2022

This study explores the possibility and development plan for science career education in the lower grades of elementary school. Accordingly, science career education programs were developed and applied. We investigated changes in perception and interest in science before and after the programs, and analyzed surveys, research journals, student worksheets, and interview records. Science career education programs for lower-grade elementary school students have a positive effect on the perception of scientists and science. Moreover, they influence students' interest in science. Lastly, students' perception of this program was positive and gave high marks to all parameters such as interest, participation, and understanding of the program.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.265-272
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• 2022

According to the presentation of the new national curriculum, this study aims to analyze teacher's perceptions of the information education for lower grade students in elementary school. Before conducting survey, analyzing overseas and domestic researches were preceded. The questionnaires were collected by an online survey of 166 incumbent elementary school teachers after verification by an expert group. As a result, contrary to the basis of the information education curriculum to be strengthened, teacher's stagnant negative perceptions could be confirmed through various measurement variables. Before the introduction of a new national curriculum in 2024, it is a time when efforts to improve teacher's perceptions of information education for lower graders are particularly necessary.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.457-471
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• 2023

Measurement is an imperative content area of early elementary mathematics, but it is reported that students' understanding of units in measurement situations is insufficient despite its importance. Therefore, this study examined lower-grade elementary students' quantitative reasoning of units in length measurement by identifying the levels of reasoning of units. For this purpose, we collected and analyzed the responses of second-grade elementary school students who engaged in a set of length measurement tasks using an open number line in terms of unitizing, iterating, and partitioning. As a result of the study, we categorized students' quantitative reasoning of unit levels into four levels: Iterating unit one, Iterating a given unit, Relating units, and Transforming units. The most prevalent level was Relating units, which is the level of recognizing relationships between units to measure length. Each level was illustrated with distinct features and examples of unit reasoning. Based on the results of this study, a personalized plan to the level of unit reasoning of students is required, and the need for additional guidance or the use of customized interventions for students with incomplete unit reasoning skills is necessary.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.08a
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• pp.275-281
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• 2021

Much of our lives are closely related to artificial intelligence, and society is changing more rapidly. Reflecting this era, the need for artificial intelligence education has emerged and various learning methods have been proposed, but guidance on artificial intelligence teaching and learning activities for lower grades elementary school students is insufficient. Therefore, in this study, the data collection education program for the lower grades of elementary school was developed based on the contents standards of the Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science & Creativity. Focusing on the principles of artificial intelligence and the detailed data area of the utilization area, the focus was on expressing numbers and letters in various ways, such as colors and pictures, and finding various types of data in life to learn the principles of artificial intelligence. Through this program, it is expected that lower-grade elementary school students will be able to understand the importance of data collection in artificial intelligence through the process of knowing about data and collecting sound, picture, and text data.

• School Mathematics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.137-150
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• 2010

This study has planned to understand the counting ability of mathematical low achievers(MLAs) in low grades of elementary school. For this, four MLAs of second graders were chosen as a experimental group and four MLAs of fourth graders and two mid-achievers of second grades were chosen as a comparison group. Every students were individually interviewed and their data were analyzed with three respects: accuracy, speed, efficiency. The results are the following three. First, the experimental group is still not used to counting. They counted slowly, made many mistakes and errors, and used inefficient strategies during counting. Second, It is hard to expect natural improvement of their counting performance as growing up. Finally, the explicit correlation between counting ability and arithmetic ability is not drown in this study, but the possibility still remains. These results tell us that we need to stress counting activity to MLAs when they are low graders.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-90
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• 2021

The purpose of this paper is to study the unplugged educational program for the lower grades of elementary school. For this, the study was conducted as follows. First, a play-learning-based unplugged education method was discovered, focusing on play activities according to the level of development of elementary school students. Secondly, unplugged educational programs to develop Computational Thinking were designed according to the discovered topics. each class is conducted by storytelling, and the content of the storytelling is related to the integrated curriculum 'Winter'. In addition, each class was analyzed based on the core elements of Computational Thinking ability. And, we developed educational materials that can be used in the designed unplugged educational program. Finally, the educational program was applied to the lower grades of elementary school, and the educational program was analyzed through case studies. As a result of the analysis, the educational program was organized according to the level of the students, and it was confirmed that this educational program is helpful in improving the Computational Thinking of lower grade students of elementary school.